Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Family Members during Peach Fruit Softening
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Identification of Polygalacturonase (PG) Family Members in Peach
2.2. Phylogenetic Analysis of PG Family Members in Peach
2.3. Genome Distribution and Gene Structures of PG Family Members in Peach
2.4. Fruit Firmness, Ethylene Production and PG Activity Change during Softening
2.5. Identification of PG Genes Exhibiting Ripening-Associated Patterns of Expression
2.6. Ethylene and 1-MCP Alter PG Gene Expression
3. Discussion
3.1. PG Family Member Identification and Sequence Analysis
3.2. Possible Roles of PG Family Members in Fruit Softening during Ripening
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials and Treatment
4.2. RNA Extraction and Reverse Transcription
4.3. Identification of Peach PG Family Members
4.4. Multiple Sequence Alignment, Phylogenetic Analysis, Exon/Intron Structure Determination and Chromosome Locations
4.5. RNA Deep Sequencing and Library Construction
4.6. Real-Time Quantitative PCR (qPCR) Assays
4.7. Flesh Firmness, Ethylene Production and Determination of Enzyme Activity
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene Name | Gene ID | Description | Deduced Polypeptide | Signal Peptide | Domains | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Length (aa) | MW (kDa) | PI | |||||
PpPG1 | ppa018113m | Polygalacturonase At1g48100 | 510 | 54.48 | 6.7 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG2 | ppa005391m | Polygalacturonase At1g48100 | 463 | 50.16 | 4.88 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG3 | ppa026115m | Exopolygalacturonase clone GBGE184 | 376 | 40.07 | 8.84 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG4 | ppa015208m | Exopolygalacturonase clone GBGE184 | 376 | 40.06 | 8.74 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG5 | ppa1027214m | - | 470 | 51.15 | 9.53 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG6 | ppa004002m | Polygalacturonase At1g48100 | 536 | 57.83 | 8.8 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG7 | ppa015822m | Probable polygalacturonase At3g15720 | 379 | 40.23 | 7.23 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG8 | ppa015678m | Probable polygalacturonase At3g15720 | 390 | 41.35 | 6.35 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG9 | ppa017135m | Polygalacturonase | 292 | 30.67 | 6.28 | − | I, II, III |
PpPG10 | ppa026655m | Polygalacturonase | 375 | 40.83 | 9.09 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG11 | ppa018224m | Probable polygalacturonase | 463 | 50.68 | 6.56 | + | I, II, IV |
PpPG12 | ppa020086m | Probable polygalacturonase | 517 | 55.99 | 8.91 | + | I, II, IV |
PpPG13 | ppa005310m | Probable polygalacturonase | 467 | 51.58 | 5.74 | + | I, II, IV |
PpPG14 | ppa014982m | Probable polygalacturonase At1g80170 | 449 | 48.85 | 8.74 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG15 | ppa018901m | Probable polygalacturonase | 391 | 42.72 | 6.66 | − | I, II, IV |
PpPG16 | ppa005185m | Probable polygalacturonase | 473 | 52.28 | 8.73 | + | I, II, IV |
PpPG17 | ppa024649m | Polygalacturonase At1g48100 | 437 | 47.60 | 5.95 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG18 | ppa021095m | Probable polygalacturonase At3g15720 | 621 | 65.91 | 6 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG19 | ppa021953m | Polygalacturonase | 376 | 39.46 | 8.35 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG20 | ppa025787m | Polygalacturonase | 392 | 40.98 | 9.28 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG21 | ppa006839m | Polygalacturonase | 393 | 41.33 | 6.24 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG22 | ppa006857m | Polygalacturonase | 393 | 41.26 | 6.24 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG23 | ppa005015m | Probable polygalacturonase | 481 | 52.39 | 6.36 | + | I, II, IV |
PpPG24 | ppa004996m | Probable polygalacturonase | 482 | 52.45 | 5.81 | + | I, II, IV |
PpPG25 | ppa005818m | Probable polygalacturonase | 442 | 48.32 | 7.12 | + | I, II, IV |
PpPG26 | ppa019727m | Probable polygalacturonase At3g15720 | 382 | 41.13 | 8.66 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG27 | ppa025098m | Polygalacturonase | 384 | 40.72 | 7.54 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG28 | ppa014719m | Polygalacturonase At1g48100 | 419 | 45.94 | 8.27 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG29 | ppa025464m | Polygalacturonase | 381 | 40.56 | 8.76 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG30 | ppa016722m | Polygalacturonase | 432 | 46.30 | 8.72 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG31 | ppa018682m | Polygalacturonase | 371 | 39.42 | 8.17 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG32 | ppa018149m | Polygalacturonase | 307 | 33.04 | 8.18 | − | I, II, III |
PpPG33 | ppa018308m | Polygalacturonase | 376 | 39.92 | 7.89 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG34 | ppa023489m | Probable polygalacturonase At3g15720 | 436 | 46.94 | 7.84 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG35 | ppa022427m | Polygalacturonase | 431 | 46.44 | 5.81 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG36 | ppa018519m | Probable polygalacturonase At3g15720 | 405 | 43.79 | 5.82 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG37 | ppa005960m | Probable polygalacturonase | 435 | 47.64 | 5.75 | + | I, II |
PpPG38 | ppa004793m | Probable polygalacturonase | 491 | 55.03 | 9.15 | − | I, II, IV |
PpPG39 | ppa021427m | Probable polygalacturonase At3g15720 | 383 | 41.32 | 7.92 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG40 | ppa007271m | Polygalacturonase | 375 | 38.92 | 8.51 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG41 | ppa020072m | Polygalacturonase | 395 | 42.03 | 9.52 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG42 | ppa016502m | Polygalacturonase | 403 | 42.82 | 9.24 | + | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG43 | ppa019563m | Exopolygalacturonase | 387 | 41.55 | 8.93 | − | I, II, III, IV |
PpPG44 | ppb019654m | Polygalacturonase | 382 | 30.80 | 8.81 | + | I, IV |
PpPG45 | ppa015568m | Exopolygalacturonase clone GBGE184 | 482 | 50.57 | 6.32 | + | I, II, III, IV |
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Qian, M.; Zhang, Y.; Yan, X.; Han, M.; Li, J.; Li, F.; Li, F.; Zhang, D.; Zhao, C. Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Family Members during Peach Fruit Softening. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17, 1933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17111933
Qian M, Zhang Y, Yan X, Han M, Li J, Li F, Li F, Zhang D, Zhao C. Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Family Members during Peach Fruit Softening. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016; 17(11):1933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17111933
Chicago/Turabian StyleQian, Ming, Yike Zhang, Xiangyan Yan, Mingyu Han, Jinjin Li, Fang Li, Furui Li, Dong Zhang, and Caiping Zhao. 2016. "Identification and Expression Analysis of Polygalacturonase Family Members during Peach Fruit Softening" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 17, no. 11: 1933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17111933