Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16(9), 21931-21949; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms160921931
Effects of Oral Administration of Chitin Nanofiber on Plasma Metabolites and Gut Microorganisms
1
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8533, Japan
2
Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
3
Division of Instrumental Analysis, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Hitoshi Sashiwa
Received: 25 August 2015 / Revised: 5 September 2015 / Accepted: 7 September 2015 / Published: 10 September 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chitins 2015)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of oral administration of chitin nanofibers (CNFs) and surface-deacetylated (SDA) CNFs on plasma metabolites using metabolome analysis. Furthermore, we determined the changes in gut microbiota and fecal organic acid concentrations following oral administrations of CNFs and SDACNFs. Healthy female mice (six-week-old) were fed a normal diet and administered tap water with 0.1% (v/v) CNFs or SDACNFs for 28 days. Oral administration of CNFs increased plasma levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT). Oral administration of SDACNFs affected the metabolisms of acyl-carnitines and fatty acids. The fecal organic level analysis indicated that oral administration of CNFs stimulated and activated the functions of microbiota. These results indicate that oral administration of CNFs increases plasma levels of ATP and 5-HT via activation of gut microbiota. View Full-TextKeywords:
chitin nanofibers; surface-deacetylated chitin nanofibers; metabolome analysis; ATP; serotonin; acyl-carnitine; fatty acids
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Azuma, K.; Izumi, R.; Kawata, M.; Nagae, T.; Osaki, T.; Murahata, Y.; Tsuka, T.; Imagawa, T.; Ito, N.; Okamoto, Y.; Morimoto, M.; Izawa, H.; Saimoto, H.; Ifuku, S. Effects of Oral Administration of Chitin Nanofiber on Plasma Metabolites and Gut Microorganisms. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 21931-21949.
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