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Molecules
Volume 31
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10.3390/molecules31010012
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Templated Bipolar Host Materials for Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Devices with Negligible Efficiency Roll-Offs

by
Hong Huang
1,
Tao Hua
1,
Nengquan Li
1,
Youming Zhang
1,*,
Manli Huang
1,
Xiaolu Zhou
1,
Shaoqing Zhuang
2,* and
Guohua Xie
3,*
1
Institute of Technology for Future Industry, School of Science and Technology Instrument Application Engineering, Shenzhen University of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China
2
Wuhan Sunshine Optoelectronics Tech Co., Ltd., New Energy Building, No. 999 Gaoxin Avenue, Wuhan 430074, China
3
Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Institute of Future Display Technology, Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2026, 31(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31010012 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 17 November 2025 / Revised: 12 December 2025 / Accepted: 18 December 2025 / Published: 19 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Opportunities and Challenges in Organic Optoelectronic Materials)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Host engineering is one of the most efficient approaches to maximizing the electroluminescent performance of organic light-emitting devices. Herein, two carbazole-based N,N′-Dicarbazolyl-4,4′-biphenyl (CBP) derivatives, (9-(4′-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-(3-(1-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)-9H-carbazole (CBPmBI), and (9-(4′-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-9H-carbazol-3-yl)diphenylphosphine oxide (CBPPO), were designed as bipolar hosts for blue phosphorescent devices. By introducing the electron-withdrawing groups to the backbone of CBP, the bipolar hosts exhibited high triplet energy, enhanced thermal stability, and balanced charge transport. The device constructed with the blue guest emitter bis[2-(4,6-difluorophenyl) pyridinato-C2,N]iridium (III) (FIrpic) showed the excellent electroluminescence performance. For instance, the CBPPO-based devices achieved a maximum current efficiency of 28.0 cd/A, a power efficiency of 25.8 lm/W, and an external quantum efficiency of 14.4%. Notably, the external quantum efficiency retained at14.1% under the brightness of 5000 cd/m2, featuring the negligible efficiency roll-off.
Keywords: CBP derivatives; phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes; host materials; efficiency roll-offs CBP derivatives; phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes; host materials; efficiency roll-offs

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Huang, H.; Hua, T.; Li, N.; Zhang, Y.; Huang, M.; Zhou, X.; Zhuang, S.; Xie, G. Templated Bipolar Host Materials for Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Devices with Negligible Efficiency Roll-Offs. Molecules 2026, 31, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31010012

AMA Style

Huang H, Hua T, Li N, Zhang Y, Huang M, Zhou X, Zhuang S, Xie G. Templated Bipolar Host Materials for Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Devices with Negligible Efficiency Roll-Offs. Molecules. 2026; 31(1):12. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31010012

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huang, Hong, Tao Hua, Nengquan Li, Youming Zhang, Manli Huang, Xiaolu Zhou, Shaoqing Zhuang, and Guohua Xie. 2026. "Templated Bipolar Host Materials for Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Devices with Negligible Efficiency Roll-Offs" Molecules 31, no. 1: 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31010012

APA Style

Huang, H., Hua, T., Li, N., Zhang, Y., Huang, M., Zhou, X., Zhuang, S., & Xie, G. (2026). Templated Bipolar Host Materials for Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Devices with Negligible Efficiency Roll-Offs. Molecules, 31(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31010012

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