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Article

Bifunctional Systems of Amelanchier alnifolia Leaves Extract-Oligosacharides with Prebiotic and Antidiabetic Benefits

1
Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
2
Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznan, Poland
3
Department of Agronomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2025, 30(16), 3327; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163327
Submission received: 15 July 2025 / Revised: 5 August 2025 / Accepted: 6 August 2025 / Published: 8 August 2025

Abstract

Amelanchier alnifolia is a plant known for its nutritional and bioactive properties. Its leaves contain a high concentration of active compounds with significant antioxidant and antidiabetic effects, including strong α-glucosidase inhibitory potential. The combination of these bioactive leaf extracts with prebiotic substances, such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and chitooligosaccharides (COS), enables the development of functional systems with enhanced beneficial properties. In this study, process optimization for leaves extraction was performed using a Plackett–Burman screening design, which identified key parameters for further optimization using the Box–Behnken design. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: methanol content 58.06%, solid-to-solvent ratio 26.03 m/v, and extraction time 73.56 min. These conditions yielded the highest the total phenolic content (TPC). A comparative analysis of different cultivars revealed significant variations in polyphenol content among them. The formulated lyophilized systems with GOS, FOS and COS positively influenced the chlorogenic acid release profile, while maintaining the extract’s antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. FT-IR analysis confirmed the molecular interactions responsible for these effects. The prebiotic effectiveness of the systems was quantitatively evaluated using two key parameters: the prebiotic index (PI), and the prebiotic activity score (PAS). Microbiological analyses demonstrated the beneficial effects of prebiotic-enriched systems characterized by better prebiotic action on Bifidobacterium strains than the pure extract. These findings suggest that A. alnifolia leaf extracts, in combination with prebiotics, could serve as promising functional ingredients with potential applications in health-promoting and antidiabetic formulations.
Keywords: prebiotics; oligosaccharides; plant extracts; microbiome; gut health prebiotics; oligosaccharides; plant extracts; microbiome; gut health

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gościniak, A.; Sip, A.; Szulc, P.; Cielecka-Piontek, J. Bifunctional Systems of Amelanchier alnifolia Leaves Extract-Oligosacharides with Prebiotic and Antidiabetic Benefits. Molecules 2025, 30, 3327. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163327

AMA Style

Gościniak A, Sip A, Szulc P, Cielecka-Piontek J. Bifunctional Systems of Amelanchier alnifolia Leaves Extract-Oligosacharides with Prebiotic and Antidiabetic Benefits. Molecules. 2025; 30(16):3327. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163327

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gościniak, Anna, Anna Sip, Piotr Szulc, and Judyta Cielecka-Piontek. 2025. "Bifunctional Systems of Amelanchier alnifolia Leaves Extract-Oligosacharides with Prebiotic and Antidiabetic Benefits" Molecules 30, no. 16: 3327. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163327

APA Style

Gościniak, A., Sip, A., Szulc, P., & Cielecka-Piontek, J. (2025). Bifunctional Systems of Amelanchier alnifolia Leaves Extract-Oligosacharides with Prebiotic and Antidiabetic Benefits. Molecules, 30(16), 3327. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163327

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