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Volume 30
Issue 16
10.3390/molecules30163326
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Article

Evaluation of Chemical Composition, Acaricidal, and Repellent Activities of Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) Essential Oil Against Gall Mite Aceria pongamiae Keifer (Acarina: Eriophyidae)

by
Maneesha Kunnathattil
1,
Naduvilthara U. Visakh
2,
Berin Pathrose
2,
Thejass Punathil
1,
Archana Elamkulam Ravindran
3,
Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
4,* and
Sangeetha G. Kaimal
5,*
1
PG & Research Department of Zoology, Govt. College Madappally, Affiliated to University of Calicut, Calicut 673102, India
2
Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, India
3
Department of Botany, Providence Women’s College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Calicut, Kerala 673009, India
4
PG & Research Department of Zoology, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Affiliated to University of Calicut, Kerala 673008, India
5
Department of Zoology, Providence Women’s College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Calicut, Kerala 673009, India
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2025, 30(16), 3326; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163326
Submission received: 10 July 2025 / Revised: 1 August 2025 / Accepted: 7 August 2025 / Published: 8 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemical Composition and Bioactivities of Essential Oils, 3rd Edition)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The increasing environmental and health concerns about synthetic pesticides have compelled researchers to investigate more sustainable, plant-based substitutes for pest management. Due to their unique modes of action and biodegradability, essential oils (EOs) represent effective bio-pesticides. This study examines the biological activities of Artemisia vulgaris (Asteraceae) EO (AVEO) against Aceria pongamiae Keifer (Eriophyidae), a destructive gall mite on Pongamia pinnata (Fabaceae), using fumigation, contact toxicity, and repellency assays for the first time. AVEO was isolated through hydro-distillation, yielding 0.86 ± 0.14% v/w and analyzed by GC-MS/MS, with camphor (28.94%), 4-tert-butylaniline (19.79%), α-pinene (6.61%), eucalyptol (6.39%), fenchol (6.03%), and camphene (5.43%) identified as major constituents. The bioassay of fumigation (0.25–1 µL/mL air) showed LC50 values decreased significantly from 1.29 (24 h) to 0.43 µL/mL air (72 h), while LC50 values of contact toxicity bioassay (2.50–10 µL/mL) declined from 37.37 to 4.56 µL/mL over the same period. Repellency reached 86.11% (Class V) at 0.1 µL/mL (72 h), indicating intense concentration and time-dependent efficacy. These results indicate AVEO’s potential as a green acaricide, highlighting potent fumigant, contact, and repellent activities against A. pongamiae, positioning it as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic acaricides for sustainable pest control practices with reduced environmental degradation.
Keywords: Eriophyidae; Artemisia vulgaris; essential oil; acaricidal; repellency Eriophyidae; Artemisia vulgaris; essential oil; acaricidal; repellency

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kunnathattil, M.; Visakh, N.U.; Pathrose, B.; Punathil, T.; Ravindran, A.E.; Narayanankutty, A.; Kaimal, S.G. Evaluation of Chemical Composition, Acaricidal, and Repellent Activities of Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) Essential Oil Against Gall Mite Aceria pongamiae Keifer (Acarina: Eriophyidae). Molecules 2025, 30, 3326. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163326

AMA Style

Kunnathattil M, Visakh NU, Pathrose B, Punathil T, Ravindran AE, Narayanankutty A, Kaimal SG. Evaluation of Chemical Composition, Acaricidal, and Repellent Activities of Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) Essential Oil Against Gall Mite Aceria pongamiae Keifer (Acarina: Eriophyidae). Molecules. 2025; 30(16):3326. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163326

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kunnathattil, Maneesha, Naduvilthara U. Visakh, Berin Pathrose, Thejass Punathil, Archana Elamkulam Ravindran, Arunaksharan Narayanankutty, and Sangeetha G. Kaimal. 2025. "Evaluation of Chemical Composition, Acaricidal, and Repellent Activities of Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) Essential Oil Against Gall Mite Aceria pongamiae Keifer (Acarina: Eriophyidae)" Molecules 30, no. 16: 3326. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163326

APA Style

Kunnathattil, M., Visakh, N. U., Pathrose, B., Punathil, T., Ravindran, A. E., Narayanankutty, A., & Kaimal, S. G. (2025). Evaluation of Chemical Composition, Acaricidal, and Repellent Activities of Artemisia vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) Essential Oil Against Gall Mite Aceria pongamiae Keifer (Acarina: Eriophyidae). Molecules, 30(16), 3326. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163326

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