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Review

Characteristics and Key Features of Antimicrobial Materials and Associated Mechanisms for Diverse Applications

by
Aaruci Agarwalla
1,
Waleed Ahmed
2,*,
Ali H. Al-Marzouqi
1,
Tahir A. Rizvi
3,4,
Mushtaq Khan
3,4 and
Essam Zaneldin
5
1
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
2
Engineering Requirements Unit, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
3
Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
4
Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
5
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2023, 28(24), 8041; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28248041
Submission received: 12 October 2023 / Revised: 5 December 2023 / Accepted: 7 December 2023 / Published: 11 December 2023
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Abstract

Since the Fourth Industrial Revolution, three-dimensional (3D) printing has become a game changer in manufacturing, particularly in bioengineering, integrating complex medical devices and tools with high precision, short operation times, and low cost. Antimicrobial materials are a promising alternative for combating the emergence of unforeseen illnesses and device-related infections. Natural antimicrobial materials, surface-treated biomaterials, and biomaterials incorporated with antimicrobial materials are extensively used to develop 3D-printed products. This review discusses the antimicrobial mechanisms of different materials by providing examples of the most commonly used antimicrobial materials in bioengineering and brief descriptions of their properties and biomedical applications. This review will help researchers to choose suitable antimicrobial agents for developing high-efficiency biomaterials for potential applications in medical devices, packaging materials, biomedical applications, and many more.
Keywords: antimicrobial material; 3D printing; antibacterial; antiviral; antimicrobial mechanism; metals; polymers; ceramics; applications antimicrobial material; 3D printing; antibacterial; antiviral; antimicrobial mechanism; metals; polymers; ceramics; applications
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MDPI and ACS Style

Agarwalla, A.; Ahmed, W.; Al-Marzouqi, A.H.; Rizvi, T.A.; Khan, M.; Zaneldin, E. Characteristics and Key Features of Antimicrobial Materials and Associated Mechanisms for Diverse Applications. Molecules 2023, 28, 8041. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28248041

AMA Style

Agarwalla A, Ahmed W, Al-Marzouqi AH, Rizvi TA, Khan M, Zaneldin E. Characteristics and Key Features of Antimicrobial Materials and Associated Mechanisms for Diverse Applications. Molecules. 2023; 28(24):8041. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28248041

Chicago/Turabian Style

Agarwalla, Aaruci, Waleed Ahmed, Ali H. Al-Marzouqi, Tahir A. Rizvi, Mushtaq Khan, and Essam Zaneldin. 2023. "Characteristics and Key Features of Antimicrobial Materials and Associated Mechanisms for Diverse Applications" Molecules 28, no. 24: 8041. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28248041

APA Style

Agarwalla, A., Ahmed, W., Al-Marzouqi, A. H., Rizvi, T. A., Khan, M., & Zaneldin, E. (2023). Characteristics and Key Features of Antimicrobial Materials and Associated Mechanisms for Diverse Applications. Molecules, 28(24), 8041. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28248041

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