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Article

Fractionation of Arctic Brown Algae (Fucus vesiculosus) Biomass Using 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

by
Artyom V. Belesov
*,
Daria A. Lvova
,
Danil I. Falev
,
Ilya I. Pikovskoi
,
Anna V. Faleva
,
Nikolay V. Ul’yanovskii
,
Anton V. Ladesov
and
Dmitry S. Kosyakov
*
Laboratory of Natural Compound Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Core Facility Center ‘Arktika’, Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 163002 Arkhangelsk, Russia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2023, 28(22), 7596; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227596
Submission received: 26 October 2023 / Revised: 12 November 2023 / Accepted: 13 November 2023 / Published: 14 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomass and Waste Conversion and Valorization to Chemicals, Energy and Fuels)
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Abstract

Arctic brown algae are considered a promising industrial-scale source of bioactive sub-stances as polysaccharides, polyphenols, and low-molecular secondary metabolites. Conventional technologies for their processing are focused mainly on the isolation of polysaccharides and involve the use of hazardous solvents. In the present study a “green” approach to the fractionation of brown algae biomass based on the dissolution in ionic liquids (ILs) with 1-butil-3-methylimidazolium (bmim) cation with further sequential precipitation of polysaccharides and polyphenols with acetone and water, respectively, is proposed. The effects of IL cation nature, temperature, and treatment duration on the dissolution of bladderwrack (Fucus vesiculosus), yields of the fractions, and their chemical composition were studied involving FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, as well as size-exclusion chromatography and monosaccharide analysis. It was shown that the use of bmim acetate ensures almost complete dissolution of plant material after 24 h treatment at 150 °C and separate isolation of the polysaccharide mixture (alginates, cellulose, and fucoidan) and polyphenols (phlorotannins) with the yields of ~40 and ~10%, respectively. The near-quantitative extraction of polyphenolic fraction with the weight-average molecular mass of 10–20 kDa can be achieved even under mild conditions (80–100 °C). Efficient isolation of polysaccharides requires harsh conditions. Higher temperatures contribute to an increase in fucoidan content in the polysaccharide fraction.
Keywords: brown algae; Fucus vesiculosus; ionic liquids; 1-butil-3-methylimidazolium; biomass fractionation brown algae; Fucus vesiculosus; ionic liquids; 1-butil-3-methylimidazolium; biomass fractionation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Belesov, A.V.; Lvova, D.A.; Falev, D.I.; Pikovskoi, I.I.; Faleva, A.V.; Ul’yanovskii, N.V.; Ladesov, A.V.; Kosyakov, D.S. Fractionation of Arctic Brown Algae (Fucus vesiculosus) Biomass Using 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids. Molecules 2023, 28, 7596. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227596

AMA Style

Belesov AV, Lvova DA, Falev DI, Pikovskoi II, Faleva AV, Ul’yanovskii NV, Ladesov AV, Kosyakov DS. Fractionation of Arctic Brown Algae (Fucus vesiculosus) Biomass Using 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids. Molecules. 2023; 28(22):7596. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227596

Chicago/Turabian Style

Belesov, Artyom V., Daria A. Lvova, Danil I. Falev, Ilya I. Pikovskoi, Anna V. Faleva, Nikolay V. Ul’yanovskii, Anton V. Ladesov, and Dmitry S. Kosyakov. 2023. "Fractionation of Arctic Brown Algae (Fucus vesiculosus) Biomass Using 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids" Molecules 28, no. 22: 7596. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227596

APA Style

Belesov, A. V., Lvova, D. A., Falev, D. I., Pikovskoi, I. I., Faleva, A. V., Ul’yanovskii, N. V., Ladesov, A. V., & Kosyakov, D. S. (2023). Fractionation of Arctic Brown Algae (Fucus vesiculosus) Biomass Using 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids. Molecules, 28(22), 7596. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227596

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