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Article

Inhibition of Phytopathogenic and Beneficial Fungi Applying Silver Nanoparticles In Vitro

by
Ileana Vera-Reyes
1,
Josué Altamirano-Hernández
2,
Homero Reyes-de la Cruz
2,
Carlos A. Granados-Echegoyen
3,
Gerardo Loera-Alvarado
4,
Abimael López-López
5,
Luis A. Garcia-Cerda
6 and
Esperanza Loera-Alvarado
2,7,*
1
CONACYT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Depto. de Biociencias y Agrotecnología. Blvd, Enrique Reyna H. 140, Saltillo C.P. 25294, Coahuila, Mexico
2
Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Avenida Francisco J. Múgica S/N Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia C.P. 58030, Michoacán, Mexico
3
CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Centro de Estudios en Desarrollo Sustentable y Aprovechamiento de la Vida Silvestre (CEDESU), Av. Agustín Melgar, Colonia Buenavista, San Francisco de Campeche C.P. 24039, Campeche, Mexico
4
Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus San Luis Potosí, Innovación en Manejo de Recursos Naturales, Iturbide 73, Salinas de Hidalgo C.P. 78600, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
5
Tecnológico Nacional de México, Campus Instituto Tecnológico de la Zona Maya, Carretera Chetumal-Escárcena, Km. 21.5, Ejido Juan Sarabia C.P. 77965, Quintana Roo, Mexico
6
Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Depto. Materiales Avanzados. Blvd, Enrique Reyna H. 140, San José de los Cerritos, Saltillo C.P. 25294, Coahuila, Mexico
7
CONACYT-Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Avenida Francisco J. Múgica S/N Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia C.P. 58030, Michoacán, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2022, 27(23), 8147; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238147
Submission received: 28 September 2022 / Revised: 11 November 2022 / Accepted: 15 November 2022 / Published: 23 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Functional Nanomaterials: Design, Synthesis and Applications)
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Abstract

In the current research, our work measured the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) synthesized from Larrea tridentata (Sessé and Moc. ex DC.) on the mycelial growth and morphological changes in mycelia from different phytopathogenic and beneficial fungi. The assessment was conducted in Petri dishes, with Potato-Dextrose-Agar (PDA) as the culture medium; the AgNP concentrations used were 0, 60, 90, and 120 ppm. Alternaria solani and Botrytis cinerea showed the maximum growth inhibition at 60 ppm (70.76% and 51.75%). Likewise, Macrophomina spp. required 120 ppm of AgNP to achieve 65.43%, while Fusarium oxisporum was less susceptible, reaching an inhibition of 39.04% at the same concentration. The effect of silver nanoparticles was inconspicuous in Pestalotia spp., Colletotrichum gloesporoides, Phytophthora cinnamomi, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Trichoderma viridae fungi. The changes observed in the morphology of the fungi treated with nanoparticles were loss of definition, turgidity, and constriction sites that cause aggregations of mycelium, dispersion of spores, and reduced mycelium growth. AgNP could be a sustainable alternative to managing diseases caused by Alternaria solani and Macrophomina spp.
Keywords: nanotechnology; sustainable agriculture; phytopathogens nanotechnology; sustainable agriculture; phytopathogens

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vera-Reyes, I.; Altamirano-Hernández, J.; Reyes-de la Cruz, H.; Granados-Echegoyen, C.A.; Loera-Alvarado, G.; López-López, A.; Garcia-Cerda, L.A.; Loera-Alvarado, E. Inhibition of Phytopathogenic and Beneficial Fungi Applying Silver Nanoparticles In Vitro. Molecules 2022, 27, 8147. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238147

AMA Style

Vera-Reyes I, Altamirano-Hernández J, Reyes-de la Cruz H, Granados-Echegoyen CA, Loera-Alvarado G, López-López A, Garcia-Cerda LA, Loera-Alvarado E. Inhibition of Phytopathogenic and Beneficial Fungi Applying Silver Nanoparticles In Vitro. Molecules. 2022; 27(23):8147. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238147

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vera-Reyes, Ileana, Josué Altamirano-Hernández, Homero Reyes-de la Cruz, Carlos A. Granados-Echegoyen, Gerardo Loera-Alvarado, Abimael López-López, Luis A. Garcia-Cerda, and Esperanza Loera-Alvarado. 2022. "Inhibition of Phytopathogenic and Beneficial Fungi Applying Silver Nanoparticles In Vitro" Molecules 27, no. 23: 8147. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238147

APA Style

Vera-Reyes, I., Altamirano-Hernández, J., Reyes-de la Cruz, H., Granados-Echegoyen, C. A., Loera-Alvarado, G., López-López, A., Garcia-Cerda, L. A., & Loera-Alvarado, E. (2022). Inhibition of Phytopathogenic and Beneficial Fungi Applying Silver Nanoparticles In Vitro. Molecules, 27(23), 8147. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238147

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