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Article

Post-Consumer Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) Depolymerization by Yarrowia lipolytica: A Comparison between Hydrolysis Using Cell-Free Enzymatic Extracts and Microbial Submerged Cultivation

by
Julio Cesar Soares Sales
1,
Aline Machado de Castro
2,
Bernardo Dias Ribeiro
3 and
Maria Alice Zarur Coelho
3,*
1
Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149. Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
2
Divisão de Biotecnologia, Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, PETROBRAS, Av. Horácio Macedo, 950. Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil
3
Departamento de Engenharia Bioquímica, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149. Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2022, 27(21), 7502; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217502
Submission received: 18 September 2022 / Revised: 29 October 2022 / Accepted: 1 November 2022 / Published: 3 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biocatalysis and Enzymes in Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological Processes)
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Abstract

Several microorganisms have been reported as capable of acting on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) to some extent, such as Yarrowia lipolytica, which is a yeast known to produce various hydrolases of industrial interest. The present work aims to evaluate PET depolymerization by Y. lipolytica using two different strategies. In the first one, biocatalysts were produced during solid-state fermentation (SSF-YL), extracted and subsequently used for the hydrolysis of PET and bis(2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate) (BHET), a key intermediate in PET hydrolysis. Biocatalysts were able to act on BHET, yielding terephthalic acid (TPA) (131.31 µmol L−1), and on PET, leading to a TPA concentration of 42.80 µmol L−1 after 168 h. In the second strategy, PET depolymerization was evaluated during submerged cultivations of Y. lipolytica using four different culture media, and the use of YT medium ((w/v) yeast extract 1%, tryptone 2%) yielded the highest TPA concentration after 96 h (65.40 µmol L−1). A final TPA concentration of 94.3 µmol L−1 was obtained on a scale-up in benchtop bioreactors using YT medium. The conversion obtained in bioreactors was 121% higher than in systems with SSF-YL. The results of the present work suggest a relevant role of Y. lipolytica cells in the depolymerization process.
Keywords: Yarrowia lipolytica; lipase; plastics; Biocatalysis Yarrowia lipolytica; lipase; plastics; Biocatalysis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sales, J.C.S.; de Castro, A.M.; Ribeiro, B.D.; Coelho, M.A.Z. Post-Consumer Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) Depolymerization by Yarrowia lipolytica: A Comparison between Hydrolysis Using Cell-Free Enzymatic Extracts and Microbial Submerged Cultivation. Molecules 2022, 27, 7502. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217502

AMA Style

Sales JCS, de Castro AM, Ribeiro BD, Coelho MAZ. Post-Consumer Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) Depolymerization by Yarrowia lipolytica: A Comparison between Hydrolysis Using Cell-Free Enzymatic Extracts and Microbial Submerged Cultivation. Molecules. 2022; 27(21):7502. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217502

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sales, Julio Cesar Soares, Aline Machado de Castro, Bernardo Dias Ribeiro, and Maria Alice Zarur Coelho. 2022. "Post-Consumer Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) Depolymerization by Yarrowia lipolytica: A Comparison between Hydrolysis Using Cell-Free Enzymatic Extracts and Microbial Submerged Cultivation" Molecules 27, no. 21: 7502. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217502

APA Style

Sales, J. C. S., de Castro, A. M., Ribeiro, B. D., & Coelho, M. A. Z. (2022). Post-Consumer Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) Depolymerization by Yarrowia lipolytica: A Comparison between Hydrolysis Using Cell-Free Enzymatic Extracts and Microbial Submerged Cultivation. Molecules, 27(21), 7502. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217502

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