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Article

Phytochemical Investigation of New Algerian Lichen Species: Physcia Mediterranea Nimis

by
Marwa Kerboua
1,
Monia Ali Ahmed
1,
Nsevolo Samba
2,3,
Radhia Aitfella-Lahlou
2,4,5,
Lucia Silva
2,4,
Juan F. Boyero
6,
Cesar Raposo
6 and
Jesus Miguel Lopez Rodilla
2,4,*
1
Laboratory of Vegetal Biology and Environment, Biology Department, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba 23000, Algeria
2
Chemistry Department, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilha, Portugal
3
Department of Clinical Analysis and Public Health, University Kimpa Vita, Uige 77, Angola
4
Fiber Materials and Environmental Technologies (FibEnTech), University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
5
Laboratory of Valorisation and Conservation of Biological Resources, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University M’Hamed Bougara, Boumerdes 35000, Algeria
6
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Chemistry, Chromatographic and mass analysis service (NUCLEUS), University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2021, 26(4), 1121; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041121
Submission received: 21 January 2021 / Revised: 17 February 2021 / Accepted: 18 February 2021 / Published: 20 February 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Different Natural Plants)
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Abstract

The present study provides new data concerning the chemical characterisation of Physcia mediterranea Nimis, a rare Mediterranean species belonging to the family Physciaceae. The phytochemical screening was carried out using GC-MS, HPLC-ESI-MS-MS, and NMR techniques. Hot extraction of n-hexane was carried out, followed by separation of the part insoluble in methanol: wax (WA-hex), from the part soluble in methanol (ME-hex). GC-MS analysis of the ME-hex part revealed the presence of methylbenzoic acids such as sparassol and atraric acid and a diterpene with a kaurene skeleton which has never been detected before in lichen species. Out of all the compounds identified by HPLC-ESI-MS-MS, sixteen compounds are common between WA-hex and ME-hex. Most are aliphatic fatty acids, phenolic compounds and depsides. The wax part is characterised by the presence of atranorin, a depside of high biological value. Proton 1H and carbon 13C NMR have confirmed its identification. Atranol, chloroatranol (depsides compound), Ffukinanolide (sesquiterpene lactones), leprolomin (diphenyl ether), muronic acid (triterpenes), and ursolic acid (triterpenes) have also been identified in ME-hex. The results suggested that Physcia mediterranea Nimis is a valuable source of bioactive compounds that could be useful for several applications as functional foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Keywords: Algerian lichen; Physcia mediterranea Nimis; bioactive compounds; n-hexane extract; wax; GC-MS; HPLC-ESI-MS-MS; NMR Algerian lichen; Physcia mediterranea Nimis; bioactive compounds; n-hexane extract; wax; GC-MS; HPLC-ESI-MS-MS; NMR

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kerboua, M.; Ahmed, M.A.; Samba, N.; Aitfella-Lahlou, R.; Silva, L.; Boyero, J.F.; Raposo, C.; Lopez Rodilla, J.M. Phytochemical Investigation of New Algerian Lichen Species: Physcia Mediterranea Nimis. Molecules 2021, 26, 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041121

AMA Style

Kerboua M, Ahmed MA, Samba N, Aitfella-Lahlou R, Silva L, Boyero JF, Raposo C, Lopez Rodilla JM. Phytochemical Investigation of New Algerian Lichen Species: Physcia Mediterranea Nimis. Molecules. 2021; 26(4):1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041121

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kerboua, Marwa, Monia Ali Ahmed, Nsevolo Samba, Radhia Aitfella-Lahlou, Lucia Silva, Juan F. Boyero, Cesar Raposo, and Jesus Miguel Lopez Rodilla. 2021. "Phytochemical Investigation of New Algerian Lichen Species: Physcia Mediterranea Nimis" Molecules 26, no. 4: 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041121

APA Style

Kerboua, M., Ahmed, M. A., Samba, N., Aitfella-Lahlou, R., Silva, L., Boyero, J. F., Raposo, C., & Lopez Rodilla, J. M. (2021). Phytochemical Investigation of New Algerian Lichen Species: Physcia Mediterranea Nimis. Molecules, 26(4), 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26041121

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