Preclinical Investigation in Neuroprotective Effects of the GPR55 Ligand VCE-006.1 in Experimental Models of Parkinson’s Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Studies on PAM Activity of VCE-006.1
2.2. Studies in Experimental PD
2.3. Studies in Experimental ALS
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Synthesis and Characterization as PAM of VCE-006.1 in Cell-Based Assays
4.1.1. Determination of ERK 1/2 Activation
4.1.2. Ca2+ Mobilization Assay
4.1.3. cAMP Signaling Induced by GPR55 Activation
4.2. Animals and Cell Experiments
4.2.1. PD Experiments
4.2.2. ALS Experiments
4.3. Behavioral Recording
4.3.1. Pole Test
4.3.2. Cylinder Rearing Test
4.3.3. Neurological Score
4.3.4. Rotarod Test
4.3.5. Clasping Response
4.3.6. Hanging Wire Test
4.4. Histological Procedures
4.4.1. Tissue Slicing
4.4.2. Immunohistochemistry Analysis in the PD Experiment
4.4.3. Nissl Staining
4.4.4. Immunofluorescence Analysis in the ALS Experiment
4.5. Real Time qRT-PCR Analysis
4.6. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Burgaz, S.; García, C.; Gonzalo-Consuegra, C.; Gómez-Almería, M.; Ruiz-Pino, F.; Unciti, J.D.; Gómez-Cañas, M.; Alcalde, J.; Morales, P.; Jagerovic, N.; et al. Preclinical Investigation in Neuroprotective Effects of the GPR55 Ligand VCE-006.1 in Experimental Models of Parkinson’s Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Molecules 2021, 26, 7643. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247643
Burgaz S, García C, Gonzalo-Consuegra C, Gómez-Almería M, Ruiz-Pino F, Unciti JD, Gómez-Cañas M, Alcalde J, Morales P, Jagerovic N, et al. Preclinical Investigation in Neuroprotective Effects of the GPR55 Ligand VCE-006.1 in Experimental Models of Parkinson’s Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Molecules. 2021; 26(24):7643. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247643
Chicago/Turabian StyleBurgaz, Sonia, Concepción García, Claudia Gonzalo-Consuegra, Marta Gómez-Almería, Francisco Ruiz-Pino, Juan Diego Unciti, María Gómez-Cañas, Juan Alcalde, Paula Morales, Nadine Jagerovic, and et al. 2021. "Preclinical Investigation in Neuroprotective Effects of the GPR55 Ligand VCE-006.1 in Experimental Models of Parkinson’s Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis" Molecules 26, no. 24: 7643. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247643