Altered Volcanic Tuffs from Los Frailes Caldera. A Study of Their Pozzolanic Properties
1
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Minas y Energía, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Calle Ríos Rosas 21, 28003 Madrid, Spain
2
Laboratorio Oficial para Ensayos de Materiales de Construcción—LOEMCO, Calle Eric Kandel 1, 28906 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Giuseppe Cirillo
Molecules 2021, 26(17), 5348; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175348
Received: 15 August 2021
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Revised: 29 August 2021
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Accepted: 31 August 2021
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Published: 2 September 2021
This work presents the results of the study of the physical, chemical, mineralogical and pozzolanic properties of the altered volcanic tuffs (AVT) that lie in the Los Frailes caldera, south of the Iberian Peninsula, and demonstrates their qualities as pozzolans for the manufacturing of mortars and pozzolanic cements of high mechanical strength. The main objective of this research is to show to what extent the AVTs can replace portland cement (PC) in mortars, with standardised proportions of 75:25% and 70:30% (PC-AVT). To achieve these objectives, three AVT samples were studied by a petrographic analysis of thin section (PATS), DRX, FRX and MEB. The pozzolanic properties were determined by three methods: electrical conductivity (ECT), chemical pozzolanicity tests (CPT) at 8 and 15 days and mechanical strength tests (MS) of the specimens at 2, 7, 28 and 90 days. Studies of a PATS, DRX, FRX and MEB showed that the AVT samples’ constitutions are complex where smectite (montmorillonite), mordenite, quartz, halloysite, illite, kaolinite, volcanic glass and lithic fragments coexist. The results of the ECT and CPT tests confirmed the pozzolanic properties of the samples analysed and proved an increase in mechanical strength from 2 to 90 days of testing.
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Keywords:
altered volcanic tuff; pozzolanicity; mortar; cement; mechanical strength
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MDPI and ACS Style
Costafreda, J.L.; Martín, D.A.; Presa, L.; Parra, J.L. Altered Volcanic Tuffs from Los Frailes Caldera. A Study of Their Pozzolanic Properties. Molecules 2021, 26, 5348. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175348
AMA Style
Costafreda JL, Martín DA, Presa L, Parra JL. Altered Volcanic Tuffs from Los Frailes Caldera. A Study of Their Pozzolanic Properties. Molecules. 2021; 26(17):5348. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175348
Chicago/Turabian StyleCostafreda, Jorge L., Domingo A. Martín, Leticia Presa, and José L. Parra. 2021. "Altered Volcanic Tuffs from Los Frailes Caldera. A Study of Their Pozzolanic Properties" Molecules 26, no. 17: 5348. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26175348
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