Novel Antiretroviral Structures from Marine Organisms
University of Rijeka, Department of Biotechnology, Centre for high-throughput technologies, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Academic Editor: Kyoko Nakagawa-Goto
Molecules 2019, 24(19), 3486; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193486
Received: 2 September 2019
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Revised: 17 September 2019
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Accepted: 19 September 2019
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Published: 26 September 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antitumor and Anti-HIV Agents from Natural Products)
In spite of significant advancements and success in antiretroviral therapies directed against HIV infection, there is no cure for HIV, which scan persist in a human body in its latent form and become reactivated under favorable conditions. Therefore, novel antiretroviral drugs with different modes of actions are still a major focus for researchers. In particular, novel lead structures are being sought from natural sources. So far, a number of compounds from marine organisms have been identified as promising therapeutics for HIV infection. Therefore, in this paper, we provide an overview of marine natural products that were first identified in the period between 2013 and 2018 that could be potentially used, or further optimized, as novel antiretroviral agents. This pipeline includes the systematization of antiretroviral activities for several categories of marine structures including chitosan and its derivatives, sulfated polysaccharides, lectins, bromotyrosine derivatives, peptides, alkaloids, diterpenes, phlorotannins, and xanthones as well as adjuvants to the HAART therapy such as fish oil. We critically discuss the structures and activities of the most promising new marine anti-HIV compounds.
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
MDPI and ACS Style
Wittine, K.; Saftić, L.; Peršurić, Ž.; Kraljević Pavelić, S. Novel Antiretroviral Structures from Marine Organisms. Molecules 2019, 24, 3486. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193486
AMA Style
Wittine K, Saftić L, Peršurić Ž, Kraljević Pavelić S. Novel Antiretroviral Structures from Marine Organisms. Molecules. 2019; 24(19):3486. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193486
Chicago/Turabian StyleWittine, Karlo, Lara Saftić, Željka Peršurić, and Sandra Kraljević Pavelić. 2019. "Novel Antiretroviral Structures from Marine Organisms" Molecules 24, no. 19: 3486. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193486
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