Sequential Combination of Microwave- and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Osmanthus fragrans Lour. Flowers
1
Food Engineering & Machinery Group, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
2
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment &Technology, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2017, 22(12), 2216; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22122216
Received: 23 November 2017 / Revised: 11 December 2017 / Accepted: 12 December 2017 / Published: 13 December 2017
(This article belongs to the Collection Bioactive Compounds)
Microwave-assisted and ultrasound-assisted extraction assays were used to isolate total flavonoids (TF) from Osmanthus fragrans flowers. The effects of the solid-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration, microwave power, microwave extraction time, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic extraction time on the yield of TF were studied. A sequential combination of microwave- and ultrasound-assisted extraction (SC-MUAE) methods was developed, which was subsequently optimized by Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology (BBD-RSM). The interaction effects of the ethanol concentration (40–60%), microwave extraction time (5–7 min), ultrasonic extraction time (8–12 min) and ultrasonic power (210–430 W) on the yield of TF were investigated. The optimum operating parameters for the extraction of TF were determined to be as follows: ethanol concentration (48.15%), microwave extraction time (6.43 min), ultrasonic extraction time (10.09 min) and ultrasonic power (370.9 W). Under these conditions, the extraction yield of TF was 7.86 mg/g.
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Keywords:
Osmanthus fragrans Lour. flower; total flavonoids; microwave-assisted extraction; ultrasound-assisted extraction; response surface methodology
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Yu, J.; Lou, Q.; Zheng, X.; Cui, Z.; Fu, J. Sequential Combination of Microwave- and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Osmanthus fragrans Lour. Flowers. Molecules 2017, 22, 2216.
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