Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanoparticles for Bacterial Inhibition: Synthesis and Characterization of Doped and Undoped ONPs with Ag/Au NPs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Optical Properties of ONPs, ONPs/Ag and ONPs/Au
2.2. Antibacterial Activities of ONPs, ONPs/Ag and ONPs/Au
Inhibitor | Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) [44] [mmol/L] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Gram (+) | Gram (−) | |||
Bacillus. cereus | Staphylococcus aureus | Escherichia coli | Salmonella typhi | |
ONPs | 0.31 ± 0.04 | 0.39 ± 0.03 | 0.39 ± 0.05 | 0.39 ± 0.04 |
ONPs/Ag | 0.26 ± 0.05 | 0.26 ± 0.05 | 0.22 ± 0.02 | 0.22 ± 0.03 |
ONPs/Au | 0.39 ± 0.11 | 0.44 ± 0.02 | 0.44 ± 0.09 | 0.44 ± 0..04 |
Ag-NPs | 0.17 ± 0.04 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.05 |
Au-NPs | 1.76 ± 0.05 | 1.82 ± 0.05 | 1.28 ± 0.07 | 1.12 ± 0.09 |
Inhibition Zone Diameter (mm) * | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material | Concentration [44] | Bacillus cereus | Staphylococcus aureus | Escherichia coli | Salmonella typhi |
ONPs | 5.0 | NP | NP | NP | NP |
ONPs/Ag | 5.0 | 7.0 ± 0.16 | 7.6 ± 0.12 | 9.3 ± 0.13 | 9.0 ± 0.10 |
ONPs/Ag | 0.5 | 7.0 ± 0.11 | 8 ± 0.09 | 9.7 ± 0.12 | 9.3 ± 0.08 |
ONPs/Au | 5.0 | 12.0 ± 0.21 | 11 ± 0.10 | 13 ± 0.14 | 13 ± 0.11 |
Ag-NPs | 5.0 | - | - | - | - |
Au-NPs | 5.0 | - | - | - | - |
2.3. Computational Procedure
Molecular Orbital | Energy (eV) | ||
---|---|---|---|
LA | Ag-LA | Au-LA | |
LUMO+3 | 0.001 | 0.490 | −0.288 |
LUMO+2 | −0.027 | 0.005 | −0.620 |
LUMO+1 | −0.310 | −0.599 | −2.637 |
LUMO | −1.361 | −1.551 | −3.371 |
ΔE(HOMO-LUMO) | 4.446 | 4.136 | 2.433 |
HOMO | −5.807 | −5.687 | −5.804 |
ΔE(HOMO-HOMO-1) | 1.951 | 0.272 | 0.822 |
HOMO-1 | −7.758 | −5.959 | −6.626 |
HOMO-2 | −8.073 | −6.476 | −7.227 |
HOMO-3 | −8.696 | −7.456 | −7.978 |
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Materials and Methods
3.2. Equipment
3.3. Experimental Procedures: Organic Nanoparticles (ONPs)
3.4. Gold Doped-Organic Nanocomposites (ONPs/Au)
3.5. Silver-Organic Nanocomposites (ONPs/Ag)
3.6. Gold and Silver Nanoparticles
3.7. Standardization of Inoculum Suspension
3.8. Antibacterial Studies
3.9. Microbiological Qualitative Assays
3.10. Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC)
3.11. Morphological Analysis of Bacterial Cells Treatment with NPs
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Aguilar, C.A.H.; Jiménez, A.B.P.; Silva, A.R.; Kaur, N.; Thangarasu, P.; Ramos, J.M.V.; Singh, N. Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanoparticles for Bacterial Inhibition: Synthesis and Characterization of Doped and Undoped ONPs with Ag/Au NPs. Molecules 2015, 20, 6002-6021. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20046002
Aguilar CAH, Jiménez ABP, Silva AR, Kaur N, Thangarasu P, Ramos JMV, Singh N. Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanoparticles for Bacterial Inhibition: Synthesis and Characterization of Doped and Undoped ONPs with Ag/Au NPs. Molecules. 2015; 20(4):6002-6021. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20046002
Chicago/Turabian StyleAguilar, Carlos Alberto Huerta, Adriana Berenice Pérez Jiménez, Antonio Romero Silva, Navneet Kaur, Pandiyan Thangarasu, Jorge Manuel Vázquez Ramos, and Narinder Singh. 2015. "Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanoparticles for Bacterial Inhibition: Synthesis and Characterization of Doped and Undoped ONPs with Ag/Au NPs" Molecules 20, no. 4: 6002-6021. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20046002