Search Results (1,169)

Background: Herpes zoster (HZ), commonly known as shingles, and post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) represent growing public health concerns, particularly among older adults. Despite the established efficacy of the herpes zoster vaccine (HZV), global uptake remains suboptimal. Objectives: This scoping review maps evidence from Saudi Arabia evaluating the baseline knowledge, awareness, attitudes, acceptance, hesitancy, and clinical uptake of the HZV among general adults, high-risk populations, and healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods: The JBI and PRISMA-ScR methodological frameworks were strictly adhered to during mapping. Eligible sources included peer-reviewed, observational cross-sectional studies conducted in Saudi Arabia and published in English between 2022 and 2026. The search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Data were systematically extracted and charted using a standardized digital piloting framework to capture study characteristics (author, year, and region), sample sizes, target populations, knowledge percentages, actual vaccine uptake rates, and self-reported barriers. Results: Out of 25 retrieved records, 19 unique primary studies were mapped. Public knowledge of HZ complications and vaccine eligibility criteria was consistently low to moderate, falling below 50% across most cohorts. Conversely, while verbal willingness to receive the vaccine was highly favorable (ranging from 60% to 75%), a profound “intention–behavior gap” was observed, with actual clinical uptake being below 10%. Key barriers included a lack of public health campaigns, safety concerns regarding reactogenicity, online misinformation, and a lack of proactive provider communication. For HCWs, barriers included unclear local guidelines and a lack of workplace mandates. Ultimately, a proactive physician recommendation was identified as the single most powerful clinical facilitator, increasing vaccine acceptance by over 80% across all cohorts. Conclusions: While the shingles vaccine is now distributed completely free across Saudi Arabia, high public willingness has not translated into actual vaccination rates (10%) due to low public awareness of disease severity. Free vaccine availability alone is insufficient; primary care systems must shift from a passive delivery model to an active, provider-driven framework to successfully close this gap Full article

The aim of the present study is to propose a new mathematical model of compartment type for an epidemic problem using fractional order derivatives. This epidemic model takes into account vaccination, hospitalization, asymptomatic infection, and health awareness programs. Caputo fractional derivatives are used to model the temporal non-locality of epidemic phenomena in the proposed model. The qualitative analysis of the model includes the characterization of equilibrium points and their stability. The disease-free equilibrium (DFE) is shown to be locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number $R_0<1$, and unstable otherwise. Conversely, an endemic equilibrium emerges when $R_0>1$, corresponding to the instability of the DFE. Periodic oscillation is observed for a higher rate of infection transmission. A fractional optimal control problem is formulated to minimize disease prevalence through vaccination, hospitalization, and treatment strategies, supported by sustained awareness campaigns. The results emphasize the role of vaccination, treatment and awareness campaign in controlling Mpox outbreaks, showing their success in minimizing the epidemic. In addition, a fractional optimal control model is proposed to reduce disease prevalence using preventive measures such as vaccinations and treatments coupled with awareness impacts. From these results, one can clearly understand that vaccinations and continuous public health awareness are essential in reducing Mpox cases, which help flatten epidemic trends. Full article

Background/Objectives: Vaccine hesitancy is a complex and growing phenomenon worldwide, posing a serious threat to public health achievement in disease control and prevention. This study aimed to assess willingness to uptake and factors linked to shifts between different categories of willingness and uptake regarding the COVID-19 and influenza vaccines. Methods: Prospective cohort study with a representative sample of 1400 individuals aged ≥60 years residing in mainland Portugal, randomly selected. Two telephone surveys were conducted: one at the start of the 2023/2024 vaccination campaign, assessing patients’ characteristics and willingness for vaccination (using an 11-point Likert scale), and another at the end, assessing vaccination status and reasons for uptake/non-uptake. Results: Shifts were observed among both acceptance and refusal groups—12.93% of the individuals within these categories shifted to an opposite decision. Hesitancy presents divergent attitudes: for the COVID-19 vaccine, 56.50% declined vaccination, while for the influenza vaccine, non-uptake was only 30.60%. Age, presence of chronic disease, level of education, household dimension, and previous uptake of booster doses are significantly associated with shifting attitudes, playing different roles for each category of willingness and uptake outcome. For the acceptance category, non-uptake relates to confidence factors. For hesitancy, non-uptake is mainly due to complacency. For refusal, the decision is influenced by all domains. Conclusions: Vaccine hesitancy remains an important public health concern in the Portuguese population and appears to differ between COVID-19 and influenza vaccination. Attitudes toward COVID-19 and influenza vaccines can vary in all directions over a short period. Acceptance does not guarantee uptake, and refusal can shift towards uptake. These findings highlight the importance of reinforcing public health strategies and interventions for uptake across a population, taking into consideration the specificities of each willingness group. Full article

Introduction: The WHO African Region is working to eliminate measles and rubella in 80% of countries by 2030. In countries with sub-optimal routine immunization coverage, periodic supplemental Immunization Activities (SIAs) are implemented to boost childhood immunity against measles and rubella. Methods: We reviewed the SIA technical reports and reports from post-campaign surveys shared by countries with the WHO Regional Office for Africa, and we analyzed the coverage data from preventive measles campaigns implemented during the years 2001–2025. Results: A total of 326 preventive measles/measles–rubella SIAs were implemented across 44 countries in the years 2001–2025, providing more than 1.5 billion doses of vaccine to eligible children according to the type and scale of the campaigns. Four fifths (82%) of the SIAs were nationwide exercises, and all of the SIAs were implemented as non-selective vaccination campaigns targeting all eligible children irrespective of past vaccination history, with the exception of four SIAs. The 95% administrative SIA coverage target at national level was met in 209 SIAs (64.7%). At district level, 11 of 164 SIAs had 100% of districts attaining 95% administrative coverage. Only 94 SIAs (29%) were followed by post-campaign coverage survey, and only 18 (19%) of these attained coverage of 95% or more by survey. Nearly two thirds (62%) of the 272 SIAs implemented during 2006–2025 had at least one additional intervention included with the measles/MR vaccination. Discussion: Measles and MR vaccination campaigns have served as excellent opportunities for providing integrated child survival interventions in the African Region. While two thirds of the SIAs met the national administrative coverage target, district-level coverage targets were not met in the majority of the SIAs, and only one fifth of the SIAs met the national-level survey coverage targets. Moreover, discrepancies were noted between administrative and survey coverage results, possibly due to inaccuracies in the reporting of the number of doses administered and/or reliance on inaccurate denominators. For optimal impact, SIAs need to adequately reach unreached populations. Conclusions: In view of the documented sub-optimal coverage, countries should provide strong leadership and ownership of the measles elimination strategies for the attainment of the SIA coverage targets as well as the overall measles and rubella elimination goal. There is an urgent need for improved tools to identify unvaccinated children, high-risk populations, and innovative strategies to reach them. All countries implementing SIAs should also include systematic monitoring of zero-dose children, and conduct post-campaign coverage surveys in a timely manner. Full article

Background: The International Agency for Research on Cancer estimated around 3197 annual deaths along with 5008 newly diagnosed cases of cervical cancer in Pakistan. Worldwide, introduced in 164 WHO member states, the HPV vaccine provides over ninety percent (90%) protection from human papillomavirus (16 & 18 types) infections. This article intended to document the vaccine (HPV) introduction in a low-middle-income country through the lens of EPI preparedness, vaccination coverage achieved, community acceptance, and implementation challenges during Phase I. Methodology: The research applied a qualitative and quantitative mix method to review the intricate procedure of new vaccine rollout within the national context. A qualitative participant observation approach assessed the planning, approval, and implementation phases of the HPV vaccine. Quantitative data statistics were evaluated for national & regional vaccination coverages, rapid convenience assessment findings, and adverse events reports. Results: The overall reported administrative HPV campaign coverage was 75%, with the maximum regional coverage of 81% by the Punjab, followed by 66% of the Sindh, 43% by the Azad Jammu & Kashmir, and 38% by the Islamabad. Rapid Convenience Assessment findings highlighted the main reasons for refusal (71%), with unavailable girls during the campaign (22%) for non-HPV vaccination. Community acceptance varied across the regions, with notable challenges in implementation being observed. Discussion & Way Forward: Initial phase campaign coverage (70.6%) was greater than the worldwide reported first dose mean coverage (61.6%) for the same multi-age cohort, indicative of an encouraging start in resource limited setting. Documented coverage was below the high-performing countries but comparable to multiple low and middle-income countries. Federal Directorate of Immunization, in collaboration with provincial EPI stakeholders, should prioritize including the newly introduced HPV vaccine in the routine immunization schedule of the Phase I regions and should also implement the lessons learned in the subsequent rollout phases in 2026 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and 2027 in Balochistan & Gilgit Baltistan. Expanding fixed EPI sites for HPV vaccination, promoting school-centered vaccination, rationalizing outreach in marginalized areas, sustaining the cold chain system, implementing a culturally acceptable communication plan, and resolving internet connectivity challenges are the key strategies to address implementation challenges. Full article

Objectives: This study aims to assess the acceptance of vaccinations among pregnant women, particularly against influenza, pertussis, COVID-19, and RSV, and to identify factors influencing their willingness to get vaccinated. It also seeks to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal attitudes and behaviors regarding vaccination. Methods: The analysis involved a review of existing literature and studies to evaluate the level of vaccine acceptance among pregnant women before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy, including misinformation, lack of knowledge, and the influence of healthcare professionals, were examined. Results: The findings indicated that, despite scientific evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of vaccines during pregnancy, public concerns remain about their impact on the developing fetus. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has increased awareness of the risk of infectious diseases, but at the same time, its impact on vaccination rates among pregnant women is ambiguous and geographically diverse. Misinformation and decreased access to healthcare during the pandemic negatively affected vaccine uptake. Trustworthy information provided by healthcare professionals emerged as a key factor in promoting vaccine acceptance. Conclusions: To improve vaccination rates among pregnant women, it is essential to provide clear, evidence-based information through healthcare professionals, particularly those directly caring for pregnant women. Educational campaigns should address concerns calmly and without judgment, emphasizing the safety and benefits of vaccinations. Enhanced access to healthcare and vaccinations, along with strategic information dissemination, can significantly improve vaccine acceptance during pregnancy. Lessons learned from past pandemics should be incorporated into the development of healthcare strategies aimed at implementing recommended vaccinations for pregnant women in the future. Full article

Background: Cervical cancer is among the most common cancers affecting women worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. In Saudi Arabia, most cases are diagnosed at a late stage despite the availability of free HPV vaccination and screening. Objectives: To identify Saudi women’s perceptions of the HPV vaccine using the Health Belief Model, estimate willingness to receive the HPV vaccine and the factors influencing it, assess uptake of Pap smear and HPV vaccine, and define barriers to both practices. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 1334 Saudi women aged 16 to 65 years, from all regions of Saudi Arabia, was conducted. Data were collected via an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic characteristics, beliefs about the HPV vaccine based on the Health Belief Model, vaccine hesitancy, and HPV vaccine and Pap smear uptake. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 29. Results: Only 6% completed their vaccination series or received at least one dose; 37.3% planned to get vaccinated; and 56.7% stated they do not intend to get vaccinated. The main reasons for vaccine refusal were lack of trust (41.8%) and fear of side effects (32.3%). Only 21% had undergone Pap smear testing, with barriers including embarrassment and fear. Among the HBM constructs, perceived susceptibility, benefits, and barriers remained statistically significant predictors of HPV vaccination. Increased perceived susceptibility and benefits raise the likelihood of accepting the HPV vaccine, while higher perceived barriers lessen it. Vaccine hesitancy had a significant negative effect on willingness to receive the HPV vaccine (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.69–0.90, p < 0.01). Additionally, Pap smear uptake was an independent predictor of the intent to get the HPV vaccine (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.25–2.54, p < 0.01). The independent factors influencing HPV vaccine uptake were largely similar to those affecting the willingness to receive the vaccine, except for age, perceived benefits, and Pap smear uptake. Conclusions: There is a gap between Saudi women’s intention to get HPV vaccinated and actual vaccination. Women who saw a high risk of HPV-related cancer, believed in vaccine efficacy, had a Pap smear, and were open to vaccination were more likely to vaccinate. Hesitant women and those perceiving barriers were less likely to vaccinate or consider it. The main gaps for future campaigns are perceptions of HPV severity and cultural factors influencing decision-making. Emphasizing HPV as a cancer-related virus rather than a sexually transmitted infection can reduce barriers and highlight its severity. Full article

Objective: To identify demographic, clinical, and behavioural determinants of COVID-19 vaccination and antiviral uptake in Australia using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) framework with psychometric validation and LASSO-enhanced variable selection. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the 2024 KAB BREATHE survey (n = 5177) of Australian adults, intentionally enriched for risk-stacked (more than 1 chronic condition). Primary outcomes included 2023/2024 COVID-19 booster receipt, future vaccine intentions, vaccine/antiviral beliefs and antiviral uptake. Predictors included demographics, chronic conditions, and domain-specific leave-one-out (LOO) COM-B scores standardised to mean = 0, SD = 1. COM-B domains were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were complemented by LASSO penalised logistic regression with 10-fold cross-validation. Results: Among 5177 Australian adults, the mean age was 51.5 years (SD 16.5), 61.4% (3179/5177) were female, and 70.3% (3638/5177) were classified as risk-stacked. Booster uptake declined sharply from 50.8% (2023) to 19.1% (2024). Cronbach’s alpha showed poor internal consistency for Capability (α = 0.006) and Opportunity (α = −0.383) but was acceptable for full Motivation (α = 0.78). In adjusted models, age (aOR 1.02–1.03 per year), medically associated risk factors (aOR 1.66–3.51), and tertiary education (aOR 1.34–1.79) consistently predicted higher uptake and intention. Renting (aOR 0.59–0.78) and current employment (likely inversely associated with age) (aOR 0.73–0.83) were associated with lower uptake across all vaccine outcomes. Adding LOO COM-B scores substantially improved model fit (e.g., 2024 booster AUC 0.73→0.83); Motivation per SD was the strongest predictor (aOR 2.44–4.94 for vaccine outcomes, 1.52–2.49 for antivirals). LASSO models achieved CV-AUCs of 0.78–0.87. Among COVID-positive respondents (n = 2576), only 15.2% received antiviral treatment. Conclusions: Age, clinical risk, and socioeconomic factors, particularly housing tenure and employment status, are key drivers of COVID-19 preventive behaviours (either positively or negatively). The COM-B framework, when corrected for circular prediction and validated via Cronbach’s alpha and LASSO, provides substantial explanatory value. Targeted interventions should address structural barriers faced by renters and younger, employed individuals while leveraging high motivation among older adults and clinically vulnerable groups. Implications for Public Health: These findings support a shift from knowledge-based campaigns towards equity-focused, multi-level public health strategies that address structural barriers to COVID-19 vaccination and antiviral access in Australia. Full article

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a viral zoonosis endemic in Madagascar, threatening human and animal health as well as the economy. Trade-related livestock movements are a major factor in the spread of RVF virus. While previous RVF research in Madagascar has focused on farmers or general ecology, this study is the first to specifically target livestock traders, the primary drivers for long-distance viral spread, in the Alaotra Mangoro endemic hotspot. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, prevailing attitudes and current practices regarding RVF among people engaged in livestock trade in the Alaotra Mangoro region, as well as the factors associated with these KAPs. A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional survey was conducted among 406 livestock traders in five districts of the Alaotra Mangoro region, using a structured questionnaire. A multi-stage sampling approach was employed, utilising purposive selection of markets followed by snowball sampling to reach informal traders often missed by traditional surveys. Generalised linear mixed models were used to analyse factors associated with KAPs regarding RVF. Awareness of RVF was very low (only 18.5% respondents had heard of it), with significant regional disparities (0% in Anosibe An’Ala versus 51.6% in Moramanga). Veterinarians (15.5%), family (12.8%), radio (9.6%) and neighbours (9.6%) were the main sources of information. Understanding of symptoms and modes of transmission (particularly mosquito bites) was limited. Higher levels of education (OR = 181.6; 95% CI: 29.9–1123.7; p < 0.001) and older age (50–60 years) were associated with better knowledge. Proactive attitudes were scarce (21.4%), although more than half (53.4%) believed that RVF is a real disease. Perception of personal risk and the contribution of livestock trade to the spread of the disease was low. However, confidence in animal vaccination was relatively high (60.3%). Preventive practices were highly inadequate. The majority did not wear protective equipment when handling sick animals (94.6%) and rarely avoided touching aborted foetuses (12.6%). Less than half (48.3%) expressed a willingness to report sick or dead animals, and nearly half admitted to having sold or purchased sick livestock (49.5%). Cooking meat (95.1%) and using mosquito nets (74.1%) were the only well-established practices. More than half of respondents (57.9%) lived more than 5 km from veterinary services, and cost was the most frequently cited barrier to consultation. Participation in awareness campaigns was virtually non-existent (5.4%). Results revealed critical gaps in KAP that may contribute to the persistence of RVF. A “One Health” approach is imperative, integrating human, animal and environmental health. Full article

Vaccine hesitancy—which can be defined as a delay in acceptance or the refusal to get vaccinated—has substantially increased over the past decade. This study introduces a computational and qualitative approach designed to efficiently classify stance and uncover narratives in social media discourse without relying on extensive manual annotation. Using 298,356 COVID-19 vaccine-related X posts geolocated to South Carolina (June 2021–May 2022), zero-shot and few-shot learning with instruction-tuned large language models (Mistral-7B, Meta-Llama-3.1, and DeepSeek-7B) was applied for stance detection while Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was used for topic modeling. The topic modeling identified five dominant themes in vaccine hesitant conversations: skepticism of vaccine efficacy, comparative framing, scientific justification, disapproval of regulations, and distrust. Temporal analysis revealed that skepticism peaked during late 2021, coinciding with booster campaigns and mandate debates. These findings suggest that vaccine hesitancy is influenced through complex rhetorical strategies rather than misinformation alone. These underlying narratives often frame skepticism as rational and evidence-based, using scientific language and statistical reasoning to challenge the effectiveness of vaccines. Full article

Background: Despite the availability of safe vaccines, Ethiopia’s human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake remains suboptimal, particularly among out-of-school girls (OOSGs). This study examines the effect of multi-channel demand generation messages in two districts to determine which interventions most effectively improve uptake. Methods: A convergent mixed-methods design was employed across four districts in the Somali and South Ethiopia regions, with Jigjiga and Derashe serving as intervention sites and Gode and Kolango Zuria as controls. For the quantitative component, 950 sample households were recruited using cluster sampling. The qualitative inquiry involved 27 in-depth interviews (IDIs) and 16 focus group discussions (FGDs) within the intervention sites. Results: A total of 950 caregivers and 1134 girls completed the survey. Awareness was significantly higher among caregivers (AOR: 4.42; 95% CI: (3.06, 6.39)) and girls (AOR: 7.63; 95% CI: (3.49, 16.67)) in intervention sites, as well as among in-school girls (AOR: 13.46; 95% CI: (4.09, 41.90)). The mean vaccination coverage reached 71%, with significantly higher rates in intervention sites (AOR: 4.07; 95% CI: (2.29, 7.23)) and among in-school girls (AOR: 47.16; 95% CI: (20.23, 109.9)). Interpersonal communication—via teachers, peers, community health workers and vehicle-mounted promotion—was more effective in influencing awareness, attitude and uptake. Barriers for OOSGs included limited access to vaccination sites, low campaign awareness, misconceptions and gender-related issues. Conclusions: Appropriate demand generation strategies effectively enhance HPV awareness and vaccine uptake, yet a significant equity gap remains, as only one-third of OOSGs received the vaccine compared with 85% of in-school girls. Targeted interventions are recommended for OOSGs focused on both access to service and context-specific demand creation to address this disparity. Full article

Background: Older adults (aged 65 and older) faced a disproportionate burden of mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet substantial geographical and sociodemographic disparities in vaccine uptake persisted within this vulnerable population. Objective: To examine the temporal dynamics of COVID-19 vaccination rates among older adults and investigate the association between vaccination uptake and neighborhood-level social determinants of health (SDOHs), including disability and poverty. Methods: COVID-19 vaccination data for older adult residents in Jefferson County, Kentucky, were obtained from the Kentucky Immunization Registry (KYIR). ZIP-code-level vaccination rates were calculated at three time points: 28 February 2021 (Q1), 31 May 2021 (Q2), and 31 May 2022 (Q6). The rates were linked to 2021 American Community Survey (ACS) ZIP code-level estimates of disability, poverty, and household composition. Two-dose COVID-19 vaccination rates stratified by race, ethnicity, and geographic region were used as outcome measures. Pearson correlation coefficients, bivariate, and multivariate linear models were used to estimate the association between COVID-19 vaccination rates and the SDOHs at the ZIP code level. Results: Among the estimated 139,222 older adults, overall two-dose vaccination rates rose from 22.4% in Q1 to 77.5% by Q6. Significant regional disparities were observed early in the campaign, with Q1 rates ranging from 12.6% in the Southwest to 35.4% in the Inner East county regions. Bivariate analyses showed ZIP-code-level disability and poverty rates were negatively associated with ZIP-code-level vaccination uptake in Q1 (disability slope: −0.38; 95% CI, −0.63 to −0.13; poverty slope: −0.36; 95% CI, −0.65 to −0.07). By Q6, the negative association between disability and vaccination had weakened significantly and was no longer statistically significant, while the negative association between poverty rate and vaccination rate remained persistent across all time points. Conclusions: The disability-associated gaps in older adults’ vaccination rates were dynamic and narrowed over time, whereas the poverty-associated gaps remained persistent and static. The low uptake observed among Black and Hispanic older adults in historically underserved areas suggests that understanding the specific factors that most negatively associate with vaccination rates in these populations, such as specific disabilities, may mitigate structural barriers. Future public health interventions should prioritize socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods and account for the evolving association of functional impairments and healthcare access. Full article

Background/Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic imposed logistical challenges on health systems, particularly for mass vaccination campaigns under emergency conditions. In decentralized health systems, the absence of a structured preparedness phase may compromise coordination, allocation, and operational performance. This study analyzes the vaccination campaign in a municipality in southern Brazil, examining how the overlap of the preparedness and response phases affected outcomes and how alternative logistical scenarios could have altered campaign performance. Methods: An empirical analysis was conducted using scenario-based simulation with stock and flow structures. The model represents vaccine procurement, distribution across national, state, regional, and municipal levels, and municipal vaccination capacity. Real data from the 2021 vaccination campaign in the municipality were used to build a Business-as-Usual scenario, compared with alternative scenarios involving changes in procurement predictability, allocation rules, and operational capacity. Results: Vaccination outcomes were strongly conditioned by upstream allocation decisions, particularly at the national state level. Isolated adjustments at intermediate supply chain levels produced limited improvements when upstream constraints persisted. Scenarios combining improved alignment between forecasted and acquired doses with operational capacity showed higher vaccination potential, revealing a gap between observed performance and system capacity. Conclusions: The findings reinforce that preparedness is a critical determinant of vaccination performance and must precede response in emergency contexts. Supply predictability alone is insufficient without coordinated allocation mechanisms and operational readiness across governance levels. This study provides empirical evidence on how preparation-related decisions shape vaccination outcomes in decentralized health systems and inform logistical coordination in future emergencies. Full article

Background/Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major concern in public health, given its role as a persistent sexually transmitted infection and a causative agent of non-cancerous and cancerous lesions (neoplasms). The increasing infection rates observed in recent years underscore the need for effective public health measures to address this issue. The objective of this study is to describe the challenges and the results of conducting vaccination campaigns within a university setting and its impact on the HPV vaccination rate. Methods: A multifaceted approach was adopted, entailing the implementation of two distinct interventions. Following the promotional and educational online campaign (described elsewhere), vaccination delivery took place from November 2024 to July 2025 in the university campus and in three university hospitals in Milan. Overall and covariate-specific drop-out rate is calculated; significance is tested through a chi-square test of homogeneity between the population that completed less than three doses vs. those who completed the full cycle. Overall and vaccine-specific vaccination proportion is reported. Results: The vaccination rate for first doses reached 92% of available appointments, with a slight female majority (50.9%) and the 23–26 age as the most represented group (47%). The most represented nationality was Italian (58.4%), followed by Iranian (26.5%). Regarding the vaccination sites, the university venue recorded the highest rates in terms of both vaccines booked (56.4%) and vaccines administered (64.7%). With a net loss in follow up, consistent with WHO data, the three-dose HPV vaccination campaign was completed by 82.5% of participants. A chi-squared test of homogeneity revealed significant differences in age distribution between vaccination groups, χ² (3) = 347.78, p < 0.001, Cramér’s V = 0.457. Participants who received only one dose were predominantly younger (17–22 years: 71.1% vs. 19.0%, difference = 52.1 percentage points, 95% CI [46.6, 57.7]). Meanwhile, a catch-up strategy raised interest on other crucial vaccinations. Conclusions: The findings pertaining to the vaccination rate underscore the heightened awareness among young adults concerning the HPV vaccine. They further substantiate the efficacy of the integrated strategy encompassing advisory and educational site-based campaigns as an initial measure to attain the WHO-endorsed vaccination rates. Full article

Background: During the flu season, there is an increase in absenteeism due to illness, a drop in productivity, and a greater risk of the virus spreading among workers. Thus, the Italian Ministry of Health recommends vaccination for essential service workers. The University of Salerno, in collaboration with the local health authority of Salerno, offers free vaccination to its employees. Methods: A public health methodology for seasonal influenza vaccination in the workplace is presented—specifically in the university setting—with the aim of identifying individual, contextual, and organizational elements of the model that have promoted vaccination uptake. An ad hoc questionnaire was used (October–December 2025) to survey 399 academic employees, investigating seasonal influenza vaccination in the following aspects: recent personal experiences, motivations, vaccination experiences at university, sources of information, considerations regarding national and local vaccination campaigns, and level of vaccine confidence (VCI). Results: Seasonal influenza vaccination at the University is appreciated for its compatibility with working hours (66.1%), the availability of a platform that allows flexible booking (56.9%), the perception of safety in the environment (31.6%), the fact that the vaccine is free (17.4%), and the involvement of office/laboratory colleagues (5%). Participants appreciate the model and would apply it to other vaccinations at the University and in other institutional settings. A significant relationship (F = 7.24; df = 1; p < 0.05) exists between confidence in the vaccine and the sense of security experienced when receiving the vaccine in the workplace. Data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS v.28 software. Conclusions: The model proposed can be applied to other institutional contexts, simplifying and facilitating access to vaccines by implementing vaccination campaigns tailored to specific work environments. Full article