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Search Results (5)

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Keywords = cylinder cushion

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10 pages, 1770 KB  
Proceeding Paper
Design and Analysis of Sustainable Kraft Paper-Based Cushioning System for Packaging
by A. P. Mohanraj, S. Kamatchi, A. Deepthisri, P. Parameshwaran and B. P. Sivasubramaniyan
Eng. Proc. 2025, 93(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025093004 - 30 Jun 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1548
Abstract
In this design, foam packaging for consumer products is replaced by the kraft paper cushioning system. The kraft paper is made into a cylindrical structure, with small cylindrical structures pasted to its outer walls. The cylindrical structure can withstand a high amount of [...] Read more.
In this design, foam packaging for consumer products is replaced by the kraft paper cushioning system. The kraft paper is made into a cylindrical structure, with small cylindrical structures pasted to its outer walls. The cylindrical structure can withstand a high amount of stress, internally and externally. These cylindrical structures’ center points make an imaginary equilateral triangle. Therefore, the applied load is distributed equally across the cylinders and hexagonal structures. We can replace foam packaging with this kraft paper packaging. This design is expected to provide a more eco-friendly product than a normal packaging system. The interior design for the kraft paper is created as integrated cylindrical structures designed using Computer Aided Drawing (CAD). Various tests, such as on compression, impact, and vibration, were carried out. In this design, stimulation, cost comparison of the design, and manufacturing feasibility were examined. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of International Conference on Mechanical Engineering Design)
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17 pages, 4927 KB  
Article
Numerical Study of Flat Plate Impact on Water Using a Compressible CIP–IBM–Based Model
by Hongyue Sun, Weiye Ding, Xizeng Zhao and Zhaochen Sun
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(10), 1462; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101462 - 9 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2719
Abstract
Due to the entrapment of compressible air, the process of a flat plate impact on water is complicated, which cannot be reproduced using incompressible simulations. To investigate such a slamming process, an accuracy compressible fluid–structure interaction numerical model has been proposed. The solution [...] Read more.
Due to the entrapment of compressible air, the process of a flat plate impact on water is complicated, which cannot be reproduced using incompressible simulations. To investigate such a slamming process, an accuracy compressible fluid–structure interaction numerical model has been proposed. The solution of this model is based on the constrained interpolation profile (CIP) method to solve the Navier–Stokes equations for the computation of fluid, and an implicit immersed boundary method (IBM) is used to calculate the fluid–structure interaction. Firstly, the present (CIP–IBM–based) model is validated against the problem of the flow past a stationary cylinder. Then it is implemented to simulate the problem of a rigid flat plate impact on water. The predicated impact pressure is compared with reference experiments and other simulations. The CIP–IBM–based model shows a better performance in dealing with sub-atmospheric pressure and reloading. From the numerical view, it is shown that the oscillation of the slamming pressure is significantly affected by the compression and expansion of the entrapped air cushion, and under the influence of the air cushion, the slamming pressure distribution along the bottom is not constant, which also varies greatly with time. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Coastal Engineering)
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19 pages, 6197 KB  
Article
Simulation of Hydraulic Cylinder Cushioning
by Antonio Algar, Javier Freire, Robert Castilla and Esteban Codina
Sustainability 2021, 13(2), 494; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020494 - 6 Jan 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 6496
Abstract
The internal cushioning systems of hydraulic linear actuators avoid mechanical shocks at the end of their stroke. The design where the piston with perimeter grooves regulates the flow by standing in front of the outlet port has been investigated. First, a bond graph [...] Read more.
The internal cushioning systems of hydraulic linear actuators avoid mechanical shocks at the end of their stroke. The design where the piston with perimeter grooves regulates the flow by standing in front of the outlet port has been investigated. First, a bond graph dynamic model has been developed, including the flow throughout the internal cushion design, characterized in detail by computational fluid-dynamic simulation. Following this, the radial movement of the piston and the fluid-dynamic coefficients, experimentally validated, are integrated into the dynamic model. The registered radial movement is in coherence with the significant drag force estimated in the CFD simulation, generated by the flow through the grooves, where the laminar flow regime predominates. Ultimately, the model aims to predict the behavior of the cushioning during the movement of the arm of an excavator. The analytical model developed predicts the performance of the cushioning system, in coherence with empirical results. There is an optimal behavior, highly influenced by the mechanical stress conditions of the system, subject to a compromise between an increasing section of the grooves and an optimization of the radial gap. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fluid Power Components and Systems)
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14 pages, 2955 KB  
Article
Pressure-Drop Coefficients for Cushioning System of Hydraulic Cylinder With Grooved Piston: A Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulation
by Robert Castilla, Ignasi Alemany, Antonio Algar, Pedro Javier Gamez-Montero, Pedro Roquet and Esteban Codina
Energies 2017, 10(11), 1704; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10111704 - 25 Oct 2017
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 5356
Abstract
Cushioning is an important aspect in hydraulic cylinder performance. The piston has to be decelerated before it strikes the end cap in order to avoid stresses in the cylinder components and reduce vibration that can be transmitted to the machine. One of the [...] Read more.
Cushioning is an important aspect in hydraulic cylinder performance. The piston has to be decelerated before it strikes the end cap in order to avoid stresses in the cylinder components and reduce vibration that can be transmitted to the machine. One of the least-studied methods is internal cushioning by grooves in the piston. In this method, the flow is throttled with adequately designed grooves when the piston reaches the outlet port position. The purpose of the present work is to present a method to estimate the pressure-drop coefficients for a certain design of piston grooves in order to provide a model to develop a dynamic system simulation of the cushion system. The method is based on a computational fluid dynamic simulation of flow through piston grooves to the outlet port for each piston’s static position. The results are compared with experimental measurements, and a correction, based on Reynolds number, is proposed. Good agreement, below 16%, was obtained for all the positions but particularly for the last grooves, for which the numerical result’s deviation to the experimental measurements was less than 10%. In general, the numerical simulation tended to underestimate the pressure drop for the first grooves and overestimate the calculation for the last grooves. Full article
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19 pages, 6446 KB  
Article
Experimental Study of 3D Movement in Cushioning of Hydraulic Cylinder
by Antonio Algar, Esteban Codina and Javier Freire
Energies 2017, 10(6), 746; https://doi.org/10.3390/en10060746 - 25 May 2017
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 11319
Abstract
A double acting cylinder operation has been fully monitored in its key functional parameters, focused on characterization of end-of-stroke cushioning and starting phases. Being the cylinder performance reliant in the piston constructive geometry, the number and location of piston circumferential grooves is a [...] Read more.
A double acting cylinder operation has been fully monitored in its key functional parameters, focused on characterization of end-of-stroke cushioning and starting phases. Being the cylinder performance reliant in the piston constructive geometry, the number and location of piston circumferential grooves is a significant parameter affecting the internal cushioning system performance. An eddy current displacement sensor assembled in the piston allows assessment of piston radial displacement inside the cylinder tube, which is directly related with the studied operating phases. Due to such 3D displacements, the piston becomes as an active and self-adjusting element along the functional cycle of the cylinder. Mechanical joints orientation and operating pressure are also relevant parameters affecting piston radial displacement and, thus, the cushioning and starting performance. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results confirm the observed functional role of the perimeter grooves; the flow and pressure distributions, where develops a significant radial force, are also in accordance with the registered radial displacement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy Efficiency and Controllability of Fluid Power Systems)
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