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Keywords = coupled microdisk

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13 pages, 4181 KiB  
Article
Near-Perfect Infrared Transmission Based on Metallic Hole and Disk Coupling Array for Mid-Infrared Refractive Index Sensing
by Lingyi Xu, Jianjun Lai, Qinghua Meng, Changhong Chen and Yihua Gao
Chemosensors 2024, 12(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors12010003 - 26 Dec 2023
Viewed by 2353
Abstract
Nanostructured color filters, particularly those generated by the extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) resonance of metal–dielectric nanostructures, have been intensively studied over the past few decades. In this work, we propose a hybrid array composed of a hole array and a disk array with [...] Read more.
Nanostructured color filters, particularly those generated by the extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) resonance of metal–dielectric nanostructures, have been intensively studied over the past few decades. In this work, we propose a hybrid array composed of a hole array and a disk array with the same working period within the 3–14 μm mid-infrared band. Through numerical simulations, near-perfect transmission (more than 99%) and a narrower linewidth at some resonance wavelengths were achieved, which is vital for highly sensitive sensing applications. This superior performance is attributed to the surface plasmon coupling resonance between the hole and disk arrays. A high tunability of the near-perfect transmission peak with varying structural parameters, characteristics of sensitivity to the background refractive index, and angle independence were observed. We expect that this metallic hole and disk coupling array is promising for use in various applications, such as in plasmon biosensors for the high-sensitivity detection of biochemical substances. Full article
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12 pages, 5357 KiB  
Article
Unique Enhancement of the Whispering Gallery Mode in Hexagonal Microdisk Resonator Array with Embedded Ge Quantum Dots on Si
by Zhifang Zhang, Jia Yan, Zuoru Dong, Ningning Zhang, Peizong Chen, Kun Peng, Yanyan Zhu, Zhenyang Zhong and Zuimin Jiang
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(18), 2553; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13182553 - 13 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1600
Abstract
The coupling between the quantum dots (QDs) and silicon-based microdisk resonator facilitates enhancing the light–matter interaction for the novel silicon-based light source. However, the typical circular microdisks embedded with Ge QDs still have several issues, such as wide spectral bandwidth, difficult mode selection, [...] Read more.
The coupling between the quantum dots (QDs) and silicon-based microdisk resonator facilitates enhancing the light–matter interaction for the novel silicon-based light source. However, the typical circular microdisks embedded with Ge QDs still have several issues, such as wide spectral bandwidth, difficult mode selection, and low waveguide coupling efficiency. Here, by a promising structural modification based on the mature nanosphere lithography (NSL), we fabricate a large area hexagonal microdisk array embedded with Ge QDs in order to enhance the near-infrared light emissions by a desired whispering gallery modes (WGMs). By comparing circular microdisks with comparable sizes, we found the unique photoluminescence enhancement effect of hexagonal microdisks for certain modes. We have confirmed the WGMs which are supported by the microdisks and the well-correlated polarized modes for each resonant peak observed in experiments through the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulation. Furthermore, the unique enhancement of the TE5,1 mode in the hexagonal microdisk is comparatively analyzed through the simulation of optical field distribution in the cavity. The larger enhanced region of the optical field contains more effectively coupled QDs, which significantly enhances the PL intensity of Ge QDs. Our findings offer a promising strategy toward a distinctive optical cavity that enables promising mode manipulation and enhancement effects for large-scale, cost-effective photonic devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control of Light–Matter Interaction at the Nanoscale)
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11 pages, 2081 KiB  
Article
On-Demand Waveguide-Integrated Microlaser-on-Silicon
by Byung-Ju Min, Yeon-Ji Kim and You-Shin No
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(16), 9329; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169329 - 17 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1798
Abstract
The integration of high-quality III–V light sources on the Si platform has encountered a challenge that demands a highly precise on-demand addressability of single devices in a significantly reduced integration area. However, simple schemes to address the issue without causing major optical losses [...] Read more.
The integration of high-quality III–V light sources on the Si platform has encountered a challenge that demands a highly precise on-demand addressability of single devices in a significantly reduced integration area. However, simple schemes to address the issue without causing major optical losses remain elusive. Here, we propose a waveguide-integrated microlaser-on-silicon in which the III–V/Si integration requires only a small micron-sized post structure with a diameter of <2 µm and enables efficient light coupling with an estimated coupling efficiency of 44.52%. Top-down fabricated high-quality microdisk cavities with an active gain medium were precisely micro-transferred on a small Si-post structure that was rationally designed in the vicinity of a strip-type Si waveguide (WG). Spectroscopic measurements exhibit successful lasing emission with a threshold of 378.0 µW, bi-directional light coupling, and a propagation of >50 µm through the photonic Si WG. Numerical study provides an in-depth understanding of light coupling and verifies the observations in the experiment. We believe that the proposed microlaser-on-Si is a simple and efficient scheme requiring a minimum integration volume smaller than the size of the light source, which is hard to achieve in conventional integration schemes and is readily applicable to various on-demand integrated device applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Infrared Semiconductor Lasers and Integrated Optics Devices)
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12 pages, 4101 KiB  
Article
Generation of Photonic Nanojet Using Gold Film Dielectric Microdisk Structure
by Xintao Zeng, Ning Su, Weiming Zhang, Zhibin Ye, Pinghui Wu and Bin Liu
Materials 2023, 16(8), 3146; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16083146 - 16 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2377
Abstract
Due to their narrow beam waist size, high intensity, and long propagation distance, photonic nanojets (PNJs) can be used in various fields such as nanoparticle sensing, optical subwavelength detection, and optical data storage. In this paper, we report a strategy to realize an [...] Read more.
Due to their narrow beam waist size, high intensity, and long propagation distance, photonic nanojets (PNJs) can be used in various fields such as nanoparticle sensing, optical subwavelength detection, and optical data storage. In this paper, we report a strategy to realize an SPP-PNJ by exciting a surface plasmon polariton (SPP) on a gold-film dielectric microdisk. In detail, an SPP is excited by the grating–coupling method, then it irradiates the dielectric microdisk to form an SPP-PNJ. The characteristics of the SPP-PNJ, including maximum intensity, full width at half maximum (FWHM), and propagation distance, are studied by using finite difference time domain (FDTD) numerical solutions. The results demonstrate that the proposed structure can produce a high-quality SPP-PNJ, the maximum quality factor of which is 62.20, and the propagation distance of the SPP-PNJ is 3.08 λ. Furthermore, the properties of the SPP-PNJ can be modified flexibly by changing the thickness and refractive index of the dielectric microdisk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Photonic Materials and Devices)
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20 pages, 3708 KiB  
Article
Mathematical Analysis of Reaction–Diffusion Equations Modeling the Michaelis–Menten Kinetics in a Micro-Disk Biosensor
by Naveed Ahmad Khan, Fahad Sameer Alshammari, Carlos Andrés Tavera Romero, Muhammad Sulaiman and Ghaylen Laouini
Molecules 2021, 26(23), 7310; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237310 - 2 Dec 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4059
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the mathematical model of an immobilized enzyme system that follows the Michaelis–Menten (MM) kinetics for a micro-disk biosensor. The film reaction model under steady state conditions is transformed into a couple differential equations which are based on [...] Read more.
In this study, we have investigated the mathematical model of an immobilized enzyme system that follows the Michaelis–Menten (MM) kinetics for a micro-disk biosensor. The film reaction model under steady state conditions is transformed into a couple differential equations which are based on dimensionless concentration of hydrogen peroxide with enzyme reaction (H) and substrate (S) within the biosensor. The model is based on a reaction–diffusion equation which contains highly non-linear terms related to MM kinetics of the enzymatic reaction. Further, to calculate the effect of variations in parameters on the dimensionless concentration of substrate and hydrogen peroxide, we have strengthened the computational ability of neural network (NN) architecture by using a backpropagated Levenberg–Marquardt training (LMT) algorithm. NNs–LMT algorithm is a supervised machine learning for which the initial data set is generated by using MATLAB built in function known as “pdex4”. Furthermore, the data set is validated by the processing of the NNs–LMT algorithm to find the approximate solutions for different scenarios and cases of mathematical model of micro-disk biosensors. Absolute errors, curve fitting, error histograms, regression and complexity analysis further validate the accuracy and robustness of the technique. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Theoretical and Computational Chemistry)
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29 pages, 3950 KiB  
Review
The Recent Progress of MEMS/NEMS Resonators
by Lei Wei, Xuebao Kuai, Yidi Bao, Jiangtao Wei, Liangliang Yang, Peishuai Song, Mingliang Zhang, Fuhua Yang and Xiaodong Wang
Micromachines 2021, 12(6), 724; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12060724 - 19 Jun 2021
Cited by 59 | Viewed by 12808
Abstract
MEMS/NEMS resonators are widely studied in biological detection, physical sensing, and quantum coupling. This paper reviews the latest research progress of MEMS/NEMS resonators with different structures. The resonance performance, new test method, and manufacturing process of single or double-clamped resonators, and their applications [...] Read more.
MEMS/NEMS resonators are widely studied in biological detection, physical sensing, and quantum coupling. This paper reviews the latest research progress of MEMS/NEMS resonators with different structures. The resonance performance, new test method, and manufacturing process of single or double-clamped resonators, and their applications in mass sensing, micromechanical thermal analysis, quantum detection, and oscillators are introduced in detail. The material properties, resonance mode, and application in different fields such as gyroscope of the hemispherical structure, microdisk structure, drum resonator are reviewed. Furthermore, the working principles and sensing methods of the surface acoustic wave and bulk acoustic wave resonators and their new applications such as humidity sensing and fast spin control are discussed. The structure and resonance performance of tuning forks are summarized. This article aims to classify resonators according to different structures and summarize the working principles, resonance performance, and applications. Full article
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15 pages, 3431 KiB  
Letter
FDTD Simulation: Simultaneous Measurement of the Refractive Index and the Pressure Using Microdisk Resonator with Two Whispering-Gallery Modes
by Ping Zhang, Dongyue He, Chen Zhang and Zhiruo Yan
Sensors 2020, 20(14), 3955; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20143955 - 16 Jul 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 6182
Abstract
In this paper, an approach to measure both the refractive index (RI) and the pressure simultaneously using two Whispering-Gallery Modes (WGMs) in a microdisk resonator is theoretically proposed. Due to the difference in the energy distribution of the first and second order WGMs, [...] Read more.
In this paper, an approach to measure both the refractive index (RI) and the pressure simultaneously using two Whispering-Gallery Modes (WGMs) in a microdisk resonator is theoretically proposed. Due to the difference in the energy distribution of the first and second order WGMs, the sensitivity of two modes toward the variation of RI and pressure applied to the device show differences. An RI sensitivity of 29.07 nm/RIU and pressure sensitivity of 0.576 pm/kPa for WGM (1,36), and an RI sensitivity of 38.68 nm/RIU and a pressure sensitivity of 0.589 pm/kPa for WGM (2,28) are obtained through the 3D finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) simulation. Dual parametric sensing can be achieved by solving the second-order inverse sensitivity matrix. Therefore, strain–optical coupling behavior is effectively eliminated. The dual sensing scheme we proposed provides a novel approach to overcome the difficulty of multi-sensing applications based on the flexible photonic device. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical and Photonic Sensors)
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13 pages, 4004 KiB  
Article
Spectral Modulation of Optofluidic Coupled-Microdisk Lasers in Aqueous Media
by Zhihe Guo, Haotian Wang, Chenming Zhao, Lin Chen, Sheng Liu, Jinliang Hu, Yi Zhou and Xiang Wu
Nanomaterials 2019, 9(10), 1439; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9101439 - 11 Oct 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3203
Abstract
We present the spectral modulation of an optofluidic microdisk device and investigate the mechanism and characteristics of the microdisk laser in aqueous media. The optofluidic microdisk device combines a solid-state dye-doped polymer microdisk with a microfluidic channel device, whose optical field can interact [...] Read more.
We present the spectral modulation of an optofluidic microdisk device and investigate the mechanism and characteristics of the microdisk laser in aqueous media. The optofluidic microdisk device combines a solid-state dye-doped polymer microdisk with a microfluidic channel device, whose optical field can interact with the aqueous media. Interesting phenomena, such as mode splitting and single-mode lasing in the laser spectrum, can be observed in two coupled microdisks under the pump laser. We modulated the spectra by changing the gap of the two coupled microdisks, the refractive indices of the aqueous media, and the position of a pump light, namely, selective pumping schemes. This optofluidic microlaser provides a method to modulate the laser spectra precisely and flexibly, which will help to further understand spectral properties of coupled microcavity laser systems and develop potential applications in photobiology and photomedicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dynamics and Applications of Photon-Nanostructured Systems)
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19 pages, 7896 KiB  
Article
A New Design of an MOEMS Gyroscope Based on a WGM Microdisk Resonator
by Dunzhu Xia, Lingchao Huang and Liye Zhao
Sensors 2019, 19(12), 2798; https://doi.org/10.3390/s19122798 - 21 Jun 2019
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5644
Abstract
In this paper, we present a new design for a micro-opto-electro-mechanical (MOEMS) gyroscope based on a whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microdisk resonator and MEMS resonator. The mechanical characteristics, frequency split, and quality factor (Q) of the MEMS resonator; the optical characteristics, Q value, and [...] Read more.
In this paper, we present a new design for a micro-opto-electro-mechanical (MOEMS) gyroscope based on a whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microdisk resonator and MEMS resonator. The mechanical characteristics, frequency split, and quality factor (Q) of the MEMS resonator; the optical characteristics, Q value, and coupling regimes of the WGM resonator; and the coupling between the two resonators were analyzed. Its operation principle—the transformation process from angular velocity to the resonance wavelength of the WGM resonator—is presented at same time. Next, the analysis conclusions were validated with the help of simulations in ANSYS and FDTD (Finite-Difference Time-Domain) Solutions. Afterwards, some key specifications were estimated based on the results of simulations. Lastly, the fabrication process is detailed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optomechanical Sensors)
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14 pages, 1814 KiB  
Article
Role of Edge Inclination in an Optical Microdisk Resonator for Label-Free Sensing
by Davide Gandolfi, Fernando Ramiro-Manzano, Francisco Javier Aparicio Rebollo, Mher Ghulinyan, Georg Pucker and Lorenzo Pavesi
Sensors 2015, 15(3), 4796-4809; https://doi.org/10.3390/s150304796 - 26 Feb 2015
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 7680
Abstract
In this paper, we report on the measurement and modeling of enhanced optical refractometric sensors based on whispering gallery modes. The devices under test are optical microresonators made of silicon nitride on silicon oxide, which differ in their sidewall inclination angle. In our [...] Read more.
In this paper, we report on the measurement and modeling of enhanced optical refractometric sensors based on whispering gallery modes. The devices under test are optical microresonators made of silicon nitride on silicon oxide, which differ in their sidewall inclination angle. In our approach, these microresonators are vertically coupled to a buried waveguide with the aim of creating integrated and cost-effective devices. Device modeling shows that the optimization of the device is a delicate balance of the resonance quality factor and evanescent field overlap with the surrounding environment to analyze. By numerical simulations, we show that the microdisk thickness is critical to yield a high figure of merit for the sensor and that edge inclination should be kept as high as possible. We also show that bulk-sensing figures of merit as high as 1600 RIU-1 (refractive index unit) are feasible. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optical Biosensors)
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