Search Results (745)

As global education steps into a new era marked by core literacy and sustainable development, teacher literacy has become a critical pillar for fulfilling United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4) and advancing Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). Guided by the Educator Spirit and based on the logical framework of dual professional roles and four professional relationships, this study constructs a teacher literacy model for Chinese teachers in the new era, which consists of seven dimensions: disciplinary literacy, general literacy, learning support literacy, holistic education literacy, communication and collaboration literacy, development and improvement literacy, and teacher ethics literacy. Adopting systematic literature review and international comparative research methods, this study integrates mainstream international teacher literacy frameworks issued by the European Union, OECD, UNESCO, the United States and Australia with China’s educational policies and practical experience to establish the proposed model. It further elaborates how the model directs sustainability-oriented teacher education, facilitates transformative teaching approaches, boosts interdisciplinary teaching practice, highlights social justice and global citizenship awareness, and embeds sustainable development principles into curriculum design and teaching practice. This model can effectively tackle prevailing practical dilemmas including teachers’ weakened professional identity, vague professional development paths, unitary evaluation systems, inadequate digital teaching competence, insufficient interdisciplinary integration capacity, deficient ESD literacy and inefficient collaborative education mechanisms. It can systematically support teachers in carrying out sustainability-oriented teaching, innovating curriculum design, conducting transformative teaching and promoting students’ sustainable learning while practicing social justice and educational equity and cultivating global citizenship awareness in educational scenarios. It also provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for promoting the transition of Chinese teachers toward high-quality, professional and sustainable development, and also offers localized solutions with distinctive Chinese characteristics and universal international implications for the implementation of global ESD initiatives and the achievement of SDG 4. Full article

Background/Objectives: Clinical empathy is a core competency in nursing education and is conceptually relevant to person-centered nursing care. However, limited evidence is available on how clinical empathy in advanced nursing students is associated with dispositional characteristics such as personality traits and resilience. This study aimed to examine cross-sectional associations between clinical empathy, Big Five personality traits, and resilience in third- and fourth-year nursing students. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional secondary analysis was conducted using an existing survey database. The final analytic sample comprised 66 third- and fourth-year nursing students from a nursing school in Spain. Clinical empathy was assessed with the Jefferson Scale of Empathy, resilience with the 6-item Brief Resilience Scale, and personality traits with the Big Five Inventory-44. Life satisfaction, academic engagement, and general self-efficacy were included as secondary psychosocial variables. Descriptive analyses, correlation analyses, group comparisons, and exploratory multiple linear regression were performed. Results: Higher agreeableness was associated with higher total clinical empathy (ρ = 0.390, p = 0.001) and perspective-taking (ρ = 0.440, p < 0.001). Higher conscientiousness was also associated with higher total clinical empathy (ρ = 0.480, p < 0.001), perspective-taking (ρ = 0.432, p < 0.001), and compassionate care (ρ = 0.324, p = 0.008). In the exploratory multivariable cross-sectional model, agreeableness and conscientiousness were independently associated with total clinical empathy, whereas resilience was not. Findings involving the Standing in the Patient’s Shoes subscale should be interpreted cautiously because of its low internal consistency. Conclusions: In this exploratory sample of advanced nursing students, self-reported clinical empathy was associated mainly with agreeableness and conscientiousness. These findings should be interpreted as cross-sectional associations based on self-report data and should not be taken as evidence of causal effects, ethical behavior, or person-centered care practices. Further longitudinal and multicenter studies are needed to examine whether these associations are stable and whether they relate to observable educational or clinical outcomes. Full article

Background: Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) that transform competencies into distinct, assessable clinical tasks have not yet been developed for US nephrology fellowships. We created and achieved consensus on a set of nephrology-specific EPAs and aligned them with Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) competency standards. Methods: This study was conducted within the University of New Mexico nephrology fellowship program. An initial EPA list was generated by the study team using program objectives, a literature review, and clinician insight. Study participants included eight faculty nephrologists and one nephrology fellow, who completed an online-based three-round modified Delphi consensus-building processes. Each EPA was rated on a five-point Likert scale with consensus requiring strict criteria. Finalized EPAs were independently mapped to ACGME nephrology program requirements. Results: Nine study participants (100% response rate) completed all survey rounds. Through iterative consensus, utilizing strict criteria, a final list of 22 distinct EPAs was created, covering 10 core domains of practice including dialysis management, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, electrolyte abnormalities, hypertension, kidney stones, glomerular disease, pregnancy, transplant care, and education. Finalized EPAs were mapped to 38 different ACGME-required sub-competencies, showcasing diversity and applicability to national expectations. Conclusions: We developed the first consensus-based set of EPAs geared for US nephrology fellowship programs, providing a foundation for standardized assessment and curriculum development that could be implemented across nephrology fellowship programs nationally. Full article

High-temperature superconductivity in strongly correlated materials is often accompanied by pseudogap behavior, strange-metal transport, strong phase fluctuations, and reduced superfluid stiffness, particularly in quasi-two-dimensional systems. These features suggest that pairing alone may not determine the onset of global superconductivity. We develop a coordination-based framework in which superconductivity is promoted by the collective organization of internal electronic degrees of freedom coupled to a carrier phase. A minimal lattice model is introduced, combining a U(1) phase sector, an internal coordination field, and an inter-sector coupling. A Landau analysis shows that internal coordination enhances the effective phase stiffness and can destabilize the incoherent state once the coordination amplitude becomes sufficiently large. Monte Carlo simulations of the model confirm that increasing coordination strength enhances phase stiffness and shifts the onset of global coherence to higher temperature. The framework provides a possible organizing interpretation of the separation between pseudogap onset and superconducting coherence, as well as the sensitivity of layered superconductors to reduced dimensionality, competing orders, and vortex-core structure. It is not intended to replace BCS theory, but to extend phase-stiffness-based descriptions to regimes where pairing, local coordination, and global phase coherence are distinct. Full article

Imbalanced classification remains a fundamental challenge in machine learning, where the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) is widely used for threshold-independent ranking evaluation, especially in AUC maximization studies. Existing AUC maximization methods suffer from two critical limitations: they rely on single fixed kernels that fail to capture complex data structures, and they incur prohibitive computational costs due to pairwise constraint construction. To address these issues, we propose the Generalized AUC Maximization Core Vector Machine (GAM-CVM), a fast imbalanced classification framework integrating multi-kernel learning with core vector machine optimization. Multiple affinity graphs are constructed from complementary perspectives and fused via cross-diffusion into a unified kernel matrix that respects the intrinsic data manifold. This fused kernel is embedded into a generalized AUC objective with a flexible ranking margin. Given the fused kernel matrix, the optimization stage of GAM-CVM achieves asymptotic linear time complexity with respect to the number of sample pairs under a fixed approximation accuracy by reformulating the learning objective as a center-constrained minimum enclosing ball problem. Extensive experiments demonstrate that GAM-CVM achieves the best overall average ranking and significantly outperforms most competing methods while maintaining the lowest optimization-stage running time. Full article

The transition toward Industry 5.0 in sustainable construction demands a radical reconceptualisation of workforce development, moving beyond purely technical training to embrace human-centricity, digitalisation, green competencies, and socio-cognitive resilience. Traditional vocational and higher education systems have largely failed to bridge the gap between emerging construction industry demands and the competencies possessed by current and future professionals. This systematic review investigates how Learning Factories’ 5.0 immersive, experiential, and technology-rich educational environments can address these gaps in sustainable construction contexts. Drawing on a synthesis of 71 peer-reviewed publications spanning 2015–2026 and supplemented by targeted construction-domain literature, this study pursues three objectives: (1) identifying core competencies for Industry 5.0 readiness in sustainable construction, (2) examining how Learning Factories 5.0 support the development of these competencies, and (3) proposing a competency-driven framework for integrating Learning Factories 5.0 into sustainable construction education and training. Seven transdisciplinary competency clusters are identified—Attitude toward Digitalisation, Technical–Green Proficiency, Information and Data Literacy, Digital Security, Collaborative Systems Thinking, Adaptive Problem-Solving, and Reflective Sustainability Practice—and a theoretically derived, eight-phase Construction Learning Factory 5.0 (CLF5.0) Framework is proposed as a conceptual architecture for future empirical development and institutional adaptation. The framework is presented as a generative starting point rather than a prescriptive model, and its effectiveness in diverse construction education contexts requires empirical validation through future implementation studies. Findings reveal that while Learning Factories offer transformative potential, critical barriers remain in terms of economic feasibility, faculty development, industry–academia alignment, and empirical validation. This paper contributes a construction-specific competency architecture and implementation pathway to support the industry’s transition toward a sustainable, human-centric, and Industry 5.0-aligned future. Full article

Background: Nutritional literacy is a core competency for promoting healthy dietary behaviors and preventing nutrition-related chronic diseases. Standardized scales are essential for rigorous measurement and evaluation, yet the field exhibits substantial heterogeneity in concepts and measurement approaches. Methods: We systematically searched five major databases, namely Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and CINAHL, from their inception to October 2025. Evidence was compiled on the conceptual evolution, domain structure, scoring logic, population-specific applicability, and application scenarios of nutritional literacy scales. Results: A total of 14 nutritional literacy scales developed between 2005 and 2025 were included in the review. The structure and measurement content of these scales have progressively expanded, evolving from an early focus on basic reading and numeracy skills to become multidimensional assessment tools encompassing knowledge, skills, and behavioral practices. The target population has broadened from the general adult population to include multiple special groups, while application regions have extended from high-income Western countries to developing regions, including China and Turkey, and assessment methodologies have progressively shifted from single tests to blended objective–subjective approaches, with most scales demonstrating sound reliability and validity. These instruments are now employed for screening, intervention evaluation, dietary behavior mechanism research, and analysis of chronic disease risk. The reviewed studies indicate that nutritional literacy is generally positively correlated with healthy dietary behaviors, nutrition labeling utilization, and related health outcomes. Conclusions: Although nutritional literacy scale research has advanced with regard to conceptualization, measurement design, and applications, major gaps remain, including fragmented dimensional structures, insufficient standardization, inadequate cultural adaptation, and limited longitudinal evidence. Future work should prioritize a unified assessment framework, stronger tools for special and vulnerable populations, digital innovations for scalable measurement, and interdisciplinary and cross-national collaboration to enhance quality, practicality, and comparability and to support global nutrition promotion and public health policy. Full article

How artificial intelligence (AI) reshapes the internal structure of firm-level skill demand remains largely uncharted. Using approximately 67 million online job postings from two major Chinese recruitment platforms (2019–2024), we construct firm-by-year potential AI exposure via semantic matching between AI patent texts and detailed occupation task descriptions, decompose exposure into displacement and augmentation components based on task routineness, and measure four skill-category demand shares and their within-category importance from job-description text, with identification from within-firm variation under firm and city-by-year fixed effects. Displacement and augmentation exposure exhibit opposing relationships with skill demand: displacement is negatively associated with the routine cognitive share, while augmentation is positively associated with the nonroutine analytical share. Both forms of exposure are associated with a de-coring pattern, a shallower and more dispersed skill portfolio with within-category importance diverging from share movements, concentrated among low entry-threshold, small firms. Reskilling policy should therefore emphasize portfolio breadth and portable competency frameworks rather than deeper single-track specialization, particularly for workers in small, lower-threshold firms. Full article

We investigated the expression profiles and functions of CircRNAs in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Datong yaks at different developmental stages, with the aim of clarifying their regulatory roles in skeletal muscle development. Samples of longissimus dorsi muscle were collected from Datong yaks at three developmental stages: 90-day-old fetuses, 6-month-old juveniles, and 3-year-old adults. High-throughput RNA sequencing was performed to identify CircRNAs. Differential expression analysis, along with GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, was conducted. A competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network was subsequently constructed to screen for core CircRNAs. A total of 17,027 CircRNAs were identified, with 6821 being differentially expressed. These differentially expressed CircRNAs showed significant enrichment in skeletal muscle development-related functions, such as sarcomere and calcium ion homeostasis, and were involved in key pathways, including the FoxO (Forkhead box O) and calcium signaling pathways. Construction of the ceRNA network revealed 20 core CircRNAs (e.g., CircRNA_10402 and CircRNA_15445), which may modulate the expression of 84 mRNAs by competing for binding with 42 miRNAs. This study preliminarily reveals the dynamic regulatory network of CircRNAs during skeletal muscle development in Datong yaks, providing new theoretical insights for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying yak muscle development and for molecular breeding. Full article

The transformation of the hospitality industry has increased the demand for managerial profiles capable of integrating technical, strategic, and socio-emotional competencies. However, a persistent gap remains between the competencies required by the labor market and those developed through formal education. This study aims to identify and validate the core competencies of hotel management and to translate them into a structured training proposal. A two-round Delphi study was conducted with senior hotel management experts (n = 42 in round 1; n = 32 in round 2), using a competency matrix derived from prior research. Quantitative analysis included frequency distributions, weighted scores, and consensus indicators. The results show a high level of consensus stability (3.1% disagreement), leading to a final matrix of 43 competencies organized into four dimensions: operational, interpersonal, cultural-communicative, and strategic. Interpersonal and leadership competencies emerged as the most prominent, highlighting their structural role in effective managerial performance. Based on these findings, a progressive training framework is proposed, structured around three domains (operations, leadership, and strategy) and supported by a metacognitive pathway that integrates planning, monitoring, and evaluation processes. This study contributes to the professionalization of hotel management by providing an empirically grounded competency model and a coherent framework for aligning educational programs with industry demands. Full article

Social and emotional learning (SEL) has become increasingly central to educational policy and lifelong development, while advances in robotics have opened new possibilities for supporting socio-emotional competencies through human–robot interaction. Despite the rapid growth of robot-assisted SEL research, this field remains fragmented, with limited understanding of its intellectual structure, thematic foci, and evolution. To address this gap, this study conducted a scientometric analysis of 241 publications indexed in Web of Science using bibliometric methods. Results indicate a steady growth trajectory, with research concentrated in a small number of core countries driving international collaboration. Influential publications and co-citation patterns reveal a strong foundation in autism-related interventions and child-centered social skill development. Thematic mapping shows that motor themes are dominated by soft skills, autism, and interaction design, while emotion recognition and affective computing form technically mature but specialized streams. Foundational concepts such as human–robot interaction and artificial intelligence remain central yet theoretically evolving. Emerging links between robotics, STEM, and project-based learning suggest ongoing pedagogical expansion. This study maps the intellectual and thematic structure of robot-assisted SEL, showing how robots are emerging as mediational agents in hybrid learning systems while revealing uneven integration and misalignments between technological capabilities and pedagogical foundations. Full article

With the ratification of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, the safeguarding of intangible cultural practices has been established as a normatively binding framework of international cultural policy. This development has placed the field at the core of contemporary discourses on cultural diversity, sustainable development, and identity revitalization. In Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), the processes of institutionalizing the protection of intangible heritage unfold under complex conditions of asymmetric constitutional division of competences, normative fragmentation, and functional dispersion of responsibilities, resulting in the absence of a coherent and coordinated cultural policy system. The paper focuses on assessing the potential of integrated and strategically structured management of intangible cultural assets to generate synergistic effects between cultural valorization, local sustainability, and transnational recognition. Methodologically, this study applies a critical, comparative-analytical interpretation of the institutional and legal framework of BiH, with special reference to the position of intangible cultural heritage within strategic policy documents. The analysis of the national register, including elements inscribed on the UNESCO lists, underscores the urgent need for intersectoral and transdisciplinary mechanisms to safeguard and valorize cultural heritage as instruments of cultural policy aimed at strengthening collective identity, fostering cultural tourism, and positioning BiH within the global cultural landscape. Full article

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by social communication deficits, restricted/repetitive behaviors, sensory processing atypicalities, and impaired adaptive functioning. Neuropsychomotor Therapy of Early Development (TNPEE) integrates motor, cognitive, and socio-emotional domains, promoting functional skills, while Therapy in Aquatic Motor Activities (TAMA) targets motor and sensory engagement. This multicenter, 18-month study compared TNPEE, TAMA, and their combination, hypothesizing that TNPEE would drive core symptom and adaptive improvements, with TAMA providing complementary benefits. Methods: Seventy-seven children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (31.6% females) were recruited from four Italian centers (Palermo, Perugia, Sarno, Messina) and allocated to three groups: TAMA only, TNPEE combined with TAMA, and TNPEE only. Assessments included the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2), the Childhood Autism Rating Scale, Second Edition (CARS-2), Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Sensory Processing Measure and HAARS at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months. Results: By 18 months, children receiving TNPEE, alone or combined with TAMA, exhibited significant reductions in autism severity, significant improvements in adaptive functioning, and enhanced sensory processing. In contrast, the TAMA-only group demonstrated improvements in aquatic competence (HAARS) but no statistically significant changes in ASD severity or adaptive functioning. Conclusions: TNPEE was the intervention most consistently associated with improvements in ASD severity, adaptive functioning, and sensory processing, whereas TAMA alone showed a more limited impact on broader developmental outcomes. Full article

The agricultural sector in Mexico, specifically the coffee and sugarcane supply chains, faces the critical challenge of reconciling economic profitability with environmental sustainability and rural social progress. This study presents a critical literature review and conceptual framework that evaluates existing analytical models and proposes methodological integration pathways to simultaneously optimize Triple bottom line (TBL) dimensions in vulnerable smallholder systems. Unlike prior reviews that focus on generic Sustainable Supply chain management (SSCM) practices, this work explicitly addresses the suitability and limitations of multi-objective optimization (MOO) and Life cycle assessment (LCA) for regenerative supply chain objectives in the Mexican coffee and sugarcane context. A critical review of 76 core articles published between 2020 and 2025 was conducted, employing comparative evaluation criteria and narrative synthesis to assess trade-offs, data requirements, and scalability constraints. The review reveals that while agricultural intensification often exacerbates environmental degradation, the adoption of sustainable practices can impose significant financial burdens on vulnerable smallholders. However, analytical models like MOO and LCA serve as robust decision-support systems that effectively evaluate trade-offs and balance competing economic, environmental, and social objectives by identifying optimal production scenarios. The contribution of this work is threefold: (1) a critical synthesis distinguishing regenerative from sustainable supply chain paradigms, (2) a comparative assessment of analytical model applicability to smallholder contexts, and (3) a conceptual framework integrating local socioeconomic realities, traditional knowledge, and modern technological approaches. Fostering resilient supply chains in Mexico requires customized analytical frameworks that explicitly operationalize social indicators, address data limitations, and enable cross-sector collaboration. Ultimately, localized models are essential to simultaneously enhance rural livelihoods, reduce carbon footprints, and maintain economic viability. Full article

Background/Objectives: Narrative skills play an important role in children’s overall development from a very young age, and they are linked to social behavior, as well as several emotional and cognitive outcomes. Young autistic children often experience difficulties in their narrative skills and these difficulties may impact their social interactions. The present study reviews recent findings to detect factors influencing narrative development in autistic and non-autistic preschool children, and to identify trends or gaps in the existing literature. Following screening and eligibility assessment, 39 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines were followed. Results: Non-autistic children show a clear, age-related progression in narrative skill development, moving from simple to complex structures at the level of microstructure and advanced inferential abilities at the level of macrostructure, which are strongly linked to core language and cognitive development. Conversely, autistic children primarily face challenges in narrative macrostructure and coherence, demonstrating deficits in integrating information and making inferences, which is consistent with weak central coherence in autism. Conclusions: The evidence suggests that narrative development in autism reflects qualitative differences rather than mere delay, particularly in the organization and integration of macrostructural story elements. These findings underscore the importance of interventions that move beyond surface-level linguistic skills to explicitly target global coherence, causal structuring, and inferential reasoning. Future research should further clarify developmental trajectories and the mechanisms linking narrative competence with broader social and cognitive outcomes. Full article