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Keywords = biodamage of materials

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24 pages, 16418 KB  
Article
Repair of Old Timber Log House Using Cavity Filling with Compatible Natural Materials
by Michal Kloiber, Dita Frankeová, Zuzana Slížková and Jiří Kunecký
Buildings 2023, 13(2), 550; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020550 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4360
Abstract
The paper describes a method of structural repair to damaged elements of protected timber houses. Emphasis is laid on minimum intervention in the valuable material that needs to be preserved to the maximum possible extent, especially without larger interventions in the visible parts. [...] Read more.
The paper describes a method of structural repair to damaged elements of protected timber houses. Emphasis is laid on minimum intervention in the valuable material that needs to be preserved to the maximum possible extent, especially without larger interventions in the visible parts. The designs will find application in situations where it is not possible or appropriate to use common building methods, and it is necessary to carefully fill out or substitute bio-damaged parts of structural elements. The material for the production of fillings of structural elements corresponds to the originally used wood species; in the case of contact with the ground, oak is the choice due to its durability. Small caverns are filled with earth-based mortar with lime, casein, and chopped wheat straw. Such mortar mixtures were subjected to laboratory tests, which have shown that earth-based mortar (E) and earth mortar with lime putty modification (EL) have very similar physical, mechanical, and hygric properties. The properties significantly changed when curd cheese/casein was added to fresh mortar (ELC): the mechanical strength of hardened mortar increased substantially, and the diffusion of water vapours dropped, which is very beneficial for careful repairs of timber elements. The combination of timber and mortar filling provides a suitable means of repairing locally decayed timber members. Full article
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2 pages, 657 KB  
Editorial
Composites from Recycled and Modified Woods—Technology, Properties, Application
by Ladislav Reinprecht and Ján Iždinský
Forests 2022, 13(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/f13010006 - 21 Dec 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2907
Abstract
The intention of efficient processing and use of less valuable wood species, bio-damaged logs, sawmill residues, cuttings, chips, sawdust, recycled wooden products, and other lignocellulosic raw materials in the production of wood composites is the focus of several scientific research institutes in the [...] Read more.
The intention of efficient processing and use of less valuable wood species, bio-damaged logs, sawmill residues, cuttings, chips, sawdust, recycled wooden products, and other lignocellulosic raw materials in the production of wood composites is the focus of several scientific research institutes in the world [...] Full article
23 pages, 2037 KB  
Review
The Impact of Bacteria of the Genus Bacillus upon the Biodamage/Biodegradation of Some Metals and Extensively Used Petroleum-Based Plastics
by Nataliia Tkachuk and Liubov Zelena
Corros. Mater. Degrad. 2021, 2(4), 531-553; https://doi.org/10.3390/cmd2040028 - 26 Sep 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 8569
Abstract
This paper tackles bacteria of the genus Bacillus as both biodamaging/biodegrading and biocontrolling agents. The article addresses the said bacteria’s ability to form biofilms and corrosive, antimicrobial and antibiofilm proactive compounds, primarily, siderophores. Their role depends on the species, microorganism strain, production of [...] Read more.
This paper tackles bacteria of the genus Bacillus as both biodamaging/biodegrading and biocontrolling agents. The article addresses the said bacteria’s ability to form biofilms and corrosive, antimicrobial and antibiofilm proactive compounds, primarily, siderophores. Their role depends on the species, microorganism strain, production of antimicrobial substances, biofilm formation, and the type of damaged material. The bacteria under analysis have demonstrated the ability to cause as well as inhibit biodamage. The involvement of bacteria of the genus Bacillus in microbiologically influenced corrosion processes is determined by the production of corrosive metabolites and the impact of certain bioelectrochemical mechanisms. Lipopeptides generated by Bacillus subtilis (surfactin, iturin and fengycin) are capable of modifying surfaces’ hydrophobic properties and impacting the microbes’ adhesion to surfaces. Produced by Bacillus velezensis, the siderophore bacillibactin at a high concentration is capable of inhibiting the formation of bacterial biofilms, thus slowing down the degradation of materials. Further study of siderophores as green inhibitors of microbiologically influenced corrosion may be promising as the said compounds possess antibiofilm-forming properties and high-intensity inhibitory capabilities. Full article
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