513 Results Found

Researchers are increasingly engaged in studies to determine and correct negative welfare consequences of animal husbandry and behaviour modification procedures, not least in response to industries’ growing need to maintain their social licence...

The modification of the work function of Sn-doped In₂O₃ (ITO) by vacuum adsorption of 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoic acid (4-DMABA) has been studied using in situ photoelectron spectroscopy. Adsorption of 4-DMABA is self-limited with an approximate thickne...

Glass fibre reinforced polyamide 6 (GFPA6) thermoplastic composites (TPCs) are promising materials with excellent properties, but due to their low surface free energy they are usually difficult to wet, and therefore, possesses poor adhesion propertie...

The thermal modification of wood is well known and widespread as a method to improve the dimensional stability and natural durability of this interesting material of biological origin. This work aims to evaluate the effect of a 3 h, 215 °C therma...

Minimising stress for patients should always be a priority in the veterinary hospital. However, this is often overlooked. While a “no stress” environment is not possible, understanding how to create a “low stress” (sometimes called “fear-free”) envir...

The goal of the presented investigation was to assess the impact of surface laser modification with the implementation of nickel and chromium on the microstructure and tribological behaviour of grey iron. Surface laser modification consisted of remel...

Aluminium metal is avoided as main reactant in submerged arc welding (SAW) because it is easily oxidised in this process. Aluminium is an effective de-oxidiser and can be used to prevent Cr and Co loss to the slag by preventing oxidation of these met...

Cardiovascular diseases, which include coronary heart diseases (CHD), remain the leading cause of death in Canada and other industrialized countries. This qualitative study used photo-elicitation, focus groups and in-depth interviews to understand he...

Obesity is a growing health problem worldwide, associated with serious medical and psychosocial comorbidities that increase the risk of mortality. Strong evidence confirms lifestyle modification programmes as the cornerstone of its treatment. However...

The aim in this study was to determine how surging modifies the dynamic behaviour of the cyclonic flow in a hydrocyclone using computational fluid and granular dynamics models. The Volume-of-Fluid model was used to model the air-core formation. Fluid...

Phase changing materials (PCMs) microcapsules MPCM32D, consisting of a polymeric melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resin shell surrounding a paraffin core (melting point: 30–32 °C), have been modified by introducing thermally conductive additives on their o...

There is a huge group of algorithms described in the literature that iteratively find solutions of a given equation. Most of them require tuning. The article presents root-finding algorithms that are based on the Newton–Raphson method which ite...

Companion animals are at risk of psychological (and physical) harm if outdated, incorrect or aversive methods of training or equipment are used during training and behavioural modification. Companion animal guardians often engage professional animal...

Electropolishing using a high-current density results in a pitting phenomenon, producing a surface texture distinguished by many pits. Apart from the change in surface topography, electropolishing forms an oxide surface layer characterized by benefic...

The use of nanomaterials to enhance the physical and mechanical properties and durability of cement materials in their hardened state has been studied for a long time in many investigations. In comparison, fewer studies focus on nanomaterials’...

The surface layers (SLs) of metal structural and machine components are the most stressed [...]

A numerical investigation of the seismic behaviour of asymmetrical low-rise reinforced concrete (R/C) frames is performed considering the deformability of the supporting soil. The typical rigid base assumption is adopted by most current seismic desig...

A mathematical model for a transmission of TB-HIV/AIDS co-infection that incorporates prevalence dependent behaviour change in the population and treatment for the infected (and infectious) class is formulated and analyzed. The two sub-models, when e...

The aim of this work is the investigation of the effect of ultrasound treatment on the structural characteristics of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the consequent influence that the shortening induced by sonication exerts on the morphology, rheological...

The effects of maleic anhydride, stearic acid and water absorption on the physical and flexural properties of injection moulded short hemp fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites were investigated, in order to understand the suitability of these ma...

Noise fears represent the most common behavioural problem in dogs. This manuscript provides an overview of diverse approaches for alleviating fear of noises in dogs and the supporting evidence. In the treatment of noise fears, both short-term solutio...

Specific surface textures may reduce the friction and increase the lifting forces in lubricated contacts. For the detrimental operating condition of mixed friction, wear is induced by the solid contact. In this study, a methodology for wear calculati...

Yeast produced semiochemicals are increasingly used in pest management programs, however, little is known on which yeasts populate cherry fruits and no information is available on the volatiles that modify the behaviour of cherry pests including Rhag...

Rhagoletis batava (Diptera: Tephritidae), is the most important pest of Hippophae rhamnoides fruits. For detection and monitoring of R. batava, traps supplied with nonspecific attractants are used. Thus, new, more specific attractants for environment...

A high proportion of dogs and cats are fearful during veterinary visits, which in some cases may escalate into aggression. Here, we discuss factors that contribute to negative emotions in a veterinary setting and how these can be addressed. We briefl...

This article presents the cracking and load-bearing behaviour of carbon-reinforced prismatic concrete tensile specimens. Grids with different geometries and impregnations were used as carbon reinforcement. In addition, the roving surfaces were partia...

Multidimensional assessments for conducting interventions are needed to achieve positive health effects within companies. BASE is an acronym, consisting of B = “Bedarfsbestimmung” (requirements); A = “Arbeitsplatzorganisation” (organisation of work);...

Carbon fibre-reinforced plastics (CFRP) are predestined for use in high-performance components due to their superior specific mechanical properties. In addition, these materials have the advantage that the material properties and in particular, the f...

The ability to predict transformation behaviour during steel processing, such as primary heat treatments or welding, is extremely beneficial for tailoring microstructures and properties to a desired application. In this work, a model for predicting t...

Vertically acquired, endosymbiotic bacteria such as those belonging to the Rickettsiales and the Mollicutes are known to influence the biology of their arthropod hosts in order to favour their own transmission. In this study we investigate the influe...

Many domestic dogs are uncomfortable when humans perform trivial and benign actions that the animals perceive as threatening. A common technique for addressing canine emotional discomfort involves desensitization, where the intensity of a problematic...

Globally, unhealthy dietary behaviours are consistently seen to significantly contribute to the burden caused by diet-related diseases (DRDs). This is particularly evident among adolescents, a demographic that are at a critical stage of development f...

Thermodynamics studies the transformations of energy occurring in open systems. Living systems, with particular reference to cells, are complex systems in which energy transformations occur. Thermo-electro-chemical processes and transports occur acro...

Ethanol addiction belongs to the most important problems encountered in the domain of human mental health. The research on the behavioural effects of exposure to/consumption of ethanol are investigated largely with the help of animal models that also...

Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) typically involves pharmacological methods and adjunct behavioural modifications, focused on changing diet and physical activity (PA) behaviours. Changing diet and physical activity behaviours is complex and any beh...

A widely used technique for locating the position of a train during its journey involves electrical detection: on a section of track, the train closes (“shunts”) a circuit dedicated to its location via its wheels and axles. The quality of...

Salt plays a major role in food manufacturing and affects the technological and sensory properties of foods. At the same time, high dietary salt intake increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and represents a considerable public health concern....

In shelters it is usual to conduct standardised behaviour assessments on admitted dogs. The information gathered from the assessment is used to identify dogs that are suitable for adoption and assist in matching the dog with suitable adopters. These...

Starvation occurs when the lubricated contact uses up the lubricant supply, and there is not enough lubricant in the contact to support the separation between solid surfaces. On the other hand, the use of textures on surfaces in lubricated contacts c...

The 304 Stainless Steel (SS304) is severely affected by salt water corrosion due to its high surface wettability. By reducing its surface wettability, its corrosion can be reduced. To achieve this, topographical modification of the steel surface is a...

The purpose of this study is to examine factors affecting green food product purchase intentions and, specifically, to specify the role of past behaviour in shaping purchase intentions for these products and in switching to environmentally friendly f...

The host’s response to acute infections or tissue injury is a sophisticated and coordinated adaptive modification called sickness behaviour. Many herbs have been studied for their ability to protect animals against experimentally induced sickne...

Sub-zero treatment of Vanadis 6 steel resulted in a considerable reduction of retained austenite amount, refinement of martensite, enhancement of population density of carbides, and modification of precipitation behaviour. Tempering of sub-zero-treat...

Steel connections are designed with components such as bolts, plates, and welds. The proof of the plates loaded in-plane can be made by hand calculations or more realistic with a nonlinear FE-simulation. As an alternative method, a modified version o...

The characterization of membranes is suitable to investigate changes in the membrane properties caused by Layer-by-Layer (LbL) modification. Besides permeability, rejection, and molecular-weight cut-off (MWCO), which give information about the modifi...

Confinement can be stressful for some dogs and this can lead to behavioural issues and poor welfare. A key component of the stress response is behavioural arousal, characterised by increased alertness and sensory sensitivity. This makes behavioural o...

While the modification of surface contacts offers significant potential for friction reduction, obtaining an underlying consistent friction behaviour of real-life experiments and virtual simulations is still an ongoing challenge. In particular, most...

Chronic stress is known to perturb serotonergic regulation in the brain, leading to mood, learning and memory impairments and increasing the risk of developing mood disorders. The influence of the gut microbiota on serotonergic regulation in the brai...

In many industrial applications, a modification of the surface geometry can enhance the tribological behaviour of lubricated sliding contacts. In this paper, the effect of surface texturing on the coefficient of friction in parallel sliding lubricate...

Reports suggest that dogs have experienced more quality time with their owners and have exhibited less separation-related behaviour during COVID-19. This study aims to define and explore the changes in the social behaviour of adult dogs, identify any...