Search Results (10,371)

Mountain nature-based recreation spaces often combine high ecological quality with practical accessibility, yet they may also be constrained by sudden flash floods. Existing studies generally assess recreation opportunities and flood hazards separately, making it difficult to determine how potential recreation spaces progressively enter the scope of safety attention under different rainfall conditions. Taking Guizhou Province, China, as a case study, we developed history-informed standardised event-rainfall scenarios, assessed relative flash-flood potential using an NRCS-CN–HAND framework, and identified potential nature-based recreation opportunities from habitat quality and road proximity. We then analysed how areas requiring safety attention changed across rainfall conditions. The results show that the spatial extent of high relative flash-flood potential increased with event-total rainfall, but the rate of expansion varied markedly among rainfall stages, with the greatest province-wide expansion occurring between 30 and 40 mm. When potential recreation opportunities were intersected with high-potential areas, the resulting safety-attention areas expanded rapidly between 40 and 60 mm, with the largest increment between 40 and 50 mm. Activation rainfall for potential recreation opportunities was concentrated mainly between 50 and 70 mm and differed among prefecture-level units. By evaluating recreation opportunities and flash-flood constraints independently and linking them under comparable rainfall conditions, this study extends static recreation-opportunity mapping into dynamic safety screening and provides a practical spatial basis for prioritised site review, tiered inspection, and differentiated management of mountain nature-based recreation spaces. Full article

Urban folk cultural spaces are increasingly shaped by everyday practices, periodic events, tourism activities, and digital media. This study examines how urban folk culture in Tianjin can be understood as dynamic scenes of spatiotemporal activation and digital visibility rather than static mapped locations. Based on 6682 cleaned geotagged Weibo records, the study combines GIS-based spatial analysis, temporal analysis, ST-DBSCAN spatiotemporal clustering, high-frequency word analysis, and NLP sentiment classification, supplemented by field observations and contextual materials. The results show that folk-related digital traces are concentrated in Tianjin’s historical core and major cultural and riverfront areas, while different folk-cultural categories display distinct spatial coverage and digital visibility. Relationships among spatiotemporal clusters, interpreted together with contextual evidence, reveal three recurrent spatial organization patterns: route-linked, processional, and dispersed multi-node structures. These patterns reflect connected corridors, event-driven sequential activation, and recurrent independent nodes rather than corresponding directly to folk-cultural categories. Public evaluation further indicates that high digital visibility does not necessarily correspond to uniformly positive experience. The study provides an analytical approach that connects mapped cultural locations with their temporal activation, spatial relationships, and public evaluation. Full article

Bird activity levels present an increasing trend in China. Bird strike risks for the aviation industry are positively correlated with bird activity. Migratory birds pose greater threats to airplanes due to their broader distribution and larger mass. A reliable broad-area surveillance solution for migratory birds is critical for bird strike warning and prevention. This paper introduces a broad-area migratory bird identification model based on weather radar systems. A customized feature space and a sample-separation optimization strategy are proposed for more accurate identification of bird targets in weather radar resolution volumes. A new bird density calculation model is proposed to accommodate nonuniform bird distributions and provide a more reasonable bird quantity interpretation. The relevance between bird density and weather parameters is modeled by specific data sampling and a numerical regression model. Weather radar data files from two stations in China are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results indicate that the bird identification model could provide reasonable bird surveillance information, and the density prediction models present good consistency with existing datasets. Differences among radar stations and seasons prove the necessity of building individual bird density prediction models. Identification and prediction models are expected to be further optimized with more data support and cross-validation information. Quantitative and qualitative prediction products provide valuable references for bird strike prediction and prevention. Full article

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens are widely available and represent a valuable resource for retrospective cancer research; however, chemical cross-linking has historically limited their application in proteomic studies. In this study, we developed a proteomic workflow for laser-microdissected FFPE neuroblastoma tissues and evaluated their biological characteristics in comparison with established neuroblastoma cell lines. Tumor regions were isolated from FFPE sections by laser microdissection, and protein profiles were analyzed using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. Seven high-risk neuroblastoma FFPE samples and four neuroblastoma cell lines were examined. A total of 4511 proteins were identified in FFPE tissues and 6812 proteins in cell lines, with 4311 proteins shared between both systems. After quality filtering, 2186 proteins were retained for downstream quantitative analyses. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering demonstrated clear separation between FFPE tissues and cell lines despite a strong overall correlation in mean protein abundance across the quantified proteome. Differential abundance and functional enrichment analyses revealed distinct proteomic features between the two systems. Proteins enriched in FFPE tissues were associated with extracellular vesicles, the extracellular space, the cornified envelope, intermediate filament organization and cell junctions. In contrast, proteins enriched in neuroblastoma cell lines were associated with RNA binding, translation, rRNA processing, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, reflecting enhanced biosynthetic and metabolic activity. Together, these findings demonstrate that FFPE tissues and neuroblastoma cell lines capture complementary aspects of neuroblastoma biology, supporting their combined use as a comprehensive framework for biomarker discovery and translational research in pediatric oncology. Full article

Against the backdrop of population aging, community public spaces are important neighborhood settings for older adults’ daily activities, social ties, and mental well-being. However, few studies have integrated multidimensional perceived environmental attributes, parallel physical-activity and social-participation pathways, and recent positive mental well-being within a single framework. A cross-sectional survey involved 842 adults aged 60 years or older from 15 communities in Shenyang, China. Perceived environmental attributes comprised Functional Supportiveness, Perceived Restorativeness, and Social Interaction Support, with Neighborhood Outdoor Physical Activity and Community-Based Social Participation specified as parallel mediators and mental well-being assessed using the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. Analyses included confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, bootstrap tests, and multigroup analysis. All three environmental attributes were significantly and positively associated with both community activities and mental well-being, with significant indirect effects through both activity pathways. Among the three environmental attributes, Perceived Restorativeness showed the strongest associations with Neighborhood Outdoor Physical Activity and mental well-being, whereas Social Interaction Support showed the strongest association with Community-Based Social Participation. Age-group differences were non-monotonic and path-specific, while structural heterogeneity was more pronounced across community types. These findings support age-friendly public-space renewal integrating support for use, restorative experiences, and opportunities for social interaction across age groups and community contexts. Full article

Sequential systems are commonly analysed with probabilistic, state-space, dynamical and learning-based methods, yet these approaches may define state spaces broader than the states that an active system can actually reach under structural constraints, regimes and accumulated history. This creates a systems-representation problem: inference can remain technically valid while operating over infeasible states or transitions. Deterministic Systems Intelligence (DSI) is developed as a systems-science framework for addressing that problem by operationalising admissibility as an explicit pre-inferential systems layer. DSI distinguishes conceivable from admissible state spaces and defines a set-valued admissible-state operator constructed from clock, regime, memory and constraint predicates. Six scoped methodological propositions specify implications for feasibility, masking, regime transition, memory, optimisation and admissibility-consistent explanation. The framework is positioned relative to cybernetics, viability and reachability theory, state-space modelling, nonlinear dynamics, time-series analysis and machine learning, with explicit boundaries on what DSI inherits and what it adds. A fully specified sequential-system example demonstrates how identical observed emissions can yield different admissible futures under different clocks, regimes and histories, while comparative evaluation criteria are defined for admissibility construction and inferential withholding. DSI is proposed as a complementary admissibility layer that makes representational feasibility explicit before downstream estimation, prediction, optimisation or release governance. Full article

The rapid development of cryptocurrency has led to an urgent demand for anomaly detection targeting illegal transaction activities. Cryptocurrency transaction networks have two core characteristics: class imbalance and connection heterophily. Existing anomaly-detection methods tend to cause over-smoothing of anomaly nodes’ features and have low recall rates for anomaly nodes, resulting in poor detection performance. Although some studies have noticed these challenges separately, there is still a lack of a unified solution framework. This paper proposes a cryptocurrency anomaly-detection framework specially designed for cryptocurrency transaction scenarios. It consists of three core modules: Heterophily-adaptive Aggregation Module, Generation-based Minority Class Oversampling Module, and Ensemble Anomaly-Detection Classifier. The Heterophily-adaptive Aggregation Module enables the framework to resist heterophily noise during learning node embeddings by adaptively adjusting the aggregation weights of neighboring nodes. The Generation-based Minority Class Oversampling Module augments the learned minority node embeddings in the embedding space to obtain a more balanced class distribution. Finally, the Ensemble Anomaly-Detection Classifier is used to predict the detection result. Experimental results on multiple cryptocurrency transaction datasets show that the proposed framework significantly outperforms traditional machine learning methods and mainstream graph neural network models. Full article

Traction electric machines in electrified mobility are constrained by limited supply voltage and critical materials. Active winding reconfiguration (AWR) changes the winding connection during operation to improve voltage utilization and field-weakening (FW) capability. However, general design rules for AWR remain limited. This work extends the characteristic-current-based normalized parameter-plane framework to AWR via topology-dependent reconfiguration factors and evaluates the resulting torque-speed-power behavior over the design space. The analytical model is compared against finite-element analysis of six baseline machines and test-bench measurements from one machine. Normalized characteristic current is the dominant design parameter, capturing the balance between magnetic and current loading, while saliency and the reconfiguration factor set the magnitude of the benefit. Figures of merit are defined to quantify reconfiguration benefit across peak performance, crossover points, torque-speed envelopes, and part-load performance. Across these figures of merit, three explicit thresholds for normalized characteristic current are analytically derived and identified. Below the lowest threshold, designs such as synchronous reluctance and ferrite-assisted machines gain up to four times higher constant power speed range and 40% higher peak power, based on the analytical model. Above it and up to the middle threshold, conventional rare-earth traction machines gain mainly in part-load efficiency instead. Above the highest threshold, narrow-FW designs gain mainly in speed-range extension. These thresholds provide generalized, geometry-independent early-stage AWR screening for traction machine concepts. Full article

Ground-side monitors may observe UAV communication alongside ordinary IP traffic, even when application payloads are encrypted or removed during capture. Detection then relies on observable packet metadata: packet length, inter-arrival time, direction, and transport protocol. Changes in platforms, communication patterns, and link conditions can also produce target UAV traffic absent from training. A detector must therefore retain training-unseen UAV communication while rejecting non-UAV background traffic with similar local statistics. We propose a hierarchical detector for IP-based UAV communication. It converts bidirectional packet streams into fixed-length windows, learns multi-scale temporal representations, screens the target UAV support space, and assesses candidate and boundary windows using periodic and morphological descriptors. We evaluate known and training-unseen UAV traffic, mixed non-UAV background traffic, controlled perturbations, and limited external-domain cases. The method provides communication-side evidence for IP-based UAV activity and is intended to complement physical sensing; radio links without an observable IP/transport layer remain outside its scope. Full article

The single-stage three-phase isolated Y-rectifier (iYR) merges power-factor correction and galvanic isolation into two conventional B6 bridges. Its power is conventionally regulated by the phase-shift angle alone at a fixed switching frequency. At light load, the transformer current then forms high-peak pulses whose rms value is large relative to the transferred power, and the efficiency falls. This paper proposes a hybrid phase-shift and variable-frequency control that raises the switching frequency as the load falls, without altering the internal space-vector timings. At the lightest tested load, about 300$\mathrm{W}$, the measured rms current falls by roughly 50 when the frequency is raised from 25$\mathrm{k}$$\mathrm{Hz}$ to 80$\mathrm{k}$$\mathrm{Hz}$. The loss-optimal frequency is identified from hardware measurements rather than from simulation, and is stored as a two-dimensional look-up table indexed on the power reference and the dc output voltage. The strategy is validated on a 3$\mathrm{k}$$\mathrm{W}$ prototype over a 350$\mathrm{V}$–450$\mathrm{V}$ dc-bus range and a 25$\mathrm{k}$$\mathrm{Hz}$–80$\mathrm{k}$$\mathrm{Hz}$ frequency range. At 400$\mathrm{V}$ and 300$\mathrm{W}$, the measured loss falls by $38.6$, raising the efficiency from $85.1$ to $90.3$ . Two transformer designs differing only in the magnetizing inductance are compared, which sets the frequency range over which the strategy reduces the loss. Full article

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy has become an important biomedical imaging modality for visualizing optical absorption contrast with micrometer-scale spatial resolution in superficial tissues. Because this modality relies on tightly focused laser illumination, precise optical alignment is essential, and free-space-to-fiber laser coupling is one of the most critical alignment steps. This issue becomes particularly important in transportable optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy systems, where repetitive manual readjustment is required. Although our previous automated coupling approach based on motorized mirror control reduced the need for manual beam-path alignment, its optimization capability was limited when the focal position relative to the fiber core is not actively controlled. In this study, we propose an upgraded automated fiber-coupling module that integrates beam steering and fiber-side focusing alignment. In addition to the incident beam path control using motorized mirrors, a piezo-driven three-axis stage carries the coupling objective lens to align the focused beam with the fiber core. The coupled light was divided into imaging and monitoring paths, enabling real-time feedback-based optimization. The proposed module was validated by achieving high-quality photoacoustic images of both phantom and biological tissue through automated coupling. By extending automated coupling from mirror-based beam steering alone to combined beam steering and three-axis fiber-core alignment, the proposed coupling module provides a practical solution for improving the robustness, usability, and transportability of optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy platforms and other fiber-coupled optical imaging systems. Full article

Telecommunication, energy generation, defense and research are just a few of the sectors that need to deploy structures in the space environment. Traditional systems are complex and expensive and, as a result, there is a critical need for new solutions. Shape memory polymer composites (SMPCs) have the potential to be used in such systems, since they can provide an actuation load during shape recovery. In this paper, an SMPC device with an embedded heat source, used to trigger the shape change, was manufactured by hand lamination and autoclave molding. A thermo-mechanical cycle was applied to investigate the SM ability. Tests were performed by powering the heat source from 20 V to 24 V. Recovery angle and recovery speed were evaluated at 24 V. Microscopy showed that a good level of agglomeration was reached thanks to autoclave molding, with the functional interlayer being uniformly distributed. SM tests underlined that the recovery load was not affected by the memory temperature and, regardless of the activation temperature, it always reached the same plateau value. Finally, the SMPC device was integrated into a 1U CubeSat and used to deploy one of its sides; an opening of 28 deg was obtained in only 45 s. Full article

The long-term space missions and helium ion (⁴He) radiotherapy require assessing of the consequences on the central nervous system. This study investigated the effects of total-body irradiation with 2 Gy helium ions on the brain of male Balb/c mice, focusing on cognitive function, microglial status, gene expression, and systemic metabolism. No statistically significant deficits in hippocampus-dependent behavior or spatial memory were detected. However, cellular and molecular alterations were detected. A decreased Iba1-positive cell density was observed at several post-irradiation time points, accompanied by morphological shifts towards a less ramified state. Gene expression analysis revealed a complex response, including a mixed neuroimmune activation profile, altered expression of redox-related genes, and downregulation of key defense genes. Metabolomics identified changes in 19 plasma metabolites consistent with alterations in energy and amino acid metabolism. Although 2 Gy did not manifest in overt cognitive impairment in the early delayed period, molecular and cellular alterations were detectable at 8 weeks, including decreased Iba1-positive cell density at several post-irradiation time points, changes in microglial morphology, altered expression of neuroimmune and redox-related genes, and systemic metabolic changes. These findings underscore the importance of multimodal assessment beyond behavioral testing in experimental models of helium-ion exposure. Because the exposure conditions used here differ from both the chronic mixed-field GCR environment and localized clinical helium-ion therapy, the results should be regarded as fundamental radiobiological observations rather than direct predictions of spaceflight or radiotherapy outcomes. Full article

The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) is a major vector of Huanglongbing (HLB), a devastating citrus disease worldwide. In addition to vectoring HLB, D. citri is a significant economic pest in its own right, causing direct damage to citrus by feeding on tender shoots, leading to leaf distortion, shoot dieback, and sooty mold infestation. Chemical control remains the primary strategy for managing D. citri populations, but heavy reliance on insecticides has led to insecticide resistance. Coumarin and its derivatives, as a natural product, are widely recognized for their insecticidal activities against various agricultural pests. In this study, the insecticidal activity of 11 coumarin compounds against D. citri nymphs was evaluated by bioassay, among which 7-methylcoumarin exhibited the most substantial efficacy. Moreover, the insecticidal mechanism of 7-methylcoumarin was assessed by a comparative transcriptome analysis, and 294 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 165 up-regulated and 129 down-regulated genes. GO enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in extracellular region/space, (chitin-based) cuticle development, and structural constituent of (chitin-based) cuticle terms, especially down-regulated genes related to cuticle proteins, chemosensory proteins and odorant-binding proteins, which were further verified by qPCR. Among chemosensory genes, only DcCSP2 was significantly up-regulated, indicating its potential involvement in the defense response of D. citri. Suppression of DcCSP2 via RNAi significantly increased susceptibility to 7-methylcoumarin in D. citri nymphs. Molecular docking revealed that 7-methylcoumarin binds within the internal hydrophobic cavity of DcCSP2. This finding provided a potential molecular mechanism underlying the action of coumarin compounds against pest insects and may contribute to facilitating the development of new strategies for managing insecticide resistance. Full article

To address the difficulty in determining underground working face geometry when mining records are incomplete or mining activities are concealed, this study proposes an InSAR-constrained method for inverting the geometric parameters of concealed working faces. The method uses the line-of-sight (LOS) deformation field derived from LuTan-1 InSAR observations as the primary input. The search ranges of mining depth, mining thickness, coal seam dip angle, strike azimuth, working face center coordinates, strike length, and dip length are constrained using the morphology of the subsidence basin, available empirical parameters, and the Probability Integral Method (PIM). These constraints reduce the uncertainty caused by a large search space and parameter coupling in high-dimensional inversion. An adaptive multi-strategy differential evolution algorithm is then introduced. Latin hypercube sampling is used for population initialization. Dynamic parameter adjustment, multiple mutation strategies, reflective boundary handling, and local refinement are incorporated to improve optimization stability in complex parameter spaces. The simulation results show that the proposed method generally outperforms particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, evolutionary strategy, and standard differential evolution in inversion accuracy, convergence stability, and robustness to errors. It can reliably recover the main geometric parameters of a predefined working face. In the engineering case study of the 97,315 working face, the inverted active-mining geometry during the LuTan-1 observation period is generally consistent with the corresponding mine records, with a deformation-fitting RMSE of 32.53 mm and relative errors of the main geometric parameters below 7.9%. Parameter sensitivity analysis further shows that the geometric dimensions and center location of the working face have pronounced effects on the LOS deformation field. These parameters should therefore be tightly constrained during inversion. The results demonstrate that the proposed method provides a feasible remote-sensing approach for identifying concealed working faces and estimating goaf geometric parameters in mining areas with incomplete records. Full article