The French adaptation of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale of Children, 5th edition (WISC-V) was an opportunity to examine if some common representations of gender differences in intellectual abilities are supported by empirical evidence. The WISC-V st...
Since the seminal work of Spearman, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis represents the standard method of examining the dimensionality of psychological instruments. Recently, within the network psychometrics approach, a new procedure was pro...
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by cognitive and behavioural impairments. This study aimed to identify cognitive patterns associated with ADHD in a sample of 719 children and ad...
One important aspect of construct validity is structural validity. Structural validity refers to the degree to which scores of a psychological test are a reflection of the dimensionality of the construct being measured. A factor analysis, which assum...
The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is a widely used instrument for assessing cognitive abilities in children. While the latest fifth edition (WISC-V) has been adapted in various countries, Indonesia still relies on the outdated first...
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has a high comorbidity with specific learning disorders (SLD). Children with ADHD and children with SLD show specific cognitive deficits. This study aims to examine similarities and differences between...
Several studies have examined performance on the Wechsler batteries in typically developing children and adolescents. In particular, some studies suggest that cognitive functioning may differ between males and females. In this framework, the present...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) diagnosis relies heavily on subjective behavioural ratings, which are susceptible to informant bias. This study examined whether combining a psychometric cognitive assessment with behavioural rating sca...
5 March 2025
This study aimed to explore the prevalence of learning disabilities (LDs) and the emotional–behavioral difficulties in 208 children from the Crete region in Greece, and who voluntarily presented themselves for study and were evaluated by a univ...
Intelligence test batteries are a common tool in psychological assessment. Their results can have a large impact on an individual’s life, especially for children and adolescents. Despite this, uncertainty remains as to what extent these results...
Measurement invariance of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V) 10-primary subtest battery was analyzed across a group of children and adolescents with ADHD (n = 91) and a control group (n = 91) matched by sex, age, mig...
The WISC-V is a widely used scale in clinical and educational settings in Chile. Given that its use guides critical decision-making for children and adolescents, it is essential to have evidence of its psychometric properties, including validity base...
The Cattell–Horn–Carroll (CHC) model is based on psychometric cognitive ability research and is the most empirically supported model of cognitive ability constructs. This study is one in a series of cross-national comparisons investigatin...
Response times may constitute an important additional source of information about cognitive ability as it enables to distinguishing between different intraindividual response processes. In this paper, we present a method to disentangle interindividua...
This study sought to verify whether the constructs measured on the WISC-V are equivalent according to sex and age group in Chilean students to substantiate intergroup comparisons. For this, the measurement invariance of two variants of the five-facto...
Despite being repeatedly investigated in children with typical development, research on gender differences in intellectual abilities in specific groups of children, including children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), has been sca...
Iodine deficiency, the most common cause of preventable mental impairment worldwide, has been linked to poorer intellectual function in several studies. However, to our knowledge, no studies have been performed in moderate iodine-deficient schoolchil...
A cross-lagged panel analysis of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) intelligence test scores and reading and math achievement test scores of 337 students twice assessed for special education eligibility across a test-re...
Several studies have examined the cognitive profile of people with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (ASD) (IQ > 70), and its relationship with the symptoms of ASD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), using the Wechsler In...
The aim of this research was to characterize cognitive abilities in patients with Glut1-Deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) following ketogenic diet therapy (KDT). Methods: The cognitive profiles of eight children were assessed using the Wechsler Intellige...
14 January 2026
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) frequently coexist and share heterogeneous cognitive manifestations, yet their specific performance patterns on Wechsler scales remain poorly systematized. This meta-analysis synthesized...
The prevalence of substance abuse is high during adolescence, and several studies have linked the use of alcohol and cannabis in adolescence to different cognitive impairments. To investigate whether specific cognitive deficits can be observed in ado...
The most common treatment approach for children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) involves drug therapy; however, persuading parents and motivating children in the early stages of treatment is challenging. Consequently, t...
This study investigates the “competence–performance gap” between cognitive ability (measured by the WISC-IV) and actual adaptive performance (measured by the ABAS-II) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and examines the...
Background: Electronic waste (e-waste) recycling in informal settings like Agbogbloshie in Accra, Ghana, releases toxic metals into the environment, posing serious health risks to nearby residents, particularly children. This study assessed the body...
Research from different sources supports a link between nutrition and neurodevelopment, but evidence is still sparse regarding the relationship between a posteriori dietary patterns (DPs) and cognitive performance in school-aged children. Within the...
Background and Objectives: Late long-term outcomes of perinatal asphyxia (PA) in school-age are often unclear. To assess long-term outcomes at an early school age in children who had experienced perinatal hypoxia or asphyxia, where therapeutic hypoth...
Background/Objectives: Children born small for gestational age (SGA) are at increased risk for impaired growth, metabolic disturbances, and neurodevelopmental difficulties. Although previous research has examined cognitive and behavioral outcomes in...
The knowledge of the effects of organophosphate flame retardants on children’s neurodevelopment is limited. The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the association between exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and children&rsq...
Though considered a benign condition, idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) may be associated with decreased visual acuity and oculo-motor abnormalities, resulting in developmental delays and poor academic performance. Nevertheless, the specific visua...
Information about the effects of phthalates and non-phthalate substitute cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (HEXAMOLL® DINCH) on children’s neurodevelopment is limited. The aim of the present research is to evaluate the asso...
Research on the association between callous–unemotional (CU) traits and intelligence yielded contradictory results. Moreover, several previous studies focused on global intelligence scores or verbal vs. nonverbal/performance abilities usually e...
The overwhelming majority of the research on the historical impact of IQ in special education has focused on children with cognitive disorders. Far less is known about its role for students with emotional concerns, including Emotional Disturbance (ED...
Background/Objectives: Adolescence is a dynamic neurodevelopmental period during which structured language performance may reflect ongoing biological reorganization processes. This study examined whether inflammatory, nutritional, and hormonal biomar...
IQ scores are often used to predict school performance. However, for children with learning disabilities, the predictive validity of IQ scores appears to be low. In the fourth and fifth versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (WISC)...
Evidence suggests that cytokines may be one of the major factors influencing cognitive development in those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To shed light on the neural and cognitive mechanisms of ASD, we investigated the association between peri...
Background: General ability and verbal–performance organisation are established features of Wechsler batteries, while the diagnostic value of subtest profile types remains contested. We examined whether ten WISC-R subtests in a large clinical r...
This study investigates the semantic development of V-diao in Taiwan Mandarin-speaking children, focusing on how they acquire both literal and non-literal meanings. Three key factors influencing this acquisition—type, metaphoricality, and conte...
The manifestation of performance at the top of a given talent distribution constitutes giftedness. While identifying talented youths based on IQ has been the focus of previous research, examining their cognitive profile is a new endeavor. The present...
Multidimensional scaling (MDS) was used as an alternate multivariate procedure for investigating intelligence and academic achievement test score correlations. Correlation coefficients among Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WI...
Previous research has highlighted that active lifestyles that contribute to improved physical fitness are positively related to cognitive functioning in children and adolescents. Specifically, the increase in physical condition at school age is consi...
Background/Objectives: Childhood asthma is increasingly viewed as a systemic condition that may also affect neurodevelopmental processes. We examined language and cognitive performance and their associations with serum biomarkers of neuroinflammation...
Photovoltaic (PV) modules suffer from a reduction of electric conversion due to the high operating temperatures of the PV cells. Hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) technology represents an effective solution for cooling the PV cells. This paper discu...
The identification of gifted students with learning disabilities (GLD) remains theoretically and methodologically contested. The present study examined cognitive and reading profiles of 150 Greek students in Grades 4–6, classified as gifted wit...
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children is prevalent worldwide and affects their physiological, psychological, and cognitive functions. However, the research on OSA’s impact on children’s cognitive function remains inconclus...
22 August 2025
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood and adolescence, characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. These symptoms often interfere with acad...
Background: Some recent studies suggest that children and adolescents with different neurodevelopmental disorders perform worse in emotions recognition through facial expressions (ER) compared with typically developing peers. This impairment is also...
Background: The aim of our study was to trace a specific neuropsychological profile, to investigate emotional-behavioral problems and parental stress in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Level 1/High functioning (ASD-HF), Specific Learning Disor...
Background/Objectives: Increasing fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake may benefit children’s neurobehavioral development, but randomized evidence remains limited. We evaluated whether F&V-enriched breakfast improves cognition, attention an...
Background: Children with heart failure (HF) are at risk of cognitive and psychiatric problems, and reduced health-related quality of life (QoL), yet data remain limited. This study compared neurocognition, social cognition, health-related quality of...
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