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Background: Cognitive and psychiatric disorders are caused by a complex interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental exposures, and dynamic molecular regulation in the brain. Animal models provide a controlled environment for examining these mechanisms, and advances in transcriptome and epigenomic technologies have greatly expanded our knowledge of disease-relevant pathways. Objective: This scoping review systematically maps and synthesizes the epigenetic and transcriptomic findings from the established animal models of four neuropsychiatric conditions—autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, depression, and Rett syndrome—drawing on a PRISMA-ScR-guided literature search. The review characterizes the breadth of evidence, identifies convergent and divergent molecular pathways, and highlights the translational gaps and therapeutic implications. Methods: Research employing chromatin accessibility testing, genome-wide DNA methylation mapping, single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing, histone modification profiling, and multi-omics integration in mouse and other validated animal models was thoroughly reviewed. A quality appraisal of the primary experimental studies (n = 63) was performed using a modified CAMARADES checklist. Results: Beyond generalized cellular stress responses, multi-omics analysis emphasizes the cell-type- and context-dependent nature of epigenetic changes in animal models, including isoform-specific histone modifications and model-dependent binding of HDAC/MeCP2 complexes to genes involved in synaptic plasticity. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses have uniformly shown transcriptional changes in parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons. Conclusions: The specific convergence of epigenetic disruptions in neural circuits involved in synaptic structure and inhibitory function could play a role in the generation of neuropsychiatric phenotypes in animal models, highlighting the importance of circuit- and cell-type-specific epigenetics while pointing to potential therapeutic avenues. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Neuropsychiatry: Target Discovery for Mental Disorders)

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26 pages, 11322 KB

Open AccessReview

Avian Infective Endocarditis Associated with Vagococcus fluvialis: A Case Report and Literature Review

by Ruy D. Chacón, Thamyres Fernandes de Amorim, Tania Cencara Rojas, Karen Tafur-Trujillo, Alexander Ramirez-Montes, Giovanna Sola Castanho, Henrique Lage Hagemann, Julia Ferreira Waldvogel, Claudete S. Astolfi-Ferreira, Andrea Micke Moreno and Antonio J. Piantino Ferreira

Animals 2026, 16(8), 1267; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16081267 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

Avian infective endocarditis is an uncommon but severe disease that is typically diagnosed postmortem because of nonspecific clinical signs and rapid progression. In the present study, five broiler chickens (n = 5) from a commercial flock were examined with septicemia and lesions suggestive of endocarditis. This study reports the first molecularly confirmed and characterized case of valvular endocarditis associated with multidrug-resistant Vagococcus fluvialis in poultry and provides a comprehensive review of bacterial endocarditis in avian species. The case involved a broiler chicken that presented with sudden death and septicemic lesions, including vegetative valvular endocarditis, pericarditis, and multiorgan involvement. Bacterial isolates recovered from cardiac lesions were identified as V. fluvialis using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed a multidrug resistance profile, with resistance to several antimicrobial classes commonly used in poultry production. The literature review identified published studies describing avian infective endocarditis, which predominantly affects poultry and is caused mainly by Gram-positive bacteria, with clinical signs and necropsy findings largely overlapping across etiologies. These findings highlight the novelty of V. fluvialis as a potential etiological agent of avian infective endocarditis and underscores the diagnostic challenges associated with avian endocarditis, particularly when uncommon pathogens are involved, and underscore the importance of advanced identification methods for an accurate etiological determination. Collectively, the results of this study expand the spectrum of bacterial species associated with avian infective endocarditis and emphasize the relevance of antimicrobial resistance and improved diagnostic strategies in poultry health and disease surveillance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Poultry)

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20 pages, 1277 KB

Open AccessTechnical Note

Characterizing Drift-Limited Performance in Unguided Astrophotography with Large-Aperture Newtonian Telescopes

by Jorge Nisperuza and Sebastian Valencia

Galaxies 2026, 14(2), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies14020035 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

This technical note evaluates the observational performance limits of unguided smartphone-based astrophotography using a large-aperture Newtonian telescope under low-latitude sky conditions. Observations were conducted with a consumer-grade 10-inch Newtonian reflector coupled to an iPhone 15 Pro Max mounted on a manual altazimuth system, without motorized tracking, under semi-urban skies in Planeta Rica, Colombia (8.4° N). Image acquisition employed 5 s exposures in night mode combined with real-time manual drift correction. Under these conditions, resolved stellar and nebular structures were obtained for the Orion Nebula (M42) and the open clusters Messier 44 and Messier 41, reaching a limiting magnitude of approximately 9.5 while maintaining stellar elongation below ~1–1.3 arcminutes, consistent with the expected sidereal drift during a 5 s exposure. Lunar imaging achieved high spatial fidelity, resolving terminator features such as Tycho and Mare Imbrium with negligible motion artifacts. Imaging of Sirius (–1.46 mag) revealed pronounced sensor saturation and blooming, highlighting dynamic range limitations inherent to smartphone detectors. Quantitative analysis indicates that active manual correction reduced positional drift by approximately 52% relative to theoretical unguided motion models. The results demonstrate that optimized acquisition protocols enable reproducible and methodologically interpretable imaging of bright astronomical targets at equatorial latitudes, providing a practical framework for characterizing the constraints of unguided smartphone astrophotography. Full article

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1 pages, 113 KB

Open AccessRetraction

RETRACTED: Cao et al. Energy-Efficient Distributed Welding Shop Scheduling Based on Multi-Objective Seagull Algorithm. Processes 2025, 13, 197

by Wengang Cao, Runkang Peng, Cuiruikai Li and Meimei Li

Processes 2026, 14(8), 1313; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14081313 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

The journal retracts the article titled “Energy-Efficient Distributed Welding Shop Scheduling Based on Multi-Objective Seagull Algorithm” [...] Full article

2 pages, 154 KB

Open AccessReply

Reply to Edward, R. Comment on “Fernandez Martin et al. Analgesia for Upper Abdominal Surgery, a Scoping Review of the Current Fascial Plane Block Techniques. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 8632”

by Maria T. Fernandez Martin, Edward R. Mariano, Luis F. Valdes-Vilches, Servando Lopez Alvarez and Nabil Elkassabany

J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(8), 3152; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15083152 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

Dear Editor, [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Anesthesiology)

2 pages, 165 KB

Open AccessComment

Comment on Fernandez Martin et al. Analgesia for Upper Abdominal Surgery, a Scoping Review of the Current Fascial Plane Block Techniques. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 8632

by Reginald Edward

J. Clin. Med. 2026, 15(8), 3151; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15083151 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

Thank you for the opportunity to respond [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Anesthesiology)

2 pages, 129 KB

Open AccessRetraction

RETRACTED: Ahmad et al. Lanthanum-Zinc Binary Oxide Nanocomposite with Promising Heterogeneous Catalysis Performance for the Active Conversion of 4-Nitrophenol into 4-Aminophenol. Coatings 2021, 11, 537

by Ikram Ahmad, Muhammad Asghar Jamal, Miara Iftikhar, Awais Ahmad, Shahid Hussain, Humaira Asghar, Muhammad Saeed, Ammar Bin Yousaf, Rama Rao Karri, Nada Sulaymaniyah Al-kadhi, Mohamed Ouladsmane, Ayman Ghfar and Safia Khan

Coatings 2026, 16(4), 502; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings16040502 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

The journal retracts the article titled “Lanthanum-Zinc Binary Oxide Nanocomposite with Promising Heterogeneous Catalysis Performance for the Active Conversion of 4-Nitrophenol into 4-Aminophenol” [...] Full article

1 pages, 145 KB

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: Pérez-Prieto et al. Are Hamstring Grafts a Predisposing Factor to Infection in R-ACL Surgery? A Comparative In Vitro Study. Pathogens 2023, 12, 761

by Daniel Pérez-Prieto, Svetlana Karbysheva, Andrej Trampuz, Oscar Fariñas, Joan C. Monllau and Ferran Corcoll

Pathogens 2026, 15(4), 447; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens15040447 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

In the original publication [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Bacterial Pathogens)

2 pages, 482 KB

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: Fahmy et al. PEGylated Chitosan Nanoparticles Encapsulating Ascorbic Acid and Oxaliplatin Exhibit Dramatic Apoptotic Effects against Breast Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 407

by Sherif Ashraf Fahmy, Asmaa Ramzy, Asmaa A. Mandour, Soad Nasr, Anwar Abdelnaser, Udo Bakowsky and Hassan Mohamed El-Said Azzazy

Pharmaceutics 2026, 18(4), 511; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics18040511 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

In the original publication [...] Full article

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1 pages, 127 KB

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: Patsouris et al. Advances in Innovative Surgical Implant Manufacturing for Hernia Repair and Soft Tissue Reconstruction. Bioengineering 2025, 12, 1182

by Stavros Patsouris, Panagiotis Mallis, Efstathios Michalopoulos, Nefeli Papadopoulou, Michalis Katsimpoulas and Nikolaos Nikiteas

Bioengineering 2026, 13(4), 481; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering13040481 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

Revisions to Authorship and Affiliation [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Regenerative Engineering)

18 pages, 1244 KB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of the Rate of Glucose Consumption on the Total Peroxyl Radical Trapping Antioxidant Potential (TRAP) of Plasma in Overweight Men and Women: A Randomized Trial

by Shannan M. Grant, Thomas M. S. Wolever, Alexandra Thompson, Laura Chiavaroli, Maxine Seider, Antonia Harvey, Megan Gray, Pauline Darling, Deborah O’Connor, Robert G. Josse, Kazimiera A. Mizier-Barre, David Kitts and Douglas Edward Barre

Antioxidants 2026, 15(4), 512; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox15040512 (registering DOI) - 21 Apr 2026

Abstract

Low glycemic-index foods may reduce postprandial oxidative stress by reducing postprandial glucose excursions, but the evidence for this is limited by dietary confounders. To determine whether reducing postprandial glucose per se reduces postprandial oxidative stress, overnight-fasted participants (BMI 25.0–39.9 kg/m², n = 18) consumed four test meals in random order: 75 g dextrose solution (Dex) within 5 min (bolus/noC), Dex slowly over 3.25 h (sipping/noC), bolus with 1 g vitamin C (bolus/C) and sipping with 1 g vitamin C (sipping/C). Venous blood was taken at intervals over 6 h; a standard lunch was consumed at 4 h. Sipping flattened postprandial glucose and insulin and reduced free fatty acid rebound compared to bolus (p < 0.05). Vitamin C raised serum vitamin C from ~20 to ~55 μmol/L. The total peroxyl radical trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP) increments differed after lunch, with a main effect of vitamin C at 5 h (mean ± SEM; C 70 ± 23 vs. noC −29 ± 27; p = 0.016) and main effects of rate (sipping 57 ± 25 vs. bolus −71 ± 28; p = 0.0002) and vitamin C (C 58 ± 25 vs. noC −73 ± 28; p = 0.0003) at 6 h. By multiple regression analysis, the TRAP area under the curve (AUC) was positively associated with the insulin AUC (p < 0.001) and negatively with the glucose and vitamin C AUCs (p < 0.05). The oxidized LDL increments were higher 6 h after sipping than bolus (7 ± 7 vs. −20 ± 7, p = 0.005). The oxidized LDL AUC was negatively associated with the TRAP AUC (p < 0.001). These results support the hypothesis that reducing postprandial glucose reduces postprandial oxidative stress. Full article

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