Search Results (5)

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation is a promising strategy for alleviating freshwater scarcity and water pollution. However, developing efficient evaporators using eco-friendly, renewable biomass remains a significant challenge. Herein, we report a bio-derived solar-driven interfacial evaporator (CSIE) based on iron–tannin modified collagen, further enhanced via mechanical micro-perforations to induce the Marangoni effect (EN-CSIE). The influence of pore size and open-area ratio on the Marangoni-driven flow was systematically investigated. The optimized EN-CSIE (with 1.2 mm pore size and 6.1% open-area ratio) achieved a superior evaporation rate of 2.5 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ with an energy conversion efficiency of 93.5% under 1 sun illumination. Furthermore, the system demonstrated exceptional purification capabilities, removing over 99.9% of metal ions and organic impurities. Long-term durability tests in 3.5 wt% saline water confirmed a stable evaporation rate of 2.3 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ over 15 continuous cycles. This low-cost and sustainable collagen-based evaporator presents a robust solution for solar-powered water desalination, particularly for decentralized clean water production in sun-rich regions. Full article

Since the use of chemical fuels is permanently damaging the environment, the need for new energy sources is urgent for mankind. Given that solar energy is a clean and sustainable energy source, this study investigates and proposes a six-layer composite ultra-wideband high-efficiency solar absorber with an annular microstructure. It achieves this by using a combination of the properties of metamaterials and the quantum confinement effects of semiconductor materials. The substrate is W–Ti–Al₂O₃, and the microstructure is an annular InAs-square InAs film–Ti film combination. We used Lumerical Solutions’ FDTD solution program to simulate the absorber and calculate the model’s absorption, field distribution, and thermal radiation efficiency (when it is used as a thermal emitter), and further explored the physical mechanism of the model’s ultra-broadband absorption. Our model has an average absorption of 95.80% in the 283–3615 nm band, 95.66% in the 280–4000 nm band, and a weighted average absorption efficiency of 95.78% under AM1.5 illumination. Meanwhile, the reflectance of the model in the 5586–20,000 nm band is all higher than 80%, with an average reflectance of 94.52%, which has a good thermal infrared suppression performance. It is 95.42% under thermal radiation at 1000 K. It has outstanding performance when employed as a thermal emitter as well. Additionally, simulation results show that the absorber has good polarization and incidence angle insensitivity. The model may be applied to photodetection, thermophotovoltaics, bio-detection, imaging, thermal ion emission, and solar water evaporation for water purification. Full article

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs), the zero dimensional (0D) single nanostructures, have many exciting technological applications in diversified fields such as sensors, light emitting devices, bio imaging probes, solar cells, etc. They are emerging as a functional tool to modulate light by means of molecular engineering due to its merits, including relatively low extend of loss, large outstretch of spatial confinement and control via doping, size and shape. In this article, we present a one pot, facile and ecofriendly synthesis approach for fabricating GQDs via pulsed laser irradiation of an organic solvent (toluene) without any catalyst. It is a promising synthesis choice to prepare GQDs due to its fast production, lack of byproducts and further purification, as well as the control over the product by accurate tuning of laser parameters. In this work, the second (532 nm) and third harmonic (355 nm) wavelengths of a pulsed nanosecond Nd:YAG laser have been employed for the synthesis. It has been found that the obtained GQDs display fluorescence and is expected to have potential applications in optoelectronics and light-harvesting devices. In addition, nonlinear optical absorption of the prepared GQDs was measured using the open aperture z-scan technique (in the nanosecond regime). These GQDs exhibit excellent optical limiting properties, especially those synthesized at 532 nm wavelength. Full article

This paper explores the experiences of partners in the multi-national, EU-funded INNOQUA project, who have developed and are currently demonstrating the potential for novel nature-based, decentralised wastewater treatment solutions in ten different countries. Four solutions are under investigation, each at different Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs): Lumbrifilter; Daphniafilter; Bio-Solar Purification unit; UV disinfection unit. An overview of the solutions is provided, along within data from pilot sites. The project is currently entering an intensive demonstration phase, during which sites will be open for visits and act as the focus for training and dissemination activities on sustainable wastewater treatment. Barriers to market for nature-based solutions are also explored. Full article