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Authors = Marzena Tokarewicz ORCID = 0000-0002-6620-5282

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21 pages, 7349 KiB  
Article
Effect of Ti Doping of Al0.7CoCrFeNi-Based High Entropy Alloys on Their Erosion Resistance by Solid Particles
by Wojciech J. Nowak, Tadeusz Kubaszek, Andrzej Gradzik, Małgorzata Grądzka-Dahlke, Dariusz Perkowski, Marzena Tokarewicz, Mariusz Walczak and Mirosław Szala
Materials 2025, 18(14), 3328; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18143328 - 15 Jul 2025
Viewed by 259
Abstract
The erosion resistance of materials against solid particles is a very important property, especially in the transportation of powders or in aeronautics (dust inside jet engines). There is a strong need to introduce new materials that have higher solid particle erosion resistance than [...] Read more.
The erosion resistance of materials against solid particles is a very important property, especially in the transportation of powders or in aeronautics (dust inside jet engines). There is a strong need to introduce new materials that have higher solid particle erosion resistance than state-of-the-art materials. Thus, in the present work, the solid erosion particles of high entropy alloys (HEAs) based on the Al0.7CoCrFeNi matrix were studied compared to the state-of-the-art stainless steel AISI 304. Furthermore, the effect of the addition of Ti to HEAs on hardness and erosion resistance was investigated. Current research included the development of the chemical composition of a new kind of HEA designed on the basis of thermodynamical calculations performed in CALPHAD, its manufacturing, full characterization involving microstructural and phase analyses, hardness measurements, solid particle erosion tests, and finally, the elucidation of erosion mechanisms. It was found that HEAs showed higher hardness as well as erosion resistance than AISI 304. Moreover, it was found that the increase in Ti content in an HEA resulted in an increase in the hardness and resistance to the erosion of the studied HEA. As the main reason for this phenomenon, the stabilization of the β-BCC phase, suppression of the α-FCC phase, and the appearance of the Ni3Ti phase in the studied HEA were claimed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in High Entropy Alloys)
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10 pages, 7283 KiB  
Article
Effect of Vanadium Addition on the Wear Resistance of Al0.7CoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy
by Marzena Tokarewicz, Malgorzata Gradzka-Dahlke, Wojciech J. Nowak, Andrzej Gradzik, Miroslaw Szala and Mariusz Walczak
Materials 2024, 17(23), 6021; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17236021 - 9 Dec 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1071
Abstract
High-entropy alloys are of interest to many researchers due to the possibility of shaping their functional properties by, among other things, the use of alloying additives. One approach to improving the wear resistance of the AlCoCrFeNi alloy is modification through the addition of [...] Read more.
High-entropy alloys are of interest to many researchers due to the possibility of shaping their functional properties by, among other things, the use of alloying additives. One approach to improving the wear resistance of the AlCoCrFeNi alloy is modification through the addition of titanium. However, in this study, an alternative solution was explored by adding vanadium, which has a completely different effect on the material’s structure compared to titanium. The effect of vanadium additives on changes in the microstructure, hardness, and wear resistance of the Al0.7CoCrFeNi alloy. The base alloys Al0.7CoCrFeNi and Al0.7CoCrFeNiV0.5 were obtained by induction melting. The results showed that the presence of vanadium changes the microstructure of the material. In the case of the base alloy, the structure is biphasic with a visible segregation of alloying elements between phases. In contrast, the Al0.7CoCrFeNiV0.5 alloy has a homogeneous solid solution bcc structure. The presence of vanadium increased hardness by 33%, while it significantly reduced friction wear by 73%. Microscopic observations of friction marks indicate differences in the wear mechanisms of the two materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Multicomponent Alloy Design, Simulation and Properties)
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15 pages, 5074 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Annealing at 500 and 900 °C on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of AlxCoCrFeNi Alloys
by Marzena Tokarewicz, Małgorzata Grądzka-Dahlke, Katarzyna Rećko and Magdalena Łępicka
Materials 2023, 16(3), 1245; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16031245 - 1 Feb 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2113
Abstract
The AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy is sensitive to heat treatment. The aim of the present study was to test a similar correlation for AlxCoCrFeNi alloys with less than equimolar aluminum content. This paper presents a study of the annealing effect on the [...] Read more.
The AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy is sensitive to heat treatment. The aim of the present study was to test a similar correlation for AlxCoCrFeNi alloys with less than equimolar aluminum content. This paper presents a study of the annealing effect on the structure and mechanical properties of selected alloys. AlxCoCrFeNi alloys (x = 0, 0.5, 0.7) were fabricated by the induction melting method. The obtained specimens were annealed at 500 °C and 900 °C. A detailed study of the changes in crystalline structure due to annealing was conducted. Three-point bending and hardness tests were carried out for the as-cast and annealed specimens to determine selected mechanical properties. The study confirmed that increasing the aluminum content in the AlxCoCrFeNi alloy improves mechanical properties. For the alloy with aluminum content x = 0.7, hardness increased by 187% and yield strength by 252% compared to the alloy without aluminum. A significant effect of annealing on the crystalline structure of the Al0.7CoCrFeNi alloy was found, but this was not followed by changes in mechanical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Multifunctional Applications)
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14 pages, 8059 KiB  
Article
Investigation of the Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Novel High-Entropy Alloys for Potential Biomedical Applications
by Marzena Tokarewicz, Małgorzata Grądzka-Dahlke, Katarzyna Rećko, Magdalena Łępicka and Kamila Czajkowska
Materials 2022, 15(11), 3938; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15113938 - 31 May 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2596
Abstract
High-entropy alloys are a new generation of materials that have attracted the interest of numerous scientists because of their unusual properties. It seems interesting to use these alloys in biomedical applications. However, for this purpose, the basic condition of corrosion resistance must be [...] Read more.
High-entropy alloys are a new generation of materials that have attracted the interest of numerous scientists because of their unusual properties. It seems interesting to use these alloys in biomedical applications. However, for this purpose, the basic condition of corrosion resistance must be fulfilled. In this article, selected corrosion properties of self-composed high-entropy alloys are investigated and compared with conventional biomedical alloys, that is titanium alloys and stainless steels. Corrosive parameters were determined using the potentiodynamic method. X-ray diffraction studies were performed to characterize the crystal structures. Microstructures of the prepared materials were examined using a scanning electron microscope, and surface hardness was measured by the Vickers method. The results show that investigated high-entropy alloys are characterized by simple structures. Three out of four tested high-entropy alloys had better corrosion properties than conventional implant alloys used in medicine. The Al0.7CoCrFeNi alloy was characterized by a corrosion potential of −224 mV and a corrosion current density of 0.9 μA/cm2; CoCrFeNiCu by −210 mV and 1.1 μA/cm2; TiAlFeCoNi by −435 mV and 4.6 μA/cm2; and Mn0.5TiCuAlCr by −253 mV and 1.3 μA/cm2, respectively. Therefore, the proposed high-entropy alloys can be considered as potential materials for biomedical applications, but this requires more studies to confirm their biocompatibility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alloys and Composites: Structural and Functional Applications)
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14 pages, 881 KiB  
Review
Review of Recent Research on AlCoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy
by Marzena Tokarewicz and Małgorzata Grądzka-Dahlke
Metals 2021, 11(8), 1302; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11081302 - 17 Aug 2021
Cited by 128 | Viewed by 18137
Abstract
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have gained significant interest in recent years because of their outstanding properties. The AlCoCrFeNi alloy is one of the most studied HEAs. The effect of the manufacturing methods and heat treatment on the properties of the high-entropy AlCoCrFeNi alloy is [...] Read more.
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have gained significant interest in recent years because of their outstanding properties. The AlCoCrFeNi alloy is one of the most studied HEAs. The effect of the manufacturing methods and heat treatment on the properties of the high-entropy AlCoCrFeNi alloy is under intense scrutiny. The effect of varying component content on properties of the alloy is frequently analysed. Aluminium is most popular due to its impact on alloy microstructure and occurrence of phases. Research is also conducted on the influence of alloying additives, such as boron and titanium, on the properties of the AlCoCrFeNi alloy. High-entropy alloys also have excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures. Excellent structural and functional properties make them suitable for application in the most demanding conditions. The research conducted on HEAs still provides a lot of new and valuable information on the properties and structures of these alloys. This article summarizes the most important information about HEAs, specifically the AlCoCrFeNi alloy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design of High-Entropy Alloys)
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