Ability to Predict Side-Out Performance by the Setter’s Action Range with First Tempo Availability in Top European Male and Female Teams
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Sample
2.2. Variables
- (a)
- If both feet were on the ground, the nearest to the ideal setting zone (latitude 6 and depth 1) was considered.
- (b)
- If only one foot contacted the ground, that foot was the one to consider.
- (c)
- If the foot to consider was between two cells, the nearest to the ideal setting zone was registered.
- (d)
- If only one foot was visible, that foot was the one to consider; if no feet were visible, the cell corresponding to the projection of the body was registered.
- (e)
- For the moment of set, if there was a jump set, the last contact with the ground before the jump was considered.
2.3. Design, Instruments, and Reliability
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cohen’s Kappa | Inter-Observer | Intra-Observer |
---|---|---|
Team | 1 | 1 |
Setter’s position | 1 | 0.914 |
Availability of first tempo | 1 | 0.99 |
Side-out result | 1 | 1 |
Attack lane | 0.988 | 0.988 |
Team rotation | 0.981 | 1 |
TEAM | Reception Efficacy | APS Coordinates (Lat, Dep) | Distance 1 (m) | APR Coordinates (Lat, Dep) | Distance 2 (m) | ARS (°) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | |||||||
Serbia | 0.19 | 6.253 ± 0.695, 2.388 ± 0.169 | 2.033 | 6.593 ± 0.972, 1.753 ± 0.347 | 1.663 | −34.25 | |
Slovenia | 0.33 | 5.980 ± 0.953, 1.953 ± 0.121 | 1.531 | 6.941 ± 1.180, 1.507 ± 0.246 | 1.758 | −71.53 | |
Poland | 0.33 | 6.007 ± 1.001, 2.125 ± 0.190 | 1.702 | 6.320 ± 1.179, 1.261 ± 0.321 | 1.133 | −26.76 | |
France | 0.33 | 6.156 ± 0.762, 1.608 ± 0.217 | 1.288 | 6.729 ± 1.309, 1.289 ± 0.321 | 1.460 | −67.33 | |
F | |||||||
Serbia | 0.37 | 6.169 ± 0.929, 1.730 ± 0.199 | 1.401 | 6.368 ± 1.120, 1.023 ± 0.432 | 1.014 | −19.44 | |
Turkey | 0.43 | 5.800 ± 0.824, 1.739 ± 0.193 | 1.275 | 6.358 ± 1.163, 1.182 ± 0.374 | 1.096 | −51.35 | |
Italy | 0.30 | 5.778 ± 0.789, 1.968 ± 0.199 | 1.494 | 6.195 ± 0.893, 1.432 ± 0.333 | 1.162 | −45.26 | |
Poland | 0.23 | 5.782 ± 0.762, 1.914 ± 0.198 | 1.442 | 6.368 ± 1.079, 1.105 ± 0.394 | 1.059 | −42.56 |
Total Side-Outs (Side-Out Points; % Of The Total Side-Outs) | Side-Outs with 1T Availability (% of the Total Side-Outs) | Side-Outs without 1T Availability (% of the Total Side-Outs) | Side-Out Points with 1T Availability (% of the Side-Outs with 1T Availability) | Side-Out Points without 1T Availability (% of the Side-Outs without 1T Availability) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MALE | 619 (313; 50.57) | 530 (85, 62) | 89 (14, 38) | 276 (52, 08) | 37 (41, 57) |
FEMALE | 683 (311; 45.53) | 532 (77, 89) | 151 (22, 11) | 263 (49, 44) | 48 (31, 79) |
TOTAL | 1302 (624; 47.93) | 1062 (81, 57) | 240 (18, 43) | 539 (50, 75) | 85 (35, 42) |
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Millán-Sánchez, A.; Parra-Royón, M.J.; Benítez, J.M.; Ureña Espa, A. Ability to Predict Side-Out Performance by the Setter’s Action Range with First Tempo Availability in Top European Male and Female Teams. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 6326. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176326
Millán-Sánchez A, Parra-Royón MJ, Benítez JM, Ureña Espa A. Ability to Predict Side-Out Performance by the Setter’s Action Range with First Tempo Availability in Top European Male and Female Teams. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(17):6326. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176326
Chicago/Turabian StyleMillán-Sánchez, Antonio, Manuel J. Parra-Royón, José M. Benítez, and Aurelio Ureña Espa. 2020. "Ability to Predict Side-Out Performance by the Setter’s Action Range with First Tempo Availability in Top European Male and Female Teams" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6326. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176326