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Viruses
Special Issues
ASFV Countermeasures, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology
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ASFV Countermeasures, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2026 | Viewed by 1256

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Douglas P. Gladue

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Seek Labs, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Interests: countermeasures; therapeutics; pathogenesis and epidemiology for swine diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

African swine fever is currently causing a pandemic and continuing to spread and evolve throughout the world. Therefore, this Special Issue welcomes the submission of articles that address the discovery or evaluation of countermeasures such as vaccines or therapeutics, articles that address the alteration of the virus or host to changes in pathogenesis, and epidemiology studies that track the disease in historical or current outbreaks.

Dr. Douglas P. Gladue
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Viruses is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ASF
  • african swine fever
  • swine
  • countermeasures
  • therapeutics
  • pathogenesis and epidemiology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 5231 KB  
Article
Emergence of African Swine Fever in Sri Lanka, 2024
by Aruna Ambagala, Sumathy Puvanendiran, Bhagya Jayathilake, Kalhari Goonewardene, Orie Hochman, Indika Benaragama, Chukwunonso Onyilagha, Gabriel Brawerman, Dustin Maydaniuk, Carissa Embury-Hyatt, Estella Moffat, Anthony V. Signore, Eranga De Seram, Keshan Jayawardana, Thushari Gunawardana, Pradeep Kumarawadu, Kavindra Wijesundera and Hemal Kothalawala
Viruses 2026, 18(2), 157; https://doi.org/10.3390/v18020157 - 24 Jan 2026
Viewed by 318
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) continues to spread, threatening the global swine industry and endangered swine species. Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated south of India in the Indian Ocean. Here, we report the first detection of ASF in Sri Lanka. In September [...] Read more.
African swine fever (ASF) continues to spread, threatening the global swine industry and endangered swine species. Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated south of India in the Indian Ocean. Here, we report the first detection of ASF in Sri Lanka. In September 2024, increased pig mortality was reported across the country, with initial confirmation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). Despite vaccination for PRRS, the mortalities continued to increase and therefore, tissue samples collected from dead pigs were subjected to ASF real-time PCR. ASFV genomic material was detected in most of the samples. The real-time PCR-positive samples were then subjected to genotyping by partial genome sequencing. All p72 and p54 sequences were found to be aligned with ASFV genotype II viruses, and CD2v sequences were found to be aligned with ASFV serogroup 8 viruses. The real-time PCR-positive samples were inoculated onto primary porcine leukocytes for virus isolation, and a selected number of tissues collected from dead pigs were subjected to histopathology. Histopathological studies revealed widespread loss of lymphocytes together with inflammation and extensive staining of ASFV antigens in tissue samples. Hemadsorption (HAD)-positive isolates were obtained from seven clinical samples, and three of them were subjected to whole-genome sequencing. Phylogeographic analysis of the whole-genome sequences showed that the virus is closely related to ASFV strains circulating in China and Hong Kong. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue ASFV Countermeasures, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology)
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16 pages, 4571 KB  
Article
Kinetics of Viral Genome Distribution in Swine Peripheral Lymphoid Organs Following Oronasal Infection with Attenuated African swine fever virus strains
by Kalhari Goonewardene, Carissa Embury-Hyatt, Estella Moffat and Aruna Ambagala
Viruses 2025, 17(11), 1472; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17111472 - 4 Nov 2025
Viewed by 736
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) continues to spread across the globe, causing a severe impact on the swine industry. Passive surveillance based on testing dead pigs is one of the most effective methods for early detection of ASF incursions. We have previously shown that [...] Read more.
African swine fever (ASF) continues to spread across the globe, causing a severe impact on the swine industry. Passive surveillance based on testing dead pigs is one of the most effective methods for early detection of ASF incursions. We have previously shown that the superficial inguinal lymph node (SILN) is a convenient and effective sample type for ASF virus (ASFV) genome detection in pigs succumbed to highly or moderately virulent ASFV infections. In this study, we explored the distribution kinetics of ASFV into SILN and other lymphoid tissues in pigs exposed to moderately virulent ASFV strains (ASFV Estonia 2014 and ASFV Malta’78), oronasally. The ASFV genome was detected in SILNs as early as 2–3 days post-infection (dpi), peaking around 5–9 dpi. The detection of ASFV Estonia 2014 started early, and the pigs succumbed to infection faster compared to the ASFV Malta’78 infected pigs that remained longer. All pigs that succumbed to ASF had comparable levels of ASFV genomic material in the spleen and SILNs. The levels of ASFV genomic material gradually started to decrease in pigs that did not succumb to ASF, indicating possible virus clearance. In contrast, ASFV genome levels in blood and spleen samples remained relatively steady during the study period. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of spleen and SILN samples supported real-time PCR results. This study demonstrates the distribution kinetics of moderately virulent ASFV in peripheral lymph nodes and highlights the utility of SILNs for dead pig screening. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue ASFV Countermeasures, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology)
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