Advances in Toxoplasma gondii Infection Research

A special issue of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (ISSN 2414-6366).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2025) | Viewed by 386

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA
Interests: Toxoplasma gondii; host–parasite interaction; toxoplasmosis; neurodevelopment and behavior; drug discovery; treatment efficacy; diagnosis and prevention; co-infections
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Guest Editor
Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular y Celular-Escuela Profesional de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
Interests: parasitology; microbiology; Toxoplasma gondii; Trypanosoma cruzi; Giardia intestinalis; Blastocystis; Taenia solium; Diphyllobothrium

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite capable of infecting a wide range of intermediate hosts, some of which allow T. gondii to infect its definitive feline host. Additionally, transmission between intermediate hosts is frequent. Human infection with Toxoplasma gondii is common, but severe disease does not ensue unless the host is immunosuppressed or immunocompromised, or infected congenitally. Due to the latent nature of this parasite, studies investigating host–parasite interactions during infection are important in gaining a better understanding of the biology of the parasite for the design of more effective treatment and the prevention of toxoplasmosis. The predilection of this parasite to infect the brain and heart also remains an area of active investigation. Recent systematic studies suggest an association of toxoplasmosis with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. At the cellular level, chronic toxoplasmosis has been shown to alter brain connectivity by disrupting neurotransmitter signaling.

Against this research background, this Special Issue focuses on recent advances in the study of Toxoplasma gondii infections.

Dr. Imaan Benmerzouga
Dr. Juan Atilio Jimenez Chunga
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Toxoplasma gondii
  • host–parasite interactions
  • toxoplasmosis
  • treatment and prevention
  • pathogenic mechanism

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 350 KB  
Article
Assessment of Awareness, Knowledge, and Self-Reported Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in the Tropical Zone of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Hassan N. Moafa, Ahmad Mobarki, Sultan Moafa, Ziyad Asiri, Ahmed Hadadi, Osama M. Abualgasem, Rama M. Chandika, Jobran M Moshi, Ashwaq M Al Nazawi, Raad Shibli and Hammad Ali Fadlalmola
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2025, 10(11), 323; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10110323 - 17 Nov 2025
Abstract
Background: Toxoplasmosis, caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is a zoonotic disease that poses significant health risks to immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, and infants. Transmission occurs primarily through infected cat feces or contaminated food. Awareness of transmission routes, prevention strategies, and health [...] Read more.
Background: Toxoplasmosis, caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is a zoonotic disease that poses significant health risks to immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, and infants. Transmission occurs primarily through infected cat feces or contaminated food. Awareness of transmission routes, prevention strategies, and health consequences remains limited in high-prevalence humid regions such as Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, between April and May 2025, surveying 485 adults using a five-section questionnaire covering demographics, knowledge, practices, medical history, and recommendations. The survey was distributed in both English and Arabic. Self-reported previous diagnoses were used to estimate prevalence, with risk factors presented as frequencies and percentages. Binary logistic regression analyzed categorical variables, and independent t-tests assessed continuous variables to identify predictors of awareness and knowledge regarding toxoplasmosis. Results: Participants comprised 58.6% females, 97.3% Saudis, and 69.1% individuals aged ≤30 years; 49.7% had heard of toxoplasmosis. Females (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.13–2.5, p < 0.01) and those >30 years old (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 0.80–4.29, p > 0.05) demonstrated greater awareness and knowledge, though this was not statistically significant. No significant differences were observed based on marital status (p > 0.05). Risk behaviors included consuming unwashed fruits and vegetables (27.6%) and unpasteurized dairy products (28.2%), with 62.7% always washing hands after handling raw meat or soil. Cat ownership (20.6%) was not associated with knowledge (p = 0.97). Self-reported diagnosis prevalence was 1.9%. Conclusions: Low awareness and prevalent risky behaviors underscore the urgent need for targeted public health education interventions focusing on hygiene practices and zoonotic disease prevention in Jazan. Serological studies are recommended to obtain more accurate prevalence estimates and guide evidence-based interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Toxoplasma gondii Infection Research)
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