The Well-Being of Socially Vulnerable Groups in the Unsteadiness During Social Movements

A Special Issue of Societies (ISSN 2075-4698).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2026) | Viewed by 23050

Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Teaching and Education Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia 46001, Spain
Interests: the impact of climate change on migration; challenges faced by socially vulnerable groups; the migration and development nexus

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Faculty of Teaching and Education Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia 46001, Spain
Interests: educational policies (national and supranational); history of education; ethics and comparative education

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The global spread of modernity, and, with it, globalization, has resulted in an increasingly large number of human beings being deprived of the means necessary for their subsistence. In this changing environment or context, where Zygmunt Bauman's liquid society or Ulrich Beck's risk society appears, and in which society is built on a political, economic and social contract, the most vulnerable social groups face challenges or increasingly unprecedented challenges that affect their rights, well-being and health, while the tendency to exclude them from society thrives. In this sense, homeless people, immigrants and refugees, households living below the poverty line and minors at risk of social exclusion are considered vulnerable social profiles that may see their situation worsen in the context of recession, economic crisis, war or conflict or pandemics, such as COVID-19, among others. However, the public policies adopted on protection measures for these groups present a significant debate, which varies from one country to another, and whose deficit, on many occasions, has been replaced by the increasingly subsidiary role of the Third Sector with respect to public administration and the State. From this perspective, this call for manuscripts aims to analyze how these vulnerable social groups have been affected in the aforementioned contexts in certain areas, such as access to education and health, the provision of resources to satisfy basic needs, access to decent employment, housing, etc., in a way that affects the quality of life, while analyzing the measures that have been adopted either by the State and/or the Third Sector.

In unstable social, economic and political contexts, prioritizing topics such as social well-being, vulnerable social groups, social policies and vulnerability is of particular interest regarding submission themes.

In this Special Issue, valid contributions will be of one of the three categories of papers: articles, conceptual papers or reviews of the journal, and will address the topic of the Special Issue.

Dr. Alexis Cloquell-Lozano
Dr. Carlos Novella-García
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • vulnerability
  • policies
  • wellbeing
  • unstable context
  • social inequality
  • social inclusion

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 403 KB  
Article
Immigration-Related Inequality in Emotional Pain Within the Socially Vulnerable Group of Dual Diagnosis
by Yuri Gimelfarb and Daniela Cojocaru
Societies 2026, 16(2), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc16020051 - 5 Feb 2026
Viewed by 786
Abstract
Emotional (mental) pain can precipitate a suicidal intention in humans. In contemporary society characterized by an increase in international migrations, the potential impact of immigration remains among the controversial and even quite complex topics in the sociology of suicidal behavior. In other respects, [...] Read more.
Emotional (mental) pain can precipitate a suicidal intention in humans. In contemporary society characterized by an increase in international migrations, the potential impact of immigration remains among the controversial and even quite complex topics in the sociology of suicidal behavior. In other respects, our understanding of the potential impact of immigration status on emotional pain in adults with a dual diagnosis of schizophrenic and comorbid substance use disorders remains unclear. This cross-sectional survey aimed to examine the potential impact of immigration status on the experience of emotional pain. All study participants (N = 93) gave written and signed consent before beginning to complete this individual survey. The analysis revealed significant main effects of both immigration and gender on emotional pain intensity, with the native-born and females reporting a higher intensity of emotional pain. However, no significant effects were found for immigration or gender concerning general self-efficacy. Additionally, significant interactions were found between immigration and gender for both emotional pain intensity and general self-efficacy, with native-born females exhibiting higher emotional pain intensity and general self-efficacy compared to non-native-born females. Regarding the unique contribution of general self-efficacy, the analysis showed that it (but not the lifetime patterns of psychoactive substance use) solely and significantly explained participants’ emotional pain intensity, with higher general self-efficacy associated with lower emotional pain. A mediation analysis revealed that general self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between immigration and emotional pain among females, but not males, suggesting that general self-efficacy played a key role in explaining how immigration influenced emotional pain for females with a dual diagnosis of schizophrenic and comorbid substance use disorders. This is the first evidence of the potential impact of immigration status on the experience emotional pain among adults with a dual diagnosis. The general self-efficacy played a key role in explaining how immigration status influenced current emotional pain for females, and not for males, with a dual diagnosis of schizophrenic and comorbid substance use disorders. Full article
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18 pages, 294 KB  
Article
Structural Racism? The Socioeconomic Segregation of the Immigrant Population in Spain and Its Drivers
by Juan Iglesias and Rut Bermejo-Casado
Societies 2026, 16(2), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc16020040 - 26 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3044
Abstract
This article examines the persistence of structural racism and the process of ethno-stratification affecting immigrants from the Global South in Spain. Drawing on national survey data and recent research, it analyses the socio-economic incorporation of immigrants in the aftermath of the Great Recession [...] Read more.
This article examines the persistence of structural racism and the process of ethno-stratification affecting immigrants from the Global South in Spain. Drawing on national survey data and recent research, it analyses the socio-economic incorporation of immigrants in the aftermath of the Great Recession and subsequent economic recovery, emphasising both their rootedness in Spanish society and their continued segregation. The findings indicate that immigrants remain disproportionately concentrated in low-wage and temporary employment, positioned beneath the native-born precariat and distant from average living standards. This persistent segmentation cannot be explained solely by immigrants’ qualifications or cultural adaptation, but rather by an interplay of structural, institutional, social, and ethnic factors. At the core lies the Spanish “Mediterranean” development model, characterised by a low-productivity economy dependent on cheap labour, a limited welfare state, and strong family-based social protection, which together generate continuous demand for flexible immigrant workers. Additional drivers include migration and labour policies, gendered labour segmentation, and ethnic discrimination, all reinforcing immigrants’ vulnerability. The article concludes that immigrant labour has become essential to Spain’s economic and demographic model, yet its enduring segregation underscores the need for renewed public policies that promote social cohesion and intercultural integration. Full article
19 pages, 545 KB  
Article
Socio-Scientific Perspectives on COVID-Planned Interventions in the Homeless Population
by David Melero-Fuentes and Remedios Aguilar-Moya
Societies 2025, 15(7), 197; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15070197 - 15 Jul 2025
Viewed by 1645
Abstract
Homelessness is characterised by a wide range of risk factors of a multidimensional and unstable nature. The COVID-19 pandemic intensified these risk factors associated with homelessness but also prompted the development of prevention and care actions. This study identified and mapped the intervention [...] Read more.
Homelessness is characterised by a wide range of risk factors of a multidimensional and unstable nature. The COVID-19 pandemic intensified these risk factors associated with homelessness but also prompted the development of prevention and care actions. This study identified and mapped the intervention programmes carried out for people experiencing homelessness in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve the study purpose, a thematic analysis of the scientific literature was conducted following the search strategy and analysis methodology characteristic of informetrics and scientometrics. The sources of information used were WoS, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO and ERIC. The paucity of planned actions, most of which have a local impact, reinforces the need to strengthen research that presents robust evidence on this issue. China and Europe are under-represented compared to other types of studies linked to COVID-19 and the prevalence of homelessness. Several clusters are distinguished among the plans: they are carried out in buildings or in geographical areas and according to the impact on the group (preventive, substance-related disorder support, health care and diagnostic). Among the emerging themes, health and social variables are represented, including communication and trust between health, community and homeless groups. The reduction in the thematic dimensionality shows equal planning between health care actions (81.8%) and psychosocial and prevention support (72.8%), an aspect that confirms the importance of joint actions. In this line, among the various clusters of the network analysis, the relationship between hotel, mental health support, substance-related disorder, social intervention and access to permanent housing was found. The studies analysed also highlight social exclusion, stigma, victimisation, living conditions and the risk of contagion among this group. This situation has not gone unnoticed among the studies analysed, which present proposals for the continuation of the projects. Full article
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15 pages, 221 KB  
Article
From Harm to Healing: Building the Future of ABA with Autistic Voices
by Joy F. Johnson
Societies 2025, 15(3), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15030072 - 17 Mar 2025
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 16281
Abstract
Since the 1960s, ABA has been applied to individuals with developmental and behavioral differences, including those later recognized as Autistic. While ABA is grounded in behavioral science, its historical application has raised significant ethical concerns. Early implementations often prioritized enforcing neurotypical conformity over [...] Read more.
Since the 1960s, ABA has been applied to individuals with developmental and behavioral differences, including those later recognized as Autistic. While ABA is grounded in behavioral science, its historical application has raised significant ethical concerns. Early implementations often prioritized enforcing neurotypical conformity over the autonomy and well-being of Autistic individuals, contributing to psychological harm, the development of masking behaviors, and a disregard for neurodivergent needs. These concerns were further exacerbated by the exclusion of Autistic voices in defining intervention goals and measuring outcomes. This paper examines the historical context of ABA, critiques raised by the #ABAisAbuse movement, and the role of social media in amplifying both awareness and misconceptions about behavioral interventions for Autistic individuals. It highlights the challenges posed by self-diagnosis, the limitations of current therapeutic options, and systemic inequities in access to care. A critical analysis underscores the need for standardized, neurodivergent-affirming, and assent-based practices that prioritize the autonomy and individuality of Autistic people. The findings emphasize the necessity of reforming ABA through collaboration with the Autistic community, ensuring their involvement in shaping governance, intervention design, and ethical standards. By addressing historical harms and embedding neurodivergent-affirming principles, ABA can evolve into a practice that supports authentic engagement and fosters trust within the Autistic community. This transformation is not only a professional responsibility but an ethical imperative to align interventions for Autistic individuals with principles of dignity, equity, and inclusion. Full article
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