Algorithm Awareness: Opportunities, Challenges and Impacts on Society

A special issue of Societies (ISSN 2075-4698).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 1389

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Social Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, C.so Umberto I, 40, 80138 Napoli, Italy
Interests: critical studies of algorithms; human and technology interactions; social and digital inequalities; digital research methods; methodology of social sciences

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Algorithms have become pervasive in contemporary society, influencing various aspects of our lives, from human interactions and online shopping recommendations to employment decisions and healthcare management. While these algorithms offer unprecedented opportunities for efficiency, personalization, and convenience, they also pose significant risks related to privacy, bias, and autonomy. Moreover, algorithm awareness is key to addressing the digital divide, as it equips individuals with the knowledge to navigate and critically evaluate the digital algorithms that shape their online experiences. Without this awareness, marginalized groups may remain at a disadvantage, unable to fully engage with or benefit from digital technologies. Thus, investigating how users understand algorithms and how they interact with them is both a social and technical issue.

Recently, several studies have focused on operationalizing the concept of algorithmic awareness, examining sense-making processes around algorithms and forms of user engagement, defining research methods to investigate interactions with algorithms, and conducting case studies on specific populations within various social and digital contexts.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to contribute to the expanding social science literature that seeks to better understand algorithm awareness, how people make sense of the opacity of algorithms, and how their assumptions may influence their understanding and daily engagement with algorithmic systems, posing both risks and opportunities. Moreover, it aims to provide insights into methodological advancements in algorithm awareness, including new opportunities and challenges, as well as innovative approaches, methods, and techniques that enhance algorithm awareness research.

Potential topics of the papers include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • People’s perceptions and understandings of algorithms.
  • Human–algorithm interactions.
  • Digital divide and algorithm awareness.
  • Algorithmic literacy.
  • Factors that contribute to users’ algorithm awareness.
  • Case studies and empirical research on algorithm awareness in single or multiple contexts.
  • Innovative methods for studying algorithm awareness.
  • Methodological advancements in algorithm awareness.

Contributions have to follow one of the three categories of papers (article, conceptual paper or review) of the journal and address the topic of the Special Issue.

Dr. Cristiano Felaco
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • algorithm awareness
  • algorithmic literacy
  • algorithms
  • artificial intelligence
  • agency
  • digital divide
  • user–algorithm interaction method

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

33 pages, 766 KB  
Article
Algorithmic Burnout and Digital Well-Being: Modelling Young Adults’ Resistance to Personalized Digital Persuasion
by Stefanos Balaskas, Maria Konstantakopoulou, Ioanna Yfantidou and Kyriakos Komis
Societies 2025, 15(8), 232; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc15080232 - 20 Aug 2025
Viewed by 392
Abstract
In an era when AI systems curate increasingly fine-grained aspects of everyday media use, understanding algorithmic fatigue and resistance is essential for safeguarding user agency. Within the horizon of a more algorithmic and hyper-personalized advertising environment, knowing how people resist algorithmic advertising is [...] Read more.
In an era when AI systems curate increasingly fine-grained aspects of everyday media use, understanding algorithmic fatigue and resistance is essential for safeguarding user agency. Within the horizon of a more algorithmic and hyper-personalized advertising environment, knowing how people resist algorithmic advertising is of immediate importance. This research formulates and examines a structural resistance model for algorithmic advertising, combining psychological and cognitive predictors such as perceived ad fatigue (PAF), digital well-being (DWB), advertising literacy (ADL), and perceived relevance (PR). Based on a cross-sectional survey of 637 participants, the research employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and mediation and multi-group analysis to uncover overall processes and group-specific resistance profiles. Findings show that DWB, ADL, and PR are strong positive predictors of resistance to persuasion, while PAF has no direct effect. PAF has significant indirect influences through both PR and ADL, with full mediation providing support for the cognitive filter function of resistance. DWB demonstrates partial mediation, indicating that it has influence both directly and through enhanced literacy and relevance attribution. Multi-group analysis also indicates that there are notable differences in terms of age, gender, education, social media consumption, ad skipping, and occurrence of digital burnout. Interestingly, younger users and those who have higher digital fatigue are more sensitive to cognitive mediators, whereas gender and education level play a moderating role in the effect of well-being and literacy on resistance pathways. The research provides theory-informed, scalable theory to enhance the knowledge of online resistance. Practical implications are outlined for policymakers, marketers, educators, and developers of digital platforms based on the extent to which psychological resilience and media literacy underpin user agency. In charting resistance contours, this article seeks to maintain the voice of the user in a world growing increasingly algorithmic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Algorithm Awareness: Opportunities, Challenges and Impacts on Society)
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