Disability and the Media

A special issue of Societies (ISSN 2075-4698).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 15454

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of English, Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
Interests: disability studies; American studies; genocide studies; Hawaiian literature; indigenous literatures of the Americas; social justice; race and disability; CripQueer studies

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Guest Editor
Independent Scholar, Washington, DC, USA
Interests: disability studies; film studies; disability in media; intersectional identities; independent disability cinema

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

One key aspect of disability representation in literature and film is the prolific nature of physical, sensory, and cognitive differences so central to characterization and narrativity. If one excludes literature and film from the category “Disability and the Media”, a much different picture may emerge. Disabled people appear as objects of inspiration (inspiration porn) and as the unspecified casualties of living lives that are increasingly subject to the ravages of climate change, economic dispossession, wars, famines, and as the all-purpose recipients of care that enables the celebration of caregivers and other cultural heroes while evacuating the particularities of life for disabled persons themselves. As a prior historical moment of being locked out gives way to a more celebratory moment of the embrace of disabled people as moral barometers for the modernity of nations (we even care for our disabled people!), we find neoliberalism offering rhetorical shelters of inclusion while disability continues to engender widespread social disenfranchisement. For example, European governments have cut supports for disabled people while raiding coffers specifically designated for disability supports to underwrite the smooth functioning of businesses and government shortfalls; in the US, government leaders refer to disability social policy as “the gold standard of the world” while still not ratifying the UN’s Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons. Such resistance comes on the heels of an unwillingness to allow other nations to peer into the West and critique its self-serving claims as “the gold standard” of accessibility. Likewise, on social media, disabled persons report being bullied, threatened, and heavily stigmatized by those who find non-normativity “uncomfortable”. This Special Issue is open to analyses of all forms of disability and the media. How does media conform and/or continue to stigmatize and erase from view the material lives of disabled people? How have disabled people used the increasingly democratic economic accessibility of video and cell phone technology to tell their stories from their own points of view? How do we theorize the interplay of an increasingly digitized prosthetics and support industry with the rapid pace of technology in general? Is there a new eugenics surfacing where able-body identifications among the populace condition acquiesce to allowing some less-desirable demographics to be sacrificed so the rest can live? How can media capture the gradual generational violence of slow death and the alternative environmentalism of disabled people in poverty?

Prof. Dr. David T. Mitchell
Dr. Sharon Lynn Snyder
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • disability
  • media studies
  • neoliberalism
  • inclusionism
  • human rights
  • social model
  • new eugenics
  • neo-materialism
  • digital activism
  • inspiration porn
  • social disenfranchisement

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 355 KiB  
Article
Silenced Voices in Portuguese Public TV News: An Intersectional Analysis of the Representation of Women with Disabilities in RTP’s Telejornal
by Carla Cruz, Maria João Cunha and Célia Belim
Societies 2024, 14(7), 124; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc14070124 - 17 Jul 2024
Viewed by 808
Abstract
(1) Background: Studies on women with disabilities (WwD) are rare and tend to reveal certain representation patterns. This study aims to understand how and to what extent WwD and chronic diseases are deemed newsworthy in the Portuguese public news TV station RTP1 primetime [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Studies on women with disabilities (WwD) are rare and tend to reveal certain representation patterns. This study aims to understand how and to what extent WwD and chronic diseases are deemed newsworthy in the Portuguese public news TV station RTP1 primetime news program. Feminist disability, standpoint, agenda-setting, and framing theories are used alongside the concept of intersectionality. (2) Methods: A mixed-method approach is adopted, combining quantitative content analysis of all broadcasted news in January 2020 (n = 704), and qualitative discourse analysis of news items on PwD (n = 5). (3) Results: The results reveal that disability is a reduced issue in Telejornal’s agenda. PwD, in general, are often portrayed in secondary roles and without a voice. The protagonists of news stories about disability or persons with disabilities are predominantly women without disabilities, occupying traditional roles as caregivers (mothers, nurses), while men are more often portrayed as public agents. Discourse analysis deepens understanding by uncovering the prevalence of negative news values and a problem-centred framing, often associated with negativity, rather than presenting solutions. (4) Conclusions: Consequently, WwD were found to be deprived of news representation with a more positive or ‘normal’ focus and an intersectional approach reveals a lack of inclusion, with the few existing news tending to focus on exclusion issues, portraying only white Portuguese women. This study underscores the urgent need for a more equitable approach in media representation, recognising the diversity and positive contributions of WwD to promote an inclusive narrative. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disability and the Media)
15 pages, 266 KiB  
Article
Cripping Girlhood on Service Dog Tok
by Anastasia Todd
Societies 2024, 14(2), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc14020030 - 19 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1921
Abstract
This article explores how disabled girl handlers crip girlhood on service dog tok, the emergent subculture on TikTok comprised of disabled handlers who upload and post videos about their everyday life in partnership with a service dog. Looking at the TikTok accounts and [...] Read more.
This article explores how disabled girl handlers crip girlhood on service dog tok, the emergent subculture on TikTok comprised of disabled handlers who upload and post videos about their everyday life in partnership with a service dog. Looking at the TikTok accounts and self-representational practices of three disabled girl handlers—Ava of @avaandcheddar, Claire of @rosie.the.sd, and Lexy of @muslimservicedogmom28—this article traces how their videos evince an audio–visual representation of interspecies intimacy, a becoming with, that complicates the familiar story of the disabled girl handler/service dog dyad that one might see or scroll past online—one of rehabilitative exceptionalism, disability disavowal, and chrononormative understandings of girlhood. On service dog tok, Ava, Claire, Lexy, and their service dogs broadcast the quotidian and move against a service dog sentimentalism that seeks to depoliticize disability and the relationship between disabled handlers and their service dogs. Their videos produce and circulate a nuanced understanding of interdependence, care, and ableism forged via the mutual entanglement with their service dogs. Ultimately, this article argues that disabled girl handlers on service dog tok upend what we think we know about disabled girls and girlhoods, recasting the meanings ascribed to their bodyminds, experiences, and their relationships with their service dogs in their own terms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disability and the Media)
15 pages, 304 KiB  
Article
Sad Cases and Success Stories: Representations of Multiple Sclerosis in Direct-to-Consumer Pharmaceutical Advertising
by Ella Houston
Societies 2023, 13(7), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc13070158 - 3 Jul 2023
Viewed by 2543
Abstract
This article examines representations of multiple sclerosis in direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertisements televised during 2021 in the United States. Drawing on and developing Cultural Disability Studies theory, it highlights how advertising produced by pharmaceutical companies influences mass understandings, as well as personal experiences of, [...] Read more.
This article examines representations of multiple sclerosis in direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertisements televised during 2021 in the United States. Drawing on and developing Cultural Disability Studies theory, it highlights how advertising produced by pharmaceutical companies influences mass understandings, as well as personal experiences of, multiple sclerosis. The application of textual analysis to a small-sample of direct-to-consumer advertisements that promote drug therapies for multiple sclerosis (n. 4) uncovers the prevalence of profit-driven, rather than person-driven, medical neoliberal ideologies. On first impressions, the advertisements appear to challenge the metanarrative of multiple sclerosis as a life-limiting tragedy. However, the research findings reveal that multiple sclerosis is framed as the “hidden enemy” of the American dream, supposedly threatening individuals’ abilities to live productive and meaningful lives, while the consumption of pharmaceutical “wonder” drugs is treated as an act of self-empowerment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disability and the Media)
17 pages, 279 KiB  
Article
How He Got His Scars: Exploring Madness and Mental Health in Filmic Representations of the Joker
by Jeff Preston and Lindsay Rath-Paillé
Societies 2023, 13(2), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc13020048 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 7201
Abstract
In May of 1939, DC Comics introduced their popular Batman series, but it was a year later when the iconic villain, the Joker, entered the story. What began as a lighthearted pulp comic has since evolved, with Batman’s enemies growing darker and more [...] Read more.
In May of 1939, DC Comics introduced their popular Batman series, but it was a year later when the iconic villain, the Joker, entered the story. What began as a lighthearted pulp comic has since evolved, with Batman’s enemies growing darker and more sinister. In the film, the Joker is now less “clown prince” than violent madman, determined to wreak havoc and spread his warped view of society. Through a thematic discourse analysis, this article explores how Batman films featuring the Joker routinely naturalize and reinforce sanist beliefs about mental illness and are deployed as narrative prostheses to rationalize his heinous crimes. Blending work from both disability studies and mad studies, we explore the cultural construction of madness as animated by filmic representations of the Joker and consider how these narratives inform perceptions of mental illness and subsequently rationalize the disciplining of mad people. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disability and the Media)

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18 pages, 643 KiB  
Concept Paper
Disability Ghosting in the Double Lockdown Institution of COVID-19
by David Thomas Mitchell
Societies 2023, 13(7), 170; https://doi.org/10.3390/soc13070170 - 21 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1320
Abstract
This paper surveys some of the voluminous journalistic coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health responses that ensued. While investigative reporting in newspapers and news programming played an important function, we expose the terms of the underreporting about the lockdowns in [...] Read more.
This paper surveys some of the voluminous journalistic coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health responses that ensued. While investigative reporting in newspapers and news programming played an important function, we expose the terms of the underreporting about the lockdowns in institutions for the disabled and elderly that ultimately changed little about public knowledge of the lives of disabled people who were always or already confined. Second, we detail the rapid unfolding of a critical journalism that revealed the mortality-dealing conditions of institutionalization beyond the acceleration of pandemic risk levels. Such governmental and for-profit run practices of letting individuals who were disabled or elderly die while in their care were enacted, of which residents could do nothing to protect themselves (in fact, risky exposure was a conscious practice of state governments during the unfolding viral epidemic). This essay argues, however, that a critical branch of COVID-19 journalism (largely based in the US) used investigative reporting to expose governmental miscounting, undercounting, and neglecting-to-count of disability deaths due to COVID-19 and/or to collect them under “other categories,” such as the overall death rate of a population. Our key findings point out that despite the importance of this coverage, no one used this opportunity to talk with institutionalized disabled and/or elderly people—who were gravely at risk. Thus, we learned little about disabled peoples’ lives as they were shipped back to congregate care settings and institutions from hospitals without treatment. An opportunity to explain disability institutionalization and its inherent dangers were lost despite the media saturation of coverage that rose in the wake of COVID-19 public health policies and practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Disability and the Media)
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