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Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Medical Imaging

A special issue of Mathematics (ISSN 2227-7390). This special issue belongs to the section "E1: Mathematics and Computer Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2025) | Viewed by 370

Special Issue Editor

College of Computer Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Interests: deep learning; medical image analysis; neural ordinary differential equation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medical imaging has transformed the landscape of healthcare, enabling more accurate diagnoses, personalized treatment plans, and improved patient outcomes. This Special Issue focuses on the latest advancements in AI-driven medical imaging, with a particular emphasis on ultrasound imaging, multimodal radiomics, and their applications in disease diagnosis and treatment. We aim to assemble cutting-edge research that explores the potential of large foundation models, deep neural networks, and AI techniques to address critical challenges in medical imaging.

This Special Issue welcomes original research articles, comprehensive reviews, and case studies that contribute to the growing body of knowledge in this field. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Large foundation models for medical image analysis: The development and application of scalable AI models for ultrasound and other imaging modalities.
  • Deep neural networks in medical imaging: Innovations in network architectures, training methodologies, and deployment strategies for enhanced diagnostic performance.
  • Ultrasound image processing: AI-based techniques for image enhancement, segmentation, and interpretation in ultrasound imaging.
  • Global trends in the use of AI in medical imaging: Bibliometric and visualization analyses to identify research trends, challenges, and future directions.
  • Ultrasonic medical disease diagnosis and treatment: Intelligent systems for automated diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring using ultrasound data.
  • Multimodal radiomics with AI techniques: The integration of radiomics and AI for predictive modeling, particularly in prenatal diagnosis and other clinical applications.

Highlighted Topics and Contributions:

This Special Issue will showcase research that addresses key challenges and innovations in AI for medical imaging. The specific areas of focus include the following:

  • Recognition of Standard Echocardiographic Cut Planes: AI-driven methods for automating the identification and interpretation of standard echocardiographic views, improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.
  • Application of and Prospects for Intelligent Diagnosis in Ultrasonic Medical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment: The exploration of AI applications in ultrasound-based diagnosis and treatment, highlighting clinical benefits and future opportunities.
  • Deep Learning Approach to Prenatal Diagnosis: Advanced AI techniques for predicting and diagnosing conditions such as placental invasion, leveraging multimodal data for improved prenatal care.

Dr. Tao He
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • large foundation model for medical image analysis
  • deep neural networks in medical imaging
  • ultrasound image processing
  • global trends in the use of AI in medical imaging
  • ultrasonic medical disease diagnosis and treatment
  • multimodal radiomics with AI technique

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 1368 KB  
Article
Prompt-Guided Refinement: A Novel Technique for Improving Intervertebral Disc Semantic Labeling
by Mohammed N. Alharbi and Mohammad D. Alahmadi
Mathematics 2025, 13(24), 3944; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13243944 - 11 Dec 2025
Abstract
Accurate detection and semantic labeling of intervertebral discs (IVDs) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are crucial for evaluating and treating spinal-related disorders. Conventional approaches typically utilize convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to extract contextual features from MRI images, but they often overlook the inherent [...] Read more.
Accurate detection and semantic labeling of intervertebral discs (IVDs) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are crucial for evaluating and treating spinal-related disorders. Conventional approaches typically utilize convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to extract contextual features from MRI images, but they often overlook the inherent geometric structure of the vertebral column, leading to inaccuracies in IVD localization and segmentation. Addressing this limitation, we propose a novel prompt encoder method that incorporates geometric information to enhance the semantic labeling of IVDs in MRI images. Our approach effectively learns the skeleton structure of the spinal column and adaptively adjusts its predictions to conform to this anatomical framework. Extensive evaluations on multi-center spine datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art techniques, consistently achieving superior performance in both T1w and T2w MRI modalities. The incorporation of geometric information significantly improves the accuracy and robustness of IVD semantic labeling, paving the way for more precise and reliable assessments of spine health and disease progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Medical Imaging)
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