Social Media in Disinformation Studies

A special issue of Journalism and Media (ISSN 2673-5172).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 6201

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Philosophy, Communication and Information, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: participation and social media; feminist media studies; gender and media; media and digital literacy; audiences; disinformation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The emergence of social media as a leading medium for communication and information sharing has significantly altered the worldwide informational landscape and, although these platforms have made information more accessible and increased civic participation, they have also become prime environments for spreading disinformation. Issues like fake news, conspiracy theories, and content manipulation driven by algorithms have created substantial obstacles to democratic integrity, journalism, and media literacy. These effects appear in various ways across sociocultural and geopolitical settings, emphasizing the inequalities between the Global North and South in tackling this issue.

The examination of disinformation has attracted growing interest in fields like communication, political science, cultural studies, and information science. Nonetheless, it is essential to acknowledge the particular functions of social media as a facilitator and enhancer of disinformation streams. The distinct features of these platforms—including algorithmic customization, filter bubbles, and engagement-focused design—establish dynamics that promote the viral spread of misleading and divisive narratives. These dynamics influence the material with which users engage and their views and interactions regarding information.

This Special Issue aims to investigate social media’s role in disinformation studies, focusing on issues concerning the creation, distribution, and reception of misleading narratives, the influence of algorithmic behaviors on the spread of false news, and efforts to alleviate the negative consequences of these issues. Special attention will be given to critical and intersectional viewpoints, exploring how power, inequality, and coloniality influence the dynamics of disinformation on digital platforms.

We invite submissions that address, but are not limited to, the following topics:

  • The dynamics of creating and disseminating misleading narratives on social media;
  • The role of algorithmic personalization and filter bubbles in amplifying disinformation;
  • Strategies to enhance critical information consumption and combat disinformation;
  • Power dynamics, inequality, and coloniality in the spread of disinformation;
  • Policies and technological solutions to mitigate disinformation on social platforms;
  • Comparative analyses of disinformation approaches in the Global North and South;
  • Threats posed by disinformation to democratic integrity and journalistic practices;
  • Innovative methods and empirical research on disinformation in social media;
  • Activism and civic engagement strategies to counter disinformation online;
  • Emerging designs and possibilities for resilient informational ecosystems.

Dr. Inês Amaral
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journalism and Media is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • disinformation
  • social media algorithms
  • global north–south inequalities
  • media literacy
  • coloniality and power dynamics

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 451 KB  
Article
Heuristic and Systematic Processing on Social Media: Pathways from Literacy to Fact-Checking Behavior
by Yoon Y. Cho and Hyunju Woo
Journal. Media 2025, 6(4), 198; https://doi.org/10.3390/journalmedia6040198 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 505
Abstract
Misinformation circulating on social media presents a critical challenge for journalism and media education in the digital age. Beyond individual news consumption, it reflects broader concerns about cognitive processing and the cultivation of transversal competencies that underpin responsible digital citizenship. This study examines [...] Read more.
Misinformation circulating on social media presents a critical challenge for journalism and media education in the digital age. Beyond individual news consumption, it reflects broader concerns about cognitive processing and the cultivation of transversal competencies that underpin responsible digital citizenship. This study examines how foundational literacy shapes online fact-checking behavior through the mediating role of news literacy and whether this relationship is moderated by heuristic–systematic processing within social media environments. An online survey of South Korean college students was conducted, and moderated mediation analysis revealed that foundational literacy indirectly fosters fact-checking through enhanced news literacy. However, reliance on heuristic shortcuts weakened this pathway, highlighting how cognitive biases can undermine critical verification in digital contexts. These findings suggest that journalism education would benefit from moving beyond functional skills to incorporate awareness of platform-driven information flows, reflective media engagement, and critical evaluation into curricula. By positioning news literacy as a core competency for contemporary digital environments, this study contributes to ongoing discussions on how higher education can prepare future journalists and media users to navigate complex, technology-mediated information ecosystems with ethical and epistemic responsibility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Media in Disinformation Studies)
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31 pages, 338 KB  
Article
Platform Resistance and Counter-Disinformation Strategies: How Environmental Journalists Combat Corporate Misinformation Networks in Maritime Southeast Asia
by Moehammad Iqbal Sultan, Muhammad Akbar, Muliadi Mau and Alem Febri Sonni
Journal. Media 2025, 6(4), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/journalmedia6040193 - 15 Nov 2025
Viewed by 913
Abstract
This study examines how environmental journalists in Eastern Indonesia develop innovative digital strategies to counter corporate disinformation while maintaining credible climate reporting amid systematic censorship and algorithmic suppression. Through ethnographic fieldwork with 34 environmental journalists in Makassar and surrounding maritime communities (2023–2024), combined [...] Read more.
This study examines how environmental journalists in Eastern Indonesia develop innovative digital strategies to counter corporate disinformation while maintaining credible climate reporting amid systematic censorship and algorithmic suppression. Through ethnographic fieldwork with 34 environmental journalists in Makassar and surrounding maritime communities (2023–2024), combined with digital platform analysis and content verification tracking, this investigation reveals how local journalists create “networked verification archipelagos” that mirror traditional maritime communication systems to combat extractive industry misinformation. Our analysis revealed three primary counter-disinformation mechanisms: (1) community-based verification networks that successfully identified 87% of corporate misinformation within 48 h through traditional knowledge integration; (2) algorithmic resistance strategies that increased environmental content visibility by 156% through cultural framing techniques; and (3) cross-platform coordination that maintained journalist communication networks despite 34 documented censorship campaigns. These networks enable accurate environmental reporting despite corporate-sponsored disinformation campaigns, government restrictions on mining coverage, and social media algorithms that amplify climate denial content. The research demonstrates how journalists in the Global South develop decolonial approaches to counter-disinformation that challenge Western platform-centric fact-checking models while maintaining journalistic credibility and community accountability. These findings contribute to understanding power dynamics and coloniality in disinformation studies while offering insights for media literacy and democratic integrity in climate-vulnerable regions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Media in Disinformation Studies)
20 pages, 443 KB  
Article
Disinformation in Crisis Contexts—Perception of Russia Today’s Narratives in Ecuador
by Abel Suing
Journal. Media 2025, 6(4), 192; https://doi.org/10.3390/journalmedia6040192 - 15 Nov 2025
Viewed by 810
Abstract
Disinformation poses a substantive challenge to democratic governance, particularly in contexts marked by foreign influence. While the broadcasting of Russia Today (RT) in Europe has received significant attention, comparatively little is known about its impact and audience reception in Latin America. This study [...] Read more.
Disinformation poses a substantive challenge to democratic governance, particularly in contexts marked by foreign influence. While the broadcasting of Russia Today (RT) in Europe has received significant attention, comparatively little is known about its impact and audience reception in Latin America. This study addresses this gap by analysing Ecuadorians’ perceptions and uptake of RT’s broadcast narratives during a period of acute economic and security crisis. The objectives are (1) to establish the news narratives presented on RT, (2) to identify citizens’ perceptions of the news narratives, and (3) to determine the uptake of the narratives. A mixed methodological approach is undertaken, including narrative analysis of three audiovisual news pieces published by RT in Spanish, a survey, and three online focus groups. The results reveal the deployment of sophisticated narrative strategies that mix information with unsubstantiated claims and emotional appeals, resulting in a discernible bias favouring Russian perspectives. The findings underscore the urgency of strengthening media literacy and public policy responses in Latin America to counter the internalisation of such narratives. In addition, the research contributes to debates on information security, democratic resilience, and the protection of public opinion in vulnerable environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Media in Disinformation Studies)
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17 pages, 2875 KB  
Article
The Aesthetics of Algorithmic Disinformation: Dewey, Critical Theory, and the Crisis of Public Experience
by Gil Baptista Ferreira
Journal. Media 2025, 6(4), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/journalmedia6040168 - 3 Oct 2025
Viewed by 1437
Abstract
The rise of social media platforms has fundamentally reshaped the global information ecosystem, fostering the spread of disinformation. Beyond the circulation of false content, this article frames disinformation as an aesthetic crisis of public communication: an algorithmic reorganization of sensory experience that privileges [...] Read more.
The rise of social media platforms has fundamentally reshaped the global information ecosystem, fostering the spread of disinformation. Beyond the circulation of false content, this article frames disinformation as an aesthetic crisis of public communication: an algorithmic reorganization of sensory experience that privileges performative virality over shared intelligibility, fragmenting public discourse and undermining democratic deliberation. Drawing on John Dewey’s philosophy of aesthetic experience and critical theory (Adorno, Benjamin, Fuchs, Han), we argue that journalism, understood as a form of public art rather than mere fact-transmission, can counteract this crisis by cultivating critical attention, narrative depth, and democratic engagement. We introduce the concept of aesthetic literacy as an extension of media literacy, equipping citizens to discern between seductive but superficial forms and genuinely transformative experiences. Empirical examples from Portugal (Expresso, Público, Mensagem de Lisboa) illustrate how multimodal journalism—through paced narratives, interactivity, and community dialogue—can reconstruct Deweyan “integrated experience” and resist algorithmic disinformation. We propose three axes of intervention: (1) public education oriented to aesthetic sensibility; (2) journalistic practices prioritizing ambiguity and depth; and (3) algorithmic transparency. Defending journalism as a public art of experience is thus crucial for democratic regeneration in the era of sensory capitalism, offering a framework to address the structural inequalities embedded in global information flows. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Media in Disinformation Studies)
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20 pages, 601 KB  
Article
In the Face of Disinformation: To Publish or Not to Publish in the Vaza Jato Case
by Renan Araújo and Célia Belim
Journal. Media 2025, 6(4), 167; https://doi.org/10.3390/journalmedia6040167 - 3 Oct 2025
Viewed by 1440
Abstract
This article analyses journalistic decisions in the face of disinformation, focusing on the case of Vaza Jato in Brazil. Drawing on a mixed-methods approach—combining critical discourse analysis of online articles with semi-structured interviews with two editors—the study explores how two ideologically contrasting newspapers [...] Read more.
This article analyses journalistic decisions in the face of disinformation, focusing on the case of Vaza Jato in Brazil. Drawing on a mixed-methods approach—combining critical discourse analysis of online articles with semi-structured interviews with two editors—the study explores how two ideologically contrasting newspapers (Folha de S.Paulo and Gazeta do Povo) framed and justified their editorial positions regarding the publication of hacked content. The findings reveal distinct narrative strategies, degrees of epistemological openness, and levels of institutional trust in the judiciary and political actors. The results also show how editorial decisions are shaped by broader concerns about professional legitimacy, audience trust, and the ambiguous boundary between journalism and disinformation. This article contributes to research on disinformation, editorial ethics, and media trust, proposing an analytical framework applicable to other high-risk communication contexts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Media in Disinformation Studies)
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