Photocontrolled Therapeutic Activation in Chemistry, Biology and Drug Delivery

A special issue of Journal of Nanotheranostics (ISSN 2624-845X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 6462

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Interests: optogenetics; photopharmacology; photonanotechnolgy; targeted delivery; photo nanomedicine; nano theranostics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the past decade, light-controlled activation has been established as one of most enabling approaches in the spatial and temporal control of biological and drug delivery systems. It involves either a photoactivatable linker or prodrug strategy in which a molecular probe, ligand, drug or biomolecule is temporarily inactivated or converted to a prodrug form through photocleavable linker attachment (caged) or photoresponsive bond integration. Applications of such photoactivation strategies have led to significant advances in numerous fields, ranging from pharmaceuticals, chemical biology, optogenetics, photopharmacology, and nanodrug delivery to nanotheranostics.

However, despite such promising advances, their optimal design still remains challenging as it requires in-depth understanding in multiple disciplines and making the right selections in photocage types, wavelength selectivity, linker chemistry, and release or activation mechanism. This would be effectively addressed by discussing existing methods and gathering critical insights in a topical issue as proposed here. This Special Issue entitled “Photocontrolled Activation in Chemistry, Biology, Drug Delivery, and Nanomedicine” therefore aims to serve as a forum for review articles and original research reports on advances in photoactivation technologies, photobiological probes, photoactivatable prodrug strategies, and their applications in nanodrug delivery and theranostic systems. Topics of relevance include but are not limited to:

  • Synthesis of photocaged ligands and drug molecules, and their controlled activation;
  • Synthetic chemistry of photocleavable linkers and cages;
  • Optogenetic probes and their model systems in vitro and in vivo;
  • Photocontrolled DNA hybridization, gene regulation, and biomedical applications;
  • Photocontrolled therapeutic release in targeted (passive, active) nanosystems;
  • Photoresponseive molecules and their pharmacology applications;
  • Photoresponsive nanomaterials and their applications in nanotheranostics.

Dr. Seok Ki Choi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • photocaged linkers and prodrugs
  • optogenetic probes and model systems
  • photocontrolled biomolecular systems
  • photocontrolled pharmacology
  • photocontrolled drug delivery
  • photonanomedicine
  • nanotheranostics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

27 pages, 3420 KiB  
Review
Activation Strategies in Image-Guided Nanotherapeutic Delivery
by Seok Ki Choi
J. Nanotheranostics 2020, 1(1), 78-104; https://doi.org/10.3390/jnt1010007 - 30 Nov 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 5395
Abstract
Therapeutic nanomaterials serve as an important platform for drug delivery under image guidance. Despite significant growth and broad applications, their design specifics remain a subject of continued interest primarily due to multifunctional factors involved, ranging from nanomaterial properties, imaging modalities, and therapeutic agents [...] Read more.
Therapeutic nanomaterials serve as an important platform for drug delivery under image guidance. Despite significant growth and broad applications, their design specifics remain a subject of continued interest primarily due to multifunctional factors involved, ranging from nanomaterial properties, imaging modalities, and therapeutic agents to activation strategies. This review article summarizes key findings on their design characteristics with a particular interest in strategies developed for therapeutic activation (release). First, their activation can be controlled using either an endogenous factor including low pH and glutathione or an external stimulation by light, ultrasound, or electromagnetic field. The former is passively controlled from a spatiotemporal aspect compared to the latter, which is otherwise actively controlled through drug linker photolysis, nanomaterial disassembly, or gate opening. Second, light stimulation serves a most notable strategy due to its essential role in controlled drug release, photothermal activation (hyperthermia), and photodynamic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Third, some of those activation strategies that rely on ultrasound, photothermal, photoacoustic, magnetic field, or X-ray radiation are dually functional due to their role in imaging modalities. In summary, this review article presents recent advances and new insights that pertain to nanotherapeutic delivery systems. It also addresses their technical limitations associated with tissue penetration (light), spatial resolution (ultrasound, hyperthermia), and occurrence of cellular resistance (ROS). Full article
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