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Polymers
Volume 14
Issue 18
10.3390/polym14183863
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Article

Production and Potential Application of Pyroligneous Acids from Rubberwood and Oil Palm Trunk as Wood Preservatives through Vacuum-Pressure Impregnation Treatment

by
Chuan Li Lee
1,
Kit Ling Chin
1,*,
Pui San Khoo
2,
Mohd Sahfani Hafizuddin
1 and
Paik San H’ng
1,3,*
1
Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Product, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia
2
Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
3
Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Polymers 2022, 14(18), 3863; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183863
Submission received: 9 August 2022 / Revised: 30 August 2022 / Accepted: 1 September 2022 / Published: 15 September 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Durability and Modification of Wood Surfaces)
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Abstract

The development of low-environmental-impact technologies for the elimination of biological damage is one of the vital goals of the wood protection industry. The possibility of utilizing pyroligneous acid as a wood preservative can be a great solution to extend the application of the currently fast-growing timber species, which has lower natural durability against biological damage. In this study, the effectiveness of pyroligneous acid as a wood preservative was evaluated by impregnating rubberwood with pyroligneous acid using vacuum-pressure treatment, and the treated woods were exposed to mould fungi, wood-decay fungi and termite attacks under laboratory conditions. Pyroligneous acids produced from rubberwood (RWPA) and oil palm trunk (OPTPA) at different pyrolysis temperatures were evaluated. To fully understand the effectiveness of pyroligneous acids as wood preservatives, different concentrations of pyroligneous acids were impregnated into rubberwood. Concentrations of 50% RWPA and 30% OPTPA were sufficient against mould and decay fungi on rubberwood. Rubberwood impregnated with pyroligneous acid acted as a slow-acting toxic bait to cause a high termite mortality rate due to toxic feeding and does not serve as a good repellent to prevent termites from feeding on the wood. In general, OPTPA has better biological durability compared to RWPA.
Keywords: pyroligneous acid; oil palm trunk; rubberwood; termite attack; mould fungi; wood decay fungi; vacuum-pressure impregnation; wood preservatives pyroligneous acid; oil palm trunk; rubberwood; termite attack; mould fungi; wood decay fungi; vacuum-pressure impregnation; wood preservatives

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lee, C.L.; Chin, K.L.; Khoo, P.S.; Hafizuddin, M.S.; H’ng, P.S. Production and Potential Application of Pyroligneous Acids from Rubberwood and Oil Palm Trunk as Wood Preservatives through Vacuum-Pressure Impregnation Treatment. Polymers 2022, 14, 3863. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183863

AMA Style

Lee CL, Chin KL, Khoo PS, Hafizuddin MS, H’ng PS. Production and Potential Application of Pyroligneous Acids from Rubberwood and Oil Palm Trunk as Wood Preservatives through Vacuum-Pressure Impregnation Treatment. Polymers. 2022; 14(18):3863. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183863

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lee, Chuan Li, Kit Ling Chin, Pui San Khoo, Mohd Sahfani Hafizuddin, and Paik San H’ng. 2022. "Production and Potential Application of Pyroligneous Acids from Rubberwood and Oil Palm Trunk as Wood Preservatives through Vacuum-Pressure Impregnation Treatment" Polymers 14, no. 18: 3863. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183863

APA Style

Lee, C. L., Chin, K. L., Khoo, P. S., Hafizuddin, M. S., & H’ng, P. S. (2022). Production and Potential Application of Pyroligneous Acids from Rubberwood and Oil Palm Trunk as Wood Preservatives through Vacuum-Pressure Impregnation Treatment. Polymers, 14(18), 3863. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14183863

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