Romanian Journal of Preventive Medicine

409 KB

Open AccessOpinion

Screening and Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Corelated with Evidence-Based International Guidelines 2023 Recommendations

by Silvia-Elena Cîrstoiu and Claudia Mehedințu

Rom. J. Prev. Med. 2023, 2(3), 37-43; https://doi.org/10.3390/rjpm2030037 - 1 Sep 2023

Viewed by 103

Abstract

The etiology of PCOS is complex, and clinical features are heterogeneous, involving metabolic, cardiovascular, dermatological, psychological, and reproductive changes. The diagnosis is applied using the evidence-based International Guidelines 2018, following the Rotterdam Criteria 2003. Evidence-based guidelines 2023 have additionally provided clear evidence of [...] Read more.

The etiology of PCOS is complex, and clinical features are heterogeneous, involving metabolic, cardiovascular, dermatological, psychological, and reproductive changes. The diagnosis is applied using the evidence-based International Guidelines 2018, following the Rotterdam Criteria 2003. Evidence-based guidelines 2023 have additionally provided clear evidence of PCOS characteristics, which now include cardiovascular disease, with more solid information regarding the prevalence of sleep apnea and endometrial cancer. They have also included features such as the increased prevalence and severity of mood disorders as significant traits of this syndrome. Developing a lifestyle modification plan associated with individual needs is essential in managing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Full article

401 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Aging Process

by Mãdãlina-Nicoleta Mitroiu and Roxana Elena Bohîlțea

Rom. J. Prev. Med. 2023, 2(3), 31-36; https://doi.org/10.3390/rjpm2030031 - 1 Sep 2023

Viewed by 89

Abstract

Aging represents the progressive deterioration of physiological integrity. This natural process leads to atrophy, decreased elasticity, and impaired metabolic and reparative responses in the skin. There is an increasing emphasis on “healthy aging.” Chronic sun exposure leads to recurrent damage caused by the [...] Read more.

Aging represents the progressive deterioration of physiological integrity. This natural process leads to atrophy, decreased elasticity, and impaired metabolic and reparative responses in the skin. There is an increasing emphasis on “healthy aging.” Chronic sun exposure leads to recurrent damage caused by the sun’s ultraviolet light, known as photoaging. Environmental factors, in addition to sun exposure, also play a role in photoaging. Numerous studies have confirmed the role of cigarette smoke in accelerating skin aging. There are treatment options available for both types of aging. Full article

538 KB

Open AccessOpinion

Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy

by Bianca-Margareta Salmen and Roxana-Elena Bohîlțea

Rom. J. Prev. Med. 2023, 2(3), 26-30; https://doi.org/10.3390/rjpm2030026 - 1 Sep 2023

Viewed by 135

Abstract

Gestational anemia, characterized by a decrease in red blood cell mass during pregnancy, remains a pervasive global health concern, affecting maternal well-being and fetal development. We have described the physiological changes inherent in pregnancy that predispose women to iron deficiency, emphasizing the increased [...] Read more.

Gestational anemia, characterized by a decrease in red blood cell mass during pregnancy, remains a pervasive global health concern, affecting maternal well-being and fetal development. We have described the physiological changes inherent in pregnancy that predispose women to iron deficiency, emphasizing the increased demand for iron to support the growing fetus and the expansion of maternal blood volume. We explored the challenges in diagnosing and managing gestational anemia, considering the nuanced interplay of genetic, dietary, and socioeconomic factors that influence iron status, based on the national guideline recommendations. By enhancing our understanding of these complex dynamics, we aim to provide a comprehensive schematization of the national guideline for improved preventive strategies, early detection, and targeted interventions to optimize maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

4 pages, 383 KB

Open AccessOpinion

Current Status of Folic Acid Fortification in Romania

by Bianca-Margareta Salmen and Roxana-Elena Bohîlțea

Rom. J. Prev. Med. 2023, 2(3), 22-25; https://doi.org/10.3390/rjpm2030022 - 1 Sep 2023

Viewed by 148

Abstract

Among other benefits, folic acid has proven its role in preventing neural tube defects in the fertile female population. The neural tube defect prevalence is 21.9 in 10.000 births in the Eastern Mediterranean, while in the United States of America, the majority is [...] Read more.

Among other benefits, folic acid has proven its role in preventing neural tube defects in the fertile female population. The neural tube defect prevalence is 21.9 in 10.000 births in the Eastern Mediterranean, while in the United States of America, the majority is from 5.5 to 6.5 in 10.000 births. This difference, in favor of the United States, is probably due to the folic acid food fortification program. In Romania, the importance of periconceptional care is still underestimated; women from disadvantaged areas do not seek medical advice before pregnancy, during pregnancy, or even postpartum, and an obstetrician does not monitor most pregnancies. Folic acid supplementation periconceptionally remains a neglected subject in the Romanian population, which could benefit from folic acid food fortification. Full article

10 pages, 446 KB

Open AccessReview

Toxoplasmosis and Pregnancy: Current Approaches for Favourable Fetal Outcome

by Cristiana-Elena Durdu and Roxana-Elena Bohîlțea

Rom. J. Prev. Med. 2023, 2(3), 12-21; https://doi.org/10.3390/rjpm2030012 - 1 Sep 2023

Viewed by 374

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most widespread parasites worldwide. Although it causes asymptomatic infections in most cases, it can lead to severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. When acquired during pregnancy, it can negatively impact fetal development, resulting in unfavorable outcomes in neonates. [...] Read more.

Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most widespread parasites worldwide. Although it causes asymptomatic infections in most cases, it can lead to severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. When acquired during pregnancy, it can negatively impact fetal development, resulting in unfavorable outcomes in neonates. The epidemiology of this parasite varies from country to country, leading to a lack of international consensus on screening, diagnosis, and management of congenital toxoplasmosis. This article aims to review aspects related to the modes of transmission, screening, fetal prognosis, management, and prevention of this infection to increase the chances of a favorable fetal outcome. Full article

456 KB

Open AccessReview

Screening for Congenital Hip Dislocation—An Overview

by Rodica-Iulia Chirilă, Andreea Calomfirescu-Avramescu and Vlad Dima

Rom. J. Prev. Med. 2023, 2(3), 7-11; https://doi.org/10.3390/rjpm2030007 - 1 Sep 2023

Viewed by 83

Abstract

Developmental dysplasia of the hip, previously known as congenital dislocation of the hip, is the most common congenital disease of the musculoskeletal system in newborns. It corresponds to a complete or partial displacement of the femoral head out of the acetabulum. The incidence [...] Read more.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip, previously known as congenital dislocation of the hip, is the most common congenital disease of the musculoskeletal system in newborns. It corresponds to a complete or partial displacement of the femoral head out of the acetabulum. The incidence is around 1:1000 births and it depends on multiple factors (region, family history, gender, mechanical factors, or some specific neonatal conditions). Screening may be by universal neonatal clinical examination (Ortolani or Barlow maneuvers) with the addition of sonographic imaging of the hip (selecting the patients who present abnormalities detected by physical examination or risk factors, and universal screening in the neonate). This screening is recommended at the discharge of newborns in most maternity hospitals in Romania. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

385 KB

Open AccessEditorial

The National Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer

by Cristian Gheorghe

Rom. J. Prev. Med. 2023, 2(3), 3-6; https://doi.org/10.3390/rjpm2030003 - 1 Sep 2023

Viewed by 81

Abstract

As acting president of the Romanian Society of Coloproctology, what can you tell us about the particularities of this Society [...] Full article

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

Rom. J. Prev. Med., Volume 2, Issue 3 (09 2023) – 7 articles

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI