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Article

Optimal Conditions for a Multimode Laser Diode with Delayed Optical Feedback in Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy

by
Kenji Wada
1,*,
Tokihiro Kitagawa
1,
Tetsuya Matsuyama
1,
Koichi Okamoto
1 and
Fumiyoshi Kuwashima
2
1
Department of Physics and Electronics, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
2
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Spectrosc. J. 2023, 1(3), 137-151; https://doi.org/10.3390/spectroscj1030012
Submission received: 20 July 2023 / Revised: 8 September 2023 / Accepted: 1 November 2023 / Published: 4 November 2023
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Abstract

Recent studies have indicated that terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) can stably and efficiently acquire output spectra using an affordable and compact multimode laser diode (MMLD) with delayed optical feedback as the light source. This research focused on a numerical analysis of the optimal conditions for employing an MMLD with delayed optical feedback (a chaotic oscillating laser diode) in THz-TDS utilizing multimode rate equations. The findings revealed that the intermittent chaotic output generated by the MMLD, characterized by concurrent picosecond pulse oscillations lasting several tens of picoseconds, proved to be highly effective for THz-TDS. By appropriately setting the amounts for the injection current and optical feedback and the delay time for the optical feedback, intermittent chaotic oscillation could be attained within a considerably broad parameter range. The generation of intermittent chaotic oscillations was confirmed by observing their characteristic asymmetric spectral shapes. Moreover, both the MMLD output spectrum and the THz-TDS output spectrum exhibited consistently stable shapes at the microsecond scale, demonstrating the attractor properties inherent in an MMLD with delayed optical feedback.
Keywords: terahertz time-domain spectroscopy; multimode laser diode; delayed optical feedback; laser chaos; intermittent chaos; picosecond optical pulse generation; concurrent pulse oscillation; multimode rate equations terahertz time-domain spectroscopy; multimode laser diode; delayed optical feedback; laser chaos; intermittent chaos; picosecond optical pulse generation; concurrent pulse oscillation; multimode rate equations

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wada, K.; Kitagawa, T.; Matsuyama, T.; Okamoto, K.; Kuwashima, F. Optimal Conditions for a Multimode Laser Diode with Delayed Optical Feedback in Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Spectrosc. J. 2023, 1, 137-151. https://doi.org/10.3390/spectroscj1030012

AMA Style

Wada K, Kitagawa T, Matsuyama T, Okamoto K, Kuwashima F. Optimal Conditions for a Multimode Laser Diode with Delayed Optical Feedback in Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Spectroscopy Journal. 2023; 1(3):137-151. https://doi.org/10.3390/spectroscj1030012

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wada, Kenji, Tokihiro Kitagawa, Tetsuya Matsuyama, Koichi Okamoto, and Fumiyoshi Kuwashima. 2023. "Optimal Conditions for a Multimode Laser Diode with Delayed Optical Feedback in Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy" Spectroscopy Journal 1, no. 3: 137-151. https://doi.org/10.3390/spectroscj1030012

APA Style

Wada, K., Kitagawa, T., Matsuyama, T., Okamoto, K., & Kuwashima, F. (2023). Optimal Conditions for a Multimode Laser Diode with Delayed Optical Feedback in Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy. Spectroscopy Journal, 1(3), 137-151. https://doi.org/10.3390/spectroscj1030012

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