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Review

Repositioning Oxybutynin Hydrochloride: State of the Art in Synthesis, Mode of Action, Metabolism, and Formulations

by
Jean Jacques Vanden Eynde
1,2
1
Formerly Department of Organic Chemistry (FS), University of Mons-UMONS, 7000 Mons, Belgium
2
MDPI AG, St. Alban-Anlage 66, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
Drugs Drug Candidates 2023, 2(4), 865-882; https://doi.org/10.3390/ddc2040043
Submission received: 17 September 2023 / Revised: 15 October 2023 / Accepted: 20 October 2023 / Published: 24 October 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Marketed Drugs)
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Abstract

For decades, oxybutynin hydrochloride has been prescribed to improve bladder control in cases of incontinence and excessive urination frequency. This review summarizes synthetic methods enabling the preparation of the racemic drug and, in a detailed manner, preparation of (S)-2-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid, a key intermediate in the synthesis of (S)-oxybutynin. The mode of action and metabolism are briefly addressed in order to explain the main adverse effects associated with its use and to justify the evolution observed in the diverse commercial formulations. Repositioning opportunities are discussed in terms of clinical trials for the management of hyperhidrosis, hot flashes, and obstructive sleep apnea.
Keywords: bladder; breast cancer; hot flashes; hyperhidrosis; obstructive sleep apnea; oxybutynin; prostate cancer bladder; breast cancer; hot flashes; hyperhidrosis; obstructive sleep apnea; oxybutynin; prostate cancer

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vanden Eynde, J.J. Repositioning Oxybutynin Hydrochloride: State of the Art in Synthesis, Mode of Action, Metabolism, and Formulations. Drugs Drug Candidates 2023, 2, 865-882. https://doi.org/10.3390/ddc2040043

AMA Style

Vanden Eynde JJ. Repositioning Oxybutynin Hydrochloride: State of the Art in Synthesis, Mode of Action, Metabolism, and Formulations. Drugs and Drug Candidates. 2023; 2(4):865-882. https://doi.org/10.3390/ddc2040043

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vanden Eynde, Jean Jacques. 2023. "Repositioning Oxybutynin Hydrochloride: State of the Art in Synthesis, Mode of Action, Metabolism, and Formulations" Drugs and Drug Candidates 2, no. 4: 865-882. https://doi.org/10.3390/ddc2040043

APA Style

Vanden Eynde, J. J. (2023). Repositioning Oxybutynin Hydrochloride: State of the Art in Synthesis, Mode of Action, Metabolism, and Formulations. Drugs and Drug Candidates, 2(4), 865-882. https://doi.org/10.3390/ddc2040043

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