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Volume 11
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Proceeding Paper

Modelling Crime Data Using the Non-Stationary Bivariate Integer-Valued Autoregressive (BINAR(1)) Models with Poisson-Lindley (PL) Innovations †

by
Yuvraj Sunecher
1,*,‡,
Naushad Mamode Khan
2,‡,
Muhammed Rasheed Irshad
3,‡ and
Hendrik Willem Pretorius
4,‡
1
Department of Accounting Finance and Economics, University of Technology Mauritius, Port Louis 11318, Mauritius
2
Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Mauritius, Reduit 80832, Mauritius
3
Department of Statistics, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Cochin 682001, India
4
Department of Informatics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0025, South Africa
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 11th International Conference on Time Series and Forecasting, Canaria, Spain, 16–18 July 2025.
‡
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Comput. Sci. Math. Forum 2025, 11(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/cmsf2025011034
Published: 31 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 11th International Conference on Time Series and Forecasting)
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Abstract

This paper proposes a family of first order bivariate integer-valued autoregressive (BINAR(1)) with Poisson Lindley innovations (BINAR(1)PL). The model parameters are estimated using the conditional maximum likelihood (CML) estimation approach. The proposed models are applied on some real life crime data.
Keywords: BINAR(1); Poisson Lindley; CML; crime BINAR(1); Poisson Lindley; CML; crime

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MDPI and ACS Style

Sunecher, Y.; Khan, N.M.; Irshad, M.R.; Pretorius, H.W. Modelling Crime Data Using the Non-Stationary Bivariate Integer-Valued Autoregressive (BINAR(1)) Models with Poisson-Lindley (PL) Innovations. Comput. Sci. Math. Forum 2025, 11, 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/cmsf2025011034

AMA Style

Sunecher Y, Khan NM, Irshad MR, Pretorius HW. Modelling Crime Data Using the Non-Stationary Bivariate Integer-Valued Autoregressive (BINAR(1)) Models with Poisson-Lindley (PL) Innovations. Computer Sciences & Mathematics Forum. 2025; 11(1):34. https://doi.org/10.3390/cmsf2025011034

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sunecher, Yuvraj, Naushad Mamode Khan, Muhammed Rasheed Irshad, and Hendrik Willem Pretorius. 2025. "Modelling Crime Data Using the Non-Stationary Bivariate Integer-Valued Autoregressive (BINAR(1)) Models with Poisson-Lindley (PL) Innovations" Computer Sciences & Mathematics Forum 11, no. 1: 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/cmsf2025011034

APA Style

Sunecher, Y., Khan, N. M., Irshad, M. R., & Pretorius, H. W. (2025). Modelling Crime Data Using the Non-Stationary Bivariate Integer-Valued Autoregressive (BINAR(1)) Models with Poisson-Lindley (PL) Innovations. Computer Sciences & Mathematics Forum, 11(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.3390/cmsf2025011034

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