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International Journal of Orofacial Myology and Myofunctional Therapy is published by MDPI from Volume 51 Issue 1 (2025). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with the previous journal publisher.

Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther., Volume 20, Issue 1 (November 1994) – 7 articles , Pages 4-53

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2 pages, 918 KiB  
Perspective
Program to Eliminate Thumb (Or Finger) Sucking
by Roberta B. Pierce
Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther. 1994, 20(1), 52-53; https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.1994.20.1.7 - 1 Nov 1994
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 52
Abstract
The key to successful elimination of thumbsucking is motivation. The child and the parents must understand why the sucking must be stopped and the damage it causes to the teeth and palate. In some instances, a parent believes the child needs to suck, [...] Read more.
The key to successful elimination of thumbsucking is motivation. The child and the parents must understand why the sucking must be stopped and the damage it causes to the teeth and palate. In some instances, a parent believes the child needs to suck, and that eliminating thumbsucking will rob the child of a necessary psychological satisfaction or will cause other aberrant behaviors to emerge. This is simply not true. In other instances, a child may have tried numerous gimmicks unsuccessfully or has been nagged relentlessly to get your thumb out of your mouth. 'The most important goal in presenting a thumb program is to convince both parent and child that you have a method which really works. Full article
12 pages, 7586 KiB  
Perspective
Applications of Orofacial Myofunctional Techniques to Speech Therapy
by Cynthia F. Landis
Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther. 1994, 20(1), 40-51; https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.1994.20.1.6 - 1 Nov 1994
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 94
Abstract
A speech-language pathologist describes how she uses oral myofunctional therapy techniques in the treatment of speech articulation disorders, voice disorders, stuttering and apraxia of speech. Specific exercises are detailed. Full article
8 pages, 1257 KiB  
Tutorial
Theoretical Approaches to Behavior Change in Myofunctional Therapy
by H. G. Sergl and A. Zentner
Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther. 1994, 20(1), 32-39; https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.1994.20.1.5 - 1 Nov 1994
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 58
Abstract
The effectiveness of myofunctional therapy depends not only on the quality of the individual exercises but also considerably on the patient’s compliance. In this paper, factors are described which may decisively influence patients motivation to cooperate during treatment. Based on experience in dealing [...] Read more.
The effectiveness of myofunctional therapy depends not only on the quality of the individual exercises but also considerably on the patient’s compliance. In this paper, factors are described which may decisively influence patients motivation to cooperate during treatment. Based on experience in dealing with patients, clinical studies and psychological knowledge, theoretical approaches to patient motivation are discussed, namely aspects of verbal communication, control, reward, behavior agreement as well as verbal self-control and self-reward. Full article
5 pages, 474 KiB  
Case Report
Application of Myofunctional Therapy in Cases with Craniomandibular Disorders
by Hiroshi Sasaki and Yoshinobu Shibasaki
Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther. 1994, 20(1), 27-31; https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.1994.20.1.4 - 1 Nov 1994
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 67
Abstract
Modern technology for diagnosis and treatment planning in the management of craniomandibular disorders is described. Three cases are presented to demonstrate how myofunctional therapy is used to (1) stop the damaging hyperactivity of masticatory and perioral muscles and (2) to restore normal muscle [...] Read more.
Modern technology for diagnosis and treatment planning in the management of craniomandibular disorders is described. Three cases are presented to demonstrate how myofunctional therapy is used to (1) stop the damaging hyperactivity of masticatory and perioral muscles and (2) to restore normal muscle function at rest and for chewing and swallowing. Full article
5 pages, 4281 KiB  
Article
An Examination of Alveolar Stop Retraction During Pacifier Use
by Norman Garber and Mary E. Reynolds
Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther. 1994, 20(1), 22-26; https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.1994.20.1.3 - 1 Nov 1994
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 53
Abstract
Employing a single subject A-B-A experimental design, a four year old female with normal articulation and a history of pacifier use was observed to demonstrate alveolar stop retraction more than fifty percent of the time while using her orthodontic device. Contextual factors appeared [...] Read more.
Employing a single subject A-B-A experimental design, a four year old female with normal articulation and a history of pacifier use was observed to demonstrate alveolar stop retraction more than fifty percent of the time while using her orthodontic device. Contextual factors appeared to have played a role in this variability. Upon confirming this phenomenon in the four year old subject, a follow-up investigation was undertaken with seven children between the ages of three and five years. All subjects had age appropriate articulation skills with no evidence of alveolar stop retraction without the pacifier in place and only rarely with the pacifier in place (0.85%). Implications of these findings and the need for further research are discussed. Full article
12 pages, 11431 KiB  
Perspective
Artificial Sucking Habits: Etiology, Prevalence and Effect on Occlusion
by Erik Larsson
Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther. 1994, 20(1), 10-21; https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.1994.20.1.2 - 1 Nov 1994
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 65
Abstract
Active digit-sucking results in (1) reduced vertical growth of the frontal parts of alveolar process which creates an anterior open bite; (2) proclination of the upper incisors as a result of the horizontal force crested by the digit; (3) anterior displacement of the [...] Read more.
Active digit-sucking results in (1) reduced vertical growth of the frontal parts of alveolar process which creates an anterior open bite; (2) proclination of the upper incisors as a result of the horizontal force crested by the digit; (3) anterior displacement of the maxilla for the same reason; (4) anterior rotation of the maxilla, resulting in an increased prevalence of posterior crossbite in the deciduous dentition; and (5) proclination or retroclination of the lower incisors which seems to be due to the strength of the tightness of the lower lip and tongue activity during sucking. When the sucking habit stops, the anterior open bite will correct itself spontaneously, due to increased growth of the alveolar processes, provided that the patient is still growing. If the lip activity and the lip/teeth relationship is normal, the upper incisors will upright themselves, and sometimes, due to the anterior displacement of maxilla, become somewhat retroclined. The skeletal effect of the sucking habit will remain. Improper use oi a pacifier can create quite disastrous effects on the occlusion, if, for instance, the child has the shield inside the lower lip or is biting into the shield. Otherwise, the effect of the pacifier is limited to the vertical and the transversal plane. The anterior openbite is normally more obvious and visible earlier in pacifier-suckers than in digit-suckers. As in digit-suckers, the open bite is associated with tongue thrust during swallowing. Also in pacifier-suckers, the open bite will correct itself spontaneously when the habit stops despite the tongue-thrust. Sucking a pacifier is more clearly related to a posterior crossbite in the deciduous dentition than is digit-sucking. When the pacifier is in the child’s mouth, the teat occupies the upper part of the anterior and middle part of the mouth thus forcing the tongue to a lower position. In the upper jaw, the teeth in the canine area lack palatal support from the tongue during the sucking activity of the cheeks. This reduces the arch width and increases the risk of a transversal malrelation between the upper and lower arches. The low tongue position widens the lower jaw in the same area thus enhancing the probability of the development of a posterior cross-bite. Full article
6 pages, 8964 KiB  
Article
Thumbsucking as Related to Placement and Acoustic Aspects of /s,z/ and Lingual Rest Postures
by Gloria D. Kellum, Alan M. Gross, Sue T. Hale, Stephanie Eiland and Carole Williams
Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther. 1994, 20(1), 4-9; https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.1994.20.1.1 - 1 Nov 1994
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 52
Abstract
Three hundred seventy-one second graders in rural public schools were evaluated for thumbsucking, rest and swallow postures of the tongue, and articulatory placement and acoustic aspects of /s,z/. Significant relationships were observed between thumbsucking and lower dental or interdental rest and swallow postures [...] Read more.
Three hundred seventy-one second graders in rural public schools were evaluated for thumbsucking, rest and swallow postures of the tongue, and articulatory placement and acoustic aspects of /s,z/. Significant relationships were observed between thumbsucking and lower dental or interdental rest and swallow postures as well as acoustic errors for /s,z/. The implications of these relationships are discussed. Full article
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