Fungal Skin Infections in Beach Volleyball Athletes in Greece
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Statistical and Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Characteristics and Training Elements
3.2. Fungal Skin Infections, Season of Appearance, and Body Location
- Upper limbs: Tinea manuum was observed in 78.8% of cases.
- Lower limbs: Tinea pedis was observed in 68.4%, and tinea unguim in 77.3%.
- Corpus: Tinea cruris was observed in 66.7%, and tinea versicolor in 73.5%.
3.3. Differences in the Prevalence of Fungal Skin Infections Between Males and Females
- Tinea pedis: 35.3% versus 22.6%, OR = 1.56. This indicates that males are 1.56 times more likely than females to develop tinea pedis.
- Tinea manuum: 17.3% versus 11.0%, OR = 1.57. This indicates that males are 1.57 times more likely than females to develop tinea manuum.
3.4. Correlations
4. Discussion
4.1. Tinea Pedis
4.2. Tinea Unguium
4.3. Tinea Cruris
4.4. Tinea Versicolor
4.5. Tinea Manuum
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gender | n | % |
---|---|---|
Male | 329 | 41.9 |
Female | 456 | 58.1 |
Number of weekly training | ||
Less than 4 | 697 | 88.8 |
More than 4 | 88 | 11.2 |
Average hours of daily training | ||
Less than 1 | 12 | 1.5 |
1–2 | 511 | 65.1 |
More than 2 | 262 | 33.4 |
Fungal Infections | |||
---|---|---|---|
Tinea Pedis n (%) | Tinea Unguium n (%) | Tinea Cruris n (%) | |
No | 566 (72.1) | 667 (85.0) | 667 (85.0) |
Yes | 219 (27.9) | 118 (15.0) | 118 (15.0) |
Season of fungal infections appearance | |||
Winter | 36 (28.1) | 36 (52.9) | 6 (10.7) |
Spring | 28 (21.9) | 22 (32.4) | 6 (10.7) |
Summer | 96 (75.0) | 47 (69.1) | 45 (80.4) |
Autumn | 54 (42.2) | 35 (51.5) | 15 (26.8) |
Body location | |||
Upper limbs | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (26.7) |
Lower limbs | 78 (68.4) | 58 (77.3) | 9 (15.0) |
Head | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Corpus | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 40 (66.7) |
Palms/Hand | 0 (0.0) | 9 (12.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Soles | 43 (37.7) | 19 (25.3) | 1 (1.7) |
Face | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Fungal Infections | ||
---|---|---|
Tinea Versicolor n (%) | Tinea Manuum n (%) | |
No | 673 (85.7) | 678 (86.4) |
Yes | 112 (14.3) | 107 (13.6) |
Season of fungal infection appearance | ||
Winter | 20 (47.6) | 14 (38.9) |
Spring | 15 (35.7) | 11 (30.6) |
Summer | 26 (61.9) | 26 (72.2) |
Autumn | 14 (33.3) | 12 (33.3) |
Body location | ||
Upper limbs | 6 (12.2) | 26 (78.8) |
Lower limbs | 3 (6.1) | 3 (6.1) |
Head | 8 (16.3) | 0 (0.0) |
Corpus | 36 (73.5) | 0 (0.0) |
Palms/Hand | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Soles | 1 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Face | 2 (4.1) | 0 (0.0) |
Gender | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | |||||||||
No | Yes | No | Yes | |||||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | Χ2 (1) | p | |
Tinea Pedis | 353 | (77.4%) | 103 | (22.6%) | 213 | (64.7%) | 116 | (35.3%) | 15.253 | 0.000 |
Tinea Unguium | 388 | (85.1%) | 68 | (14.9%) | 279 | (84.8%) | 50 | (15.2%) | 0.012 | 0.912 |
Tinea Cruris | 386 | (84.6%) | 70 | (15.4%) | 281 | (85.4%) | 48 | (14.6%) | 0.087 | 0.768 |
Tinea Versicolor | 398 | (87.3%) | 58 | (12.7%) | 275 | (83.6%) | 54 | (16.4%) | 2.132 | 0.144 |
Tinea Manuum | 406 | (89.0%) | 50 | (11.0%) | 272 | (82.7%) | 57 | (17.3%) | 6.567 | 0.010 |
Tinea Pedis | Tinea Unguium | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | No | Yes | p Value | No | Yes | p Value |
Gender | <0.000 a | <0.912 a | ||||
Male | 213 (64.7) | 116 (35.3) | 279 (84.8) | 50 (15.2) | ||
Female | 353 (77.4) | 103 (22.6) | 388 (85.1) | 68 (14.9) | ||
Number of weekly trainings | 0.000 d | 0.043 d | ||||
Less than 4 | 254 (77.9) | 72 (22.1) | 290 (89) | 36 (11) | ||
More than 4 | 255 (66.1) | 131 (33.9) | 323 (83.7) | 63 (16.3) | ||
Average hours of daily training | 0.124 d | 0.039 d | ||||
Less than 1 | 10 (83.3) | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) | 2 (16.7) | ||
1–2 | 319 (69.0) | 143 (31.0) | 387 (83.8) | 75 (16.2) | ||
More than 2 | 180 (75.6) | 58 (24.4) | 216 (90.8) | 22 (9.2) |
Tinea Cruris | Tinea Versicolor | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | No | Yes | p Value | No | Yes | p Value |
Gender | <0.768 a | <0.114 a | ||||
Male | 281 (85.4) | 48 (14.6) | 275 (83.6) | 54 (16.4) | ||
Female | 386 (84.6) | 70 (15.4) | 398 (87.3) | 58 (12.7) | ||
Number of weekly trainings | 0.008 d | 0.038 d | ||||
Less than 4 | 288 (88.3) | 38 (11.7) | 286 (87.7) | 40 (12.3) | ||
More than 4 | 313 (81.1) | 73 (18.9) | 317(82.1) | 69 (17.9) | ||
Average hours of daily training | 0.301 d | 0.204 d | ||||
Less than 1 | 9 (75.0) | 3 (25.0) | 9 (75.0) | 3 (25.0) | ||
1–2 | 385 (83.3) | 77 (16.7) | 387 (83.8) | 75 (16.2) | ||
More than 2 | 207 (87.0) | 31 (13.0) | 207 (87.0) | 31 (13.0) |
Tinea Manuum | |||
---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | No | Yes | p Value |
Gender | <0.010 a | ||
Male | 272 (82.7) | 57 (17.3) | |
Female | 406 (89) | 50 (11.0) | |
Number of weekly trainings | 0.043 d | ||
Less than 4 | 290 (89.0) | 36 (11.0) | |
More than 4 | 323 (83.7) | 63 (16.3) | |
Average hours of daily training | 0.039 d | ||
Less than 1 | 10 (83.3) | 2 (16.7) | |
1–2 | 387 (83.8) | 75 (16.2) | |
More than 2 | 216 (90.8) | 22 (9.2) |
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Tertipi, N.; Sfyri, E.; Kefala, V.; Rallis, E. Fungal Skin Infections in Beach Volleyball Athletes in Greece. Hygiene 2024, 4, 458-468. https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene4040034
Tertipi N, Sfyri E, Kefala V, Rallis E. Fungal Skin Infections in Beach Volleyball Athletes in Greece. Hygiene. 2024; 4(4):458-468. https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene4040034
Chicago/Turabian StyleTertipi, Niki, Eleni Sfyri, Vasiliki Kefala, and Efstathios Rallis. 2024. "Fungal Skin Infections in Beach Volleyball Athletes in Greece" Hygiene 4, no. 4: 458-468. https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene4040034
APA StyleTertipi, N., Sfyri, E., Kefala, V., & Rallis, E. (2024). Fungal Skin Infections in Beach Volleyball Athletes in Greece. Hygiene, 4(4), 458-468. https://doi.org/10.3390/hygiene4040034