Shining Light on Photosynthesis in the Harmful Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi–Responses to Short-Term Changes in Temperature, Nitrogen Form, and Availability
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Algal Culture
2.2. Specific Growth Rate, Nutrient Analysis
2.3. Experimental Setup
2.4. Chl Fluorescence Measurements
2.5. 15N Isotope Analysis
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Initial Cell and Nutrient Conditions
3.2. PSII Quantum Efficiency and Quantum Yields
3.3. Relative Electron Transfer Rate
3.4. Excitation Pressure
3.5. 15N Isotope Incorporation
4. Discussion
4.1. Temperature, Energy (Light) and Material (N) Addition Effects on Photosynthesis
4.2. N Form Effects on Photosynthesis at 30 °C
4.3. Implications of Temperature Effects for Natural Assemblages
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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ANOVA (N form Effects) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Fv/Fm | rETRmax | |||
F(df = 2) | p-value | F (df = 2) | p-value | |
15 °C | 1.329 | 0.301 | 4.901 | 0.028 |
20 °C | 0.329 | 0.726 | 3.942 | 0.048 |
25 °C | 1.361 | 0.293 | 3.238 | 0.075 |
30 °C | 25.58 | <0.001 | 12.85 | 0.001 |
NO3− | NH4+ | Urea | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fv/Fm | rETRmax | Fv/Fm | rETRmax | Fv/Fm | rETRmax | |
15 °C | 0.41 ± 0.01 | 11.2 ± 2.0 | 0.43 ± 0.03 | 15.6 ± 3.0 | 0.43 ± 0.02 | 14.1 ± 1.6 |
20 °C | 0.43 ± 0.03 | 11.6 ± 1.4 | 0.44 ± 0.03 | 14.0 ± 1.7 | 0.42 ± 0.02 | 14.1 ± 1.7 |
25 °C | 0.45 ± 0.02 | 10.1 ± 2.2 | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 13.0 ± 2.0 | 0.46 ± 0.01 | 12.7 ± 1.8 |
30 °C | 0.02 ± 0.03 | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 0.07 ± 0.03 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 0.17 ± 0.04 | 3.1 ± 0.6 |
ANOVA (temperature effects at 15–25 °C) | ||||||
F (df = 2) | 3.935 | 0.856 | 3.368 | 1.613 | 7.485 | 1.192 |
p-value | 0.049 | 0.449 | 0.069 | 0.240 | 0.008 | 0.337 |
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Ahn, S.H.; Glibert, P.M. Shining Light on Photosynthesis in the Harmful Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi–Responses to Short-Term Changes in Temperature, Nitrogen Form, and Availability. Phycology 2022, 2, 30-44. https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology2010002
Ahn SH, Glibert PM. Shining Light on Photosynthesis in the Harmful Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi–Responses to Short-Term Changes in Temperature, Nitrogen Form, and Availability. Phycology. 2022; 2(1):30-44. https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology2010002
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhn, So Hyun (Sophia), and Patricia M. Glibert. 2022. "Shining Light on Photosynthesis in the Harmful Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi–Responses to Short-Term Changes in Temperature, Nitrogen Form, and Availability" Phycology 2, no. 1: 30-44. https://doi.org/10.3390/phycology2010002