Evaluation of Diverse Sorghum for Leaf Dhurrin Content and Post-Anthesis (Stay-Green) Drought Tolerance
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Material and Experimental Design
2.2. Stay-Green Phenotyping
2.3. Leaf Dhurrin and Sugar Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
Genotype × Environment + Rep[Env] + Error.
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Line | Pedigree | Class | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
BTx642 | BTx406/IS12555 | Stay-green | Xu et al., 2000 [10,18] |
R9188 | SC599-6sel | Stay-green | Rosenow et al., 1983 [6] |
1790E | SC56/SC33 | Stay-green | Rosenow et al., 1983 [6] |
B4R | BTx406/Rio | Stay-green | Burke et al., 2013 [15] |
B1778 | SC56/SC33 | Stay-green | Rosenow et al., 1983 [6] |
Tx7000 | Caprock, Kafir-Milo | Senescent | Xu et al., 2000 [10,18] |
RTx437 | SC120sel/RTx430 | Senescent | Burke et al., 2013 [15] |
BTx623 | BTx3197/SC170-6-4 | Senescent | Rosenow et al., 1983 [6] |
BTx3042 | Redbine, Kafir-Milo | Senescent | Burke et al., 2013 [15] |
BTx378 | Redlan, Kafir | Senescent | Tenkouano et al., 1993 [19] |
Source of Variation | df | Dhurrin † | Glucose † | Fructose † | Sucrose † | Stay-Green ‡ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Environment (E) | 3 | 2.12 *** | 4.03 *** | 8.75 *** | 15.47 *** | 0.25 |
Rep[E] | 8 | 0.08 ** | 0.32 *** | 2.76 *** | 0.89 *** | 0.49 * |
Genotype (G) | 9 | 3.23 *** | 0.48 *** | 2.82 *** | 0.51 *** | 9.0 *** |
GxE | 27 | 0.13 *** | 0.07 | 1.7 ** | 0.13 | 0.32 |
Error | 72 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.21 |
R2 | 0.93 | 0.85 | 0.86 | 0.92 | 0.86 | |
CV (%) | 5.0 | 9.6 | 5.0 | 7.5 | 15.3 | |
Repeatability | 0.89 | 0.95 | 0.87 | 0.92 | 0.92 |
Trait | Dhurrin † | Fructose † | Glucose † | Sucrose † | Stay-Green ‡ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dhurrin | - | ||||
Fructose | −0.11 | - | |||
Glucose | −0.16 * | 0.97 *** | - | ||
Sucrose | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.04 | - | |
Stay-green ‡ | −0.62 ** | −0.08 | −0.08 | −0.14 * | - |
Pedigree | Class | Dhurrin † | Glucose † | Fructose † | Sucrose † | Stay-Green ‡ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1778 | Stay-green | 84.8 | 73.4 | 57.6 | 64.5 | 2.5 |
1790E | Stay-green | 66.7 | 46.5 | 40.0 | 42.5 | 2.3 |
BTx642 | Stay-green | 60.0 | 82.1 | 70.4 | 78.4 | 1.5 |
B4R | Stay-green | 51.7 | 80.6 | 60.4 | 78.9 | 2.3 |
R9188 | Stay-green | 45.9 | 95.8 | 63.8 | 65.8 | 2.4 |
RTx437 | Senescent | 28.3 | 80.3 | 64.9 | 44.9 | 3.7 |
BTx378 | Senescent | 23.5 | 75.1 | 59.5 | 39.2 | 3.8 |
BTx623 | Senescent | 23.1 | 57.8 | 47.5 | 63.9 | 3.8 |
BTx3042 | Senescent | 23.0 | 71.2 | 55.3 | 54.5 | 3.6 |
Tx7000 | Senescent | 20.9 | 90.2 | 67.5 | 67.3 | 3.8 |
HSDp < 0.05 | 9.8 | 27.1 | 19.6 | 39.8 | 0.5 | |
CV (%) | 5.0 | 10.4 | 9.5 | 19.9 | 17.1 |
Leaf Dhurrin (μg/cm2) | |||
---|---|---|---|
CA | CW | ||
Genotype | LS mean | Genotype | LS mean |
1790E * | 70.4 | B1778 * | 91.6 |
B1778 * | 51.0 | BTx642 * | 66.9 |
BTx642 * | 38.5 | 1790E * | 60.5 |
B4R * | 27.5 | B4R * | 52.8 |
R9188 * | 24.8 | R9188 * | 33.0 |
BTx378 | 17.7 | RTx437 | 29.2 |
BTx623 | 16.8 | BTx623 | 24.2 |
Tx7000 | 15.3 | BTx378 | 22.4 |
BTx3042 | 14.9 | BTx3042 | 20.3 |
RTx437 | 14.6 | Tx7000 | 19.8 |
LSDp < 0.05 | 10.8 | LSDp < 0.05 | 19.6 |
LB | WE | ||
Genotype | LS mean | Genotype | LS mean |
B1788 * | 90.1 | B1778 * | 106.4 |
BTx642 * | 78.0 | R9188 * | 82.8 |
1790E * | 73.8 | B4R * | 79.6 |
B4R * | 46.7 | 1790E * | 61.6 |
R9188 * | 42.8 | BTx642 * | 56.4 |
RTx437 | 41.2 | RTx437 | 28.1 |
BTx3042 | 30.5 | BTx3042 | 26.2 |
BTx378 | 30.0 | BTx378 | 23.7 |
BTx623 | 29.5 | TX7000 | 22.9 |
Tx7000 | 25.2 | BTx623 | 21.9 |
LSDp < 0.05 | 17.7 | LSDp < 0.05 | 23.0 |
Stay-Green Rating | |||
---|---|---|---|
CA | CW | ||
Genotype | LS mean | Genotype | LS mean |
BTx623 | 4.0 | BTx378 | 4.2 |
BTx378 | 3.8 | BTx623 | 4.2 |
Tx7000 | 3.7 | Tx7000 | 4.0 |
RTx437 | 3.7 | BTx3042 | 3.7 |
BTx3042 | 3.2 | RTx437 | 3.7 |
B1778 * | 3.0 | B1778 * | 2.7 |
B4R * | 2.3 | R9188 * | 2.3 |
R9188 * | 2.0 | B4R * | 2.3 |
1790E * | 1.8 | 1790E * | 2.0 |
BTx642 * | 1.3 | BTx642 * | 1.7 |
LSDp < 0.05 | 1.1 | LSDp < 0.05 | 1.0 |
LB | WE | ||
Genotype | LS mean | Genotype | LS mean |
BTx3042 | 4.2 | RTx437 | 4.2 |
Tx7000 | 4.0 | BTx378 | 3.8 |
BTx623 | 3.8 | BTx3042 | 3.7 |
RTx437 | 3.7 | Tx7000 | 3.7 |
BTx378 | 3.5 | BTx623 | 3.3 |
1790E * | 2.7 | 1790E * | 2.8 |
B4R * | 2.7 | R9188 * | 2.5 |
R9188 * | 2.7 | B1778 * | 2.2 |
B1778 * | 2.3 | B4R * | 2.0 |
BTx642 * | 1.3 | BTx642 * | 1.8 |
LSDp < 0.05 | 0.9 | LSDp < 0.05 | 1.1 |
Leaf Sucrose (μg/cm2) | |||
---|---|---|---|
CA | CW | ||
Genotype | LS mean | Genotype | LS mean |
R9188 * | 89.4 | BTx642 * | 34.4 |
BTx642 * | 83.6 | B4R * | 33.0 |
B4R * | 69.4 | R9188 * | 29.8 |
Tx7000 | 58.4 | RTx437 | 28.6 |
BTx623 | 53.4 | BTx3042 | 26.8 |
BTx3042 | 51.8 | Tx7000 | 26.8 |
B1778 * | 42.7 | BTx378 | 25.5 |
BTx378 | 41.9 | B1778 * | 25.5 |
RTx437 | 37.7 | BTx623 | 25.2 |
1790E * | 32.8 | 1790E * | 23.9 |
LSDp < 0.05 | 51.9 | LSDp < 0.05 | 7.7 |
LB | WE | ||
Genotype | LS mean | Genotype | LS mean |
BTx642 * | 48.6 | B4R * | 171.0 |
B4R * | 42.1 | B1778 * | 169.6 |
BTx623 | 40.7 | Tx7000 | 145.9 |
Tx7000 | 23.7 | BTx623 | 136.6 |
BTx3042 | 23.2 | BTx642 * | 132.5 |
B1778 * | 20.3 | BTx3042 | 116.4 |
R9188 * | 20.2 | R9188 * | 108.5 |
BTx378 | 18.7 | RTx437 | 100.7 |
1790E * | 17.5 | 1790E * | 95.9 |
RTx437 | 12.8 | BTx378 | 66.3 |
LSDp < 0.05 | 31.8 | LSDp < 0.05 | 45.2 |
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Hayes, C.; Emendack, Y.; Sanchez, J.; Burke, J.; Pugh, N.A.; Xin, Z.; Rooney, W. Evaluation of Diverse Sorghum for Leaf Dhurrin Content and Post-Anthesis (Stay-Green) Drought Tolerance. Crops 2023, 3, 241-250. https://doi.org/10.3390/crops3030022
Hayes C, Emendack Y, Sanchez J, Burke J, Pugh NA, Xin Z, Rooney W. Evaluation of Diverse Sorghum for Leaf Dhurrin Content and Post-Anthesis (Stay-Green) Drought Tolerance. Crops. 2023; 3(3):241-250. https://doi.org/10.3390/crops3030022
Chicago/Turabian StyleHayes, Chad, Yves Emendack, Jacobo Sanchez, John Burke, N. Ace Pugh, Zhanguo Xin, and William Rooney. 2023. "Evaluation of Diverse Sorghum for Leaf Dhurrin Content and Post-Anthesis (Stay-Green) Drought Tolerance" Crops 3, no. 3: 241-250. https://doi.org/10.3390/crops3030022
APA StyleHayes, C., Emendack, Y., Sanchez, J., Burke, J., Pugh, N. A., Xin, Z., & Rooney, W. (2023). Evaluation of Diverse Sorghum for Leaf Dhurrin Content and Post-Anthesis (Stay-Green) Drought Tolerance. Crops, 3(3), 241-250. https://doi.org/10.3390/crops3030022