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Volume 28
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10.3390/materproc2025028004
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Proceeding Paper

Hierarchical Ag-Doped Hydroxyapatite Coatings on TiO2 Nanotubes Formed on Ti-407 Alloy: Antibacterial Evaluation Against Escherichia coli  †

by
Angie P. Tamayo-Jimenez
1,
Frank E. Melendez-Anzures
2,3,*,
Maria P. Barron-Gonzalez
1,
Enrique M. Lopez-Cuellar
2,
Yadira Quiñones-Gutierrez
1,
Javier A. Garza-Guajardo
2 and
Azael Martinez-De la Cruz
2
1
Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza 66455, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
2
Facultad de Ingenieria Mecanica y Electrica, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza 66455, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
3
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for the Future of Education, Monterrey 64700, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the International Symposium on Nanotechnology for Medicine, Environment and Energy, Veracruz, Mexico, 5–7 November 2025.
Mater. Proc. 2025, 28(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025028004
Published: 11 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The International Symposium on Nanotechnology for Medicine, Environment and Energy)
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Abstract

Postoperative infections in orthopedic implants remain a major complication, particularly in open fractures, where early bacterial colonization and the limited bioactivity of titanium alloys hinder osseointegration. This study reports a hierarchical coating synthesized in situ on Ti-407 alloy, integrating bioactive and antibacterial functions. TiO2 nanotube arrays were formed by anodization and subsequently functionalized by sequential electrodeposition of Ag nanoparticles and doped hydroxyapatite (HA) (Ca, P, Mg, Zn). SEM/EDS confirmed uniform coatings with a Ca/P ratio near stoichiometric HA (1.61). Agar diffusion assays against E. coli ATCC® 25922™ revealed well-defined inhibition zones, confirming the antibacterial efficacy of the coatings. These findings highlight the potential of hierarchical coatings to enhance bone integration while reducing infection risk in orthopedic implants.
Keywords: TiO nanotubes; Ag–HA coatings; orthopedic implants; osseointegration TiO nanotubes; Ag–HA coatings; orthopedic implants; osseointegration

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tamayo-Jimenez, A.P.; Melendez-Anzures, F.E.; Barron-Gonzalez, M.P.; Lopez-Cuellar, E.M.; Quiñones-Gutierrez, Y.; Garza-Guajardo, J.A.; la Cruz, A.M.-D. Hierarchical Ag-Doped Hydroxyapatite Coatings on TiO2 Nanotubes Formed on Ti-407 Alloy: Antibacterial Evaluation Against Escherichia coli . Mater. Proc. 2025, 28, 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025028004

AMA Style

Tamayo-Jimenez AP, Melendez-Anzures FE, Barron-Gonzalez MP, Lopez-Cuellar EM, Quiñones-Gutierrez Y, Garza-Guajardo JA, la Cruz AM-D. Hierarchical Ag-Doped Hydroxyapatite Coatings on TiO2 Nanotubes Formed on Ti-407 Alloy: Antibacterial Evaluation Against Escherichia coli . Materials Proceedings. 2025; 28(1):4. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025028004

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tamayo-Jimenez, Angie P., Frank E. Melendez-Anzures, Maria P. Barron-Gonzalez, Enrique M. Lopez-Cuellar, Yadira Quiñones-Gutierrez, Javier A. Garza-Guajardo, and Azael Martinez-De la Cruz. 2025. "Hierarchical Ag-Doped Hydroxyapatite Coatings on TiO2 Nanotubes Formed on Ti-407 Alloy: Antibacterial Evaluation Against Escherichia coli " Materials Proceedings 28, no. 1: 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025028004

APA Style

Tamayo-Jimenez, A. P., Melendez-Anzures, F. E., Barron-Gonzalez, M. P., Lopez-Cuellar, E. M., Quiñones-Gutierrez, Y., Garza-Guajardo, J. A., & la Cruz, A. M.-D. (2025). Hierarchical Ag-Doped Hydroxyapatite Coatings on TiO2 Nanotubes Formed on Ti-407 Alloy: Antibacterial Evaluation Against Escherichia coli . Materials Proceedings, 28(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025028004

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