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Engineering Proceedings
Volume 96
Issue 1
10.3390/engproc2025096009
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Proceeding Paper

Re-Construction of the Small Xanten-Wardt Dart Launcher †

by
Michele Fratino
1,
Luis Palmero Iglesias
2 and
Adriana Rossi
3,*
1
JustMO’ Cultural and Creative Enterprise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
2
Departamento de Construcciones Arquitectónicas, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
3
Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81031 Aversa, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the Conference “Discovering Pompeii: From Effects to Causes—From Surveying to the Reconstructions of Ballistae and Scorpiones”, Aversa, Italy, 27 February 2025.
Eng. Proc. 2025, 96(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025096009
Published: 6 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of Discovering Pompeii: From Effects to Causes—From Surveying to the Reconstructions of Ballistae and Scorpiones)
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Abstract

Based on the dimensions of the small Xanten catapult, this study reconstructs a full-scale model to validate its manufacturing techniques and evaluate its effectiveness. The process underscores the role of experimental archaeology: the activity facilitates a dynamic sequence of queries, guides the interpretation of signs—not merely physical ones—refines the perception of the cognitive model, and relies on an interdisciplinary approach and strategy. The reconstruction fosters social engagement and scientific dialogue, supporting the adoption of new strategies for knowledge transmission and cultural valorization. The conclusions of this study contribute to the debate on the causes of damage inflicted by the Roman legions on the perimeter walls of Pompeii.
Keywords: experimental archaeology; Pompeii siege; Roman artillery; Sullan siege; terminal ballistics; Xanten-Wardt; Ampurias; handheld scorpion weapon; ancient weapons reconstruction; scorpion dart launcher; full-scale replica experimental archaeology; Pompeii siege; Roman artillery; Sullan siege; terminal ballistics; Xanten-Wardt; Ampurias; handheld scorpion weapon; ancient weapons reconstruction; scorpion dart launcher; full-scale replica

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MDPI and ACS Style

Fratino, M.; Palmero Iglesias, L.; Rossi, A. Re-Construction of the Small Xanten-Wardt Dart Launcher. Eng. Proc. 2025, 96, 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025096009

AMA Style

Fratino M, Palmero Iglesias L, Rossi A. Re-Construction of the Small Xanten-Wardt Dart Launcher. Engineering Proceedings. 2025; 96(1):9. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025096009

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fratino, Michele, Luis Palmero Iglesias, and Adriana Rossi. 2025. "Re-Construction of the Small Xanten-Wardt Dart Launcher" Engineering Proceedings 96, no. 1: 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025096009

APA Style

Fratino, M., Palmero Iglesias, L., & Rossi, A. (2025). Re-Construction of the Small Xanten-Wardt Dart Launcher. Engineering Proceedings, 96(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025096009

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