Next Article in Journal
Timoshenko Theories in the Analysis of Cantilever Beams Subjected to End Mass and Dynamic End Moment
Previous Article in Journal
Static Analysis Method and Structural Optimization of Box-Type Subgrade for High-Speed Railways
 
 
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Five-Dimensional Euler Equations for Rotating Bodies

Department of Natural Sciences, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz-Str., 57078 Siegen, Germany
Appl. Mech. 2025, 6(4), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech6040086 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 25 September 2025 / Revised: 15 November 2025 / Accepted: 26 November 2025 / Published: 4 December 2025

Abstract

This manuscript examines the rotational dynamics of rigid bodies in five-dimensional Euclidean space. This results in ten coupled nonlinear differential equations for angular velocities. Restricting rotations along certain axes reduces the 5D equations to sets of 4D Euler equations, which collapse to the classical 3D Euler equations. This demonstrates consistency with established mechanics. For bodies with equal principal moments of inertia (e.g., hyperspheres and Platonic solids), the rotation velocities remain constant over time. In cases with six equal and four distinct inertia moments, the solutions exhibit harmonic oscillations with frequencies determined by the initial conditions. Rotations are stable when the body spins around an axis with the largest or smallest principal moment of inertia, thus extending classical stability criteria into higher dimensions. This study defines a 5D angular momentum operator and derives commutation relations, thereby generalizing the familiar 3D and 4D cases. Additionally, it discusses the role of Pauli matrices in 5D and the implications for spin as an intrinsic property. While mathematically consistent, the hypothesis of a fifth spatial dimension is ultimately rejected since it contradicts experimental evidence. This work is valuable mainly as a theoretical framework for understanding spin and symmetry. This paper extends Euler’s equations to five dimensions (5D), demonstrates their reduction to four dimensions (4D) and three dimensions (3D), provides closed-form and oscillatory solutions under specific inertia conditions, analyzes stability, and explores quantum mechanical implications. Ultimately, it concludes that 5D space is not physically viable.
Keywords: Euler equations; rotation of rigid bodies; multidimensional rotation; quantum angular momentum; commutation relations Euler equations; rotation of rigid bodies; multidimensional rotation; quantum angular momentum; commutation relations
Graphical Abstract

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Kobelev, V. Five-Dimensional Euler Equations for Rotating Bodies. Appl. Mech. 2025, 6, 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech6040086

AMA Style

Kobelev V. Five-Dimensional Euler Equations for Rotating Bodies. Applied Mechanics. 2025; 6(4):86. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech6040086

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kobelev, Vladimir. 2025. "Five-Dimensional Euler Equations for Rotating Bodies" Applied Mechanics 6, no. 4: 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech6040086

APA Style

Kobelev, V. (2025). Five-Dimensional Euler Equations for Rotating Bodies. Applied Mechanics, 6(4), 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech6040086

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop