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Review

DNA Nanotechnology-Empowered Fluorescence Imaging of APE1 Activity

by
Hui He
1,
Xiaojun Liu
2,
Yuchen Wu
1,
Lanlin Qi
1,
Jin Huang
1,
Yan Zhou
1,
Jiahao Zeng
1,
Kemin Wang
1 and
Xiaoxiao He
1,*
1
State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
2
College of Agricultural, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Chemistry 2023, 5(3), 1815-1831; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5030124
Submission received: 28 June 2023 / Revised: 10 August 2023 / Accepted: 14 August 2023 / Published: 17 August 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Biomolecule-Based Composites and Nanostructures: Current Developments and Applications—a Themed Issue in Honor of Prof. Dr. Itamar Willner)
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Abstract

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1), also known as redox factor-1 (Ref-1), is a multifunctional protein that exists widely in living organisms. It can specifically recognize and cleave the DNA in apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites in the base excision repair (BER) pathway, as well as regulate the expression of genes to activate some transcription factors. The abnormal expression and disruptions in the biological functions of APE1 are linked to a number of diseases, including inflammation, immunodeficiency, and cancer. Hence, it is extremely desired to monitor the activity of APE1, acquiring a thorough understanding of the healing process of damaged DNA and making clinical diagnoses. Thanks to the advent of DNA nanotechnology, some nanodevices are used to image the activity of APE1 with great sensitivity and simplicity. In this review, we will summarize developments in DNA-nanotechnology-empowered fluorescence imaging in recent years for APE1 activity according to different types of DNA probes, which are classified into linear DNA probes, composite DNA nanomaterials, and three-dimensional (3D) DNA nanostructures. We also highlight the future research directions in the field of APE1 activity imaging.
Keywords: APE1; DNA nanotechnology; fluorescence imaging APE1; DNA nanotechnology; fluorescence imaging

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MDPI and ACS Style

He, H.; Liu, X.; Wu, Y.; Qi, L.; Huang, J.; Zhou, Y.; Zeng, J.; Wang, K.; He, X. DNA Nanotechnology-Empowered Fluorescence Imaging of APE1 Activity. Chemistry 2023, 5, 1815-1831. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5030124

AMA Style

He H, Liu X, Wu Y, Qi L, Huang J, Zhou Y, Zeng J, Wang K, He X. DNA Nanotechnology-Empowered Fluorescence Imaging of APE1 Activity. Chemistry. 2023; 5(3):1815-1831. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5030124

Chicago/Turabian Style

He, Hui, Xiaojun Liu, Yuchen Wu, Lanlin Qi, Jin Huang, Yan Zhou, Jiahao Zeng, Kemin Wang, and Xiaoxiao He. 2023. "DNA Nanotechnology-Empowered Fluorescence Imaging of APE1 Activity" Chemistry 5, no. 3: 1815-1831. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5030124

APA Style

He, H., Liu, X., Wu, Y., Qi, L., Huang, J., Zhou, Y., Zeng, J., Wang, K., & He, X. (2023). DNA Nanotechnology-Empowered Fluorescence Imaging of APE1 Activity. Chemistry, 5(3), 1815-1831. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry5030124

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