Scabies in Resource-Poor Communities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria: Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Factors Associated with Infestation

Ugbomoiko, Uade Samuel; Oyedeji, Samuel Adeola; Babamale, Olarewaju Abdulkareem; Heukelbach, Jorg

doi:10.3390/tropicalmed3020059

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Scabies in Resource-Poor Communities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria: Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Factors Associated with Infestation

Uade Samuel Ugbomoiko

^1,*

Samuel Adeola Oyedeji

¹,

Olarewaju Abdulkareem Babamale

¹ and

Jorg Heukelbach

^2,3

Parasitology Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515 Ilorin, Nigeria

Department of Community Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza CE 60430-140, Brazil

College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2018, 3(2), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed3020059

Received: 24 April 2018 / Revised: 25 May 2018 / Accepted: 29 May 2018 / Published: 4 June 2018

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Control of Communicable Diseases in Human and in Animal Populations: 70th Anniversary Year of the Birth of Professor Rick Speare (2 August 1947 – 5 June 2016))

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Abstract

Epidemiology and clinical features of scabies remain largely unknown in Nigeria’s rural communities. To fill this gap, we performed a cross-sectional study in three rural communities in north central Nigeria. A total of 500 individuals were included and examined for scabies infestation; a questionnaire was applied to collect socio-demographic and behavioral data. Scabies was diagnosed in 325 (65.0%) participants. Excoriations (68.6%), vesicles (61.8%), and papules (58.8%) were common skin lesions. Itching was the most common symptom (77.5%); 64% complained of sleep disturbances. Lymphadenopathy was identified in 48.3%. Lesions were most commonly encountered on the abdomen (35.5%), inguinal area (19.1%), and interdigital spaces (14.2%). Poverty-related variables, such as illiteracy (OR: 7.15; 95% CI: 3.71–13.95), low household income (7.25; 1.19–88.59), absence of a solid floor inside house (12.17; 2.83–52.34), and overcrowding (1.98; 1.08–2.81) were significantly associated with infestation. Individual behavior, such as sharing of beds/pillows (2.11; 1.42–3.14) and sharing of clothes (2.51; 1.57–3.99), was also highly significantly associated with scabies. Regular bathing habits (0.37; 0.24–0.56) and regular use of bathing soap (0.36; 0.21–0.53) were protective factors. Scabies is extremely common in the communities under study and is associated with considerable morbidity. The disease is intrinsically linked with extreme poverty. View Full-Text

Keywords: scabies; epidemiology; parasitic skin disease; cross-sectional study; Nigeria

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

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Ugbomoiko, U.S.; Oyedeji, S.A.; Babamale, O.A.; Heukelbach, J. Scabies in Resource-Poor Communities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria: Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Factors Associated with Infestation. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2018, 3, 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed3020059

AMA Style

Ugbomoiko US, Oyedeji SA, Babamale OA, Heukelbach J. Scabies in Resource-Poor Communities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria: Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Factors Associated with Infestation. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2018; 3(2):59. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed3020059

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ugbomoiko, Uade S., Samuel A. Oyedeji, Olarewaju A. Babamale, and Jorg Heukelbach. 2018. "Scabies in Resource-Poor Communities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria: Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Factors Associated with Infestation" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 3, no. 2: 59. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed3020059

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Scabies in Resource-Poor Communities in Nasarawa State, Nigeria: Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Factors Associated with Infestation

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