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Article

Evaluation of Bait Acceptance and Immune Response in a Local Dog Population During an Oral Rabies Vaccination Field Study in Cambodia

by
Bengthay Tep
1,
Sochetra Hak
1,
Nouv Sophorn
1,
Sin Grandy
1,
Ad Vos
2,*,
Dim Kanan
3 and
Kinzang Dukpa
4
1
Department of Animal Health—Veterinary Public Health, General Directorate Animal Health & Production, Phnom Penh 12352, Cambodia
2
Ceva Tiergesundheit (Riems) GmbH, 17493 Greifswald, Germany
3
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Royal University of Agriculture, Phnom Penh 12401, Cambodia
4
Regional Representation for Asia and the Pacific, World Organisation for Animal Health, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2026, 11(7), 204; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed11070204
Submission received: 5 March 2026 / Revised: 13 July 2026 / Accepted: 14 July 2026 / Published: 20 July 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rabies Epidemiology, Control and Prevention Studies)
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Abstract

(1) Background: Dog-mediated human rabies remains a serious public health problem in Cambodia, partially due to the high abundance of dogs. As most dogs are free-roaming and cannot easily be handled and restrained, the rabies vaccination coverage is very low. Oral rabies vaccination (ORV) could increase the vaccination coverage to levels required for interrupting the transmission cycle. (2) Methods: In this study, the bait acceptance and immunogenicity of a commercially available vaccine bait were tested in local free-roaming dogs in the northern part of Takeo province in Cambodia. (3) Results: In total, 75.4% (515/683) of dogs initially showed interest when offered an egg-flavored bait containing the SPBN GASGAS rabies virus vaccine. Subsequently, 89.9% of these dogs consumed the bait, and almost all of them (98.3%) were considered successfully vaccinated. Blood samples were collected from 50 dogs prior to vaccination. Eight of these fifty dogs tested sero-positive for rabies antibodies (ELISA) and were excluded from follow-up samples. Thirty and ninety days post-vaccination, 91.4% and 68.2% of the relocated vaccinated dogs tested sero-positive, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Bait acceptance and immunogenicity showed similar results as observed in studies with the same vaccine bait conducted in other countries. Hence, ORV seems to be a very promising tool for dog rabies control in Cambodia, which has a large owned but free-roaming dog population.
Keywords: rabies; oral vaccination; dog; SPBN GASGAS; bait acceptance; immunogenicity rabies; oral vaccination; dog; SPBN GASGAS; bait acceptance; immunogenicity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tep, B.; Hak, S.; Sophorn, N.; Grandy, S.; Vos, A.; Kanan, D.; Dukpa, K. Evaluation of Bait Acceptance and Immune Response in a Local Dog Population During an Oral Rabies Vaccination Field Study in Cambodia. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2026, 11, 204. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed11070204

AMA Style

Tep B, Hak S, Sophorn N, Grandy S, Vos A, Kanan D, Dukpa K. Evaluation of Bait Acceptance and Immune Response in a Local Dog Population During an Oral Rabies Vaccination Field Study in Cambodia. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2026; 11(7):204. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed11070204

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tep, Bengthay, Sochetra Hak, Nouv Sophorn, Sin Grandy, Ad Vos, Dim Kanan, and Kinzang Dukpa. 2026. "Evaluation of Bait Acceptance and Immune Response in a Local Dog Population During an Oral Rabies Vaccination Field Study in Cambodia" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 11, no. 7: 204. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed11070204

APA Style

Tep, B., Hak, S., Sophorn, N., Grandy, S., Vos, A., Kanan, D., & Dukpa, K. (2026). Evaluation of Bait Acceptance and Immune Response in a Local Dog Population During an Oral Rabies Vaccination Field Study in Cambodia. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 11(7), 204. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed11070204

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